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# Line 1 | Line 1
1   <html>
2 + <!-- RCSid $Id$ -->
3   <head>
4   <title>
5 < The RADIANCE 3.8 Synthetic Imaging System
5 > The RADIANCE 6.0 Synthetic Imaging System
6   </title>
7   </head>
8   <body>
# Line 9 | Line 10 | The RADIANCE 3.8 Synthetic Imaging System
10   <p>
11  
12   <h1>
13 < The RADIANCE 3.8 Synthetic Imaging System
13 > The RADIANCE 6.0 Synthetic Imaging System
14   </h1>
15  
16   <p>
# Line 82 | Line 83 | The diagram in Figure 1 shows the flow between program
83   (ovals).  
84   The central program is <i>rpict</i>, which produces a picture from a scene
85   description.
86 < <i>Rview</i> is a  variation  of  rpict  that  computes  and displays images
86 > <i>Rvu</i> is a  variation  of  rpict  that  computes  and displays images
87   interactively, and rtrace computes single ray values.
88   Other programs (not shown) connect many of these elements together,
89   such as the executive programs
# Line 659 | Line 660 | a perfectly scattering medium (no absorption).
660   The scattering eccentricity parameter will likewise override the global
661   setting if it is present.
662   Scattering eccentricity indicates how much scattered light favors the
663 < forward direction, as fit by the Heyney-Greenstein function:
663 > forward direction, as fit by the Henyey-Greenstein function:
664  
665   <pre>
666          P(theta) = (1 - g*g) / (1 + g*g - 2*g*cos(theta))^1.5
# Line 797 | Line 798 | unless the line integrals consider enclosed geometry.
798  
799   <dd>
800          Trans2 is the anisotropic version of <a HREF="#Trans">trans</a>.  
801 <        The string arguments  are  the same as for plastic2, and the real arguments are the same as  for  trans  but  with  an  additional roughness value.
801 >        The string arguments  are  the same as for <a HREF="#Plastic2">plastic2</a>,
802 >        and the real arguments are the same as  for  trans  but  with  an  additional roughness value.
803  
804   <pre>
805          mod trans2 id
# Line 809 | Line 811 | unless the line integrals consider enclosed geometry.
811   <p>
812  
813   <dt>
814 +        <a NAME="Ashik2">
815 +        <b>Ashik2</b>
816 +        </a>
817 +
818 + <dd>
819 +        Ashik2 is the anisotropic reflectance model by Ashikhmin & Shirley.
820 +        The string arguments are the same as for <a HREF="#Plastic2">plastic2</a>, but the real
821 +        arguments have additional flexibility to specify the specular color.
822 +        Also, rather than roughness, specular power is used, which has no
823 +        physical meaning other than larger numbers are equivalent to a smoother
824 +        surface.
825 +        Unlike other material types, total reflectance is the sum of
826 +        diffuse and specular colors, and should be adjusted accordingly.
827 + <pre>
828 +        mod ashik2 id
829 +        4+ ux uy uz funcfile transform
830 +        0
831 +        8 dred dgrn dblu sred sgrn sblu u-power v-power
832 + </pre>
833 +
834 + <p>
835 +
836 + <dt>
837          <a NAME="Dielectric">
838          <b>Dielectric</b>
839          </a>
# Line 1053 | Line 1078 | unless the line integrals consider enclosed geometry.
1078   <p>
1079  
1080   <dt>
1081 +        <a NAME="BSDF">
1082 +        <b>BSDF</b>
1083 +        </a>
1084 +
1085 + <dd>
1086 +        The BSDF material type loads an XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
1087 +        file describing a bidirectional scattering distribution function.
1088 +        Real arguments to this material may define additional
1089 +        diffuse components that augment the BSDF data.
1090 +        String arguments are used to define thickness for proxied
1091 +        surfaces and the &quot;up&quot; orientation for the material.
1092 +
1093 + <pre>
1094 +        mod BSDF id
1095 +        6+ thick BSDFfile ux uy uz funcfile transform
1096 +        0
1097 +        0|3|6|9
1098 +                rfdif gfdif bfdif
1099 +                rbdif gbdif bbdif
1100 +                rtdif gtdif btdif
1101 + </pre>
1102 +
1103 + <p>
1104 +        The first string argument is a &quot;thickness&quot; parameter that may be used
1105 +        to hide detail geometry being proxied by an aggregate BSDF material.
1106 +        If a view or shadow ray hits a BSDF proxy with non-zero thickness,
1107 +        it will pass directly through as if the surface were not there.
1108 +        Similar to the illum type, this permits direct viewing and
1109 +        shadow testing of complex geometry.
1110 +        The BSDF is used when a scattered (indirect) ray hits the surface,
1111 +        and any transmitted sample rays will be offset by the thickness amount
1112 +        to avoid the hidden geometry and gather samples from the other side.
1113 +        In this manner, BSDF surfaces can improve the results for indirect
1114 +        scattering from complex systems without sacrificing appearance or
1115 +        shadow accuracy.
1116 +        If the BSDF has transmission and back-side reflection data,
1117 +        a parallel BSDF surface may be
1118 +        placed slightly less than the given thickness away from the front surface
1119 +        to enclose the complex geometry on both sides.
1120 +        The sign of the thickness is important, as it indicates
1121 +        whether the proxied geometry is behind the BSDF
1122 +        surface (when thickness is positive) or in front (when
1123 +        thickness is negative).
1124 + <p>
1125 +        The second string argument is the name of the BSDF file,
1126 +        which is found in the usual auxiliary locations.  The
1127 +        following three string parameters name variables for an
1128 +        &quot;up&quot; vector, which together with the surface
1129 +        normal, define the local coordinate system that orients the
1130 +        BSDF.  These variables, along with the thickness, are defined
1131 +        in a function file given as the next string argument.  An
1132 +        optional transform is used to scale the thickness and
1133 +        reorient the up vector.
1134 + <p>
1135 +        If no real arguments are given, the BSDF is used by itself
1136 +        to determine reflection and transmission.  If there are at
1137 +        least 3 real arguments, the first triplet is an additional
1138 +        diffuse reflectance for the front side.  At least 6 real
1139 +        arguments adds diffuse reflectance to the rear side of the
1140 +        surface.  If there are 9 real arguments, the final triplet
1141 +        will be taken as an additional diffuse transmittance.  All
1142 +        diffuse components as well as the non-diffuse transmission
1143 +        are modified by patterns applied to this material.  The
1144 +        non-diffuse reflection from either side are unaffected.
1145 +        Textures perturb the effective surface normal in the usual
1146 +        way.
1147 + <p>
1148 +        The surface normal of this type is not altered to face the
1149 +        incoming ray, so the front and back BSDF reflections may
1150 +        differ.  (Transmission is identical front-to-back by physical
1151 +        law.) If back visibility is turned off during rendering and
1152 +        there is no transmission or back-side reflection, only then
1153 +        the surface will be invisible from behind.  Unlike other
1154 +        data-driven material types, the BSDF type is fully supported
1155 +        and all parts of the distribution are properly sampled.
1156 + <p>
1157 +
1158 + <dt>
1159 +        <a NAME="aBSDF">
1160 +        <b>aBSDF</b>
1161 +        </a>
1162 +
1163 + <dd>
1164 +        The aBSDF material is identical to the BSDF type with two
1165 +        important differences.  First, proxy geometry is not
1166 +        supported, so there is no thickness parameter.  Second, an
1167 +        aBSDF is assumed to have some specular through component
1168 +        (the &rsquo;a&rsquo; stands for &quot;aperture&quot;),
1169 +        which is treated specially during the direct calculation
1170 +        and when viewing the material.  Based on the BSDF data, the
1171 +        coefficient of specular transmission is determined and used
1172 +        for modifying unscattered shadow and view rays.
1173 +
1174 + <pre>
1175 +        mod aBSDF id
1176 +        5+ BSDFfile ux uy uz funcfile transform
1177 +        0
1178 +        0|3|6|9
1179 +             rfdif gfdif bfdif
1180 +             rbdif gbdif bbdif
1181 +             rtdif gtdif btdif
1182 + </pre>
1183 +
1184 + <p>
1185 +        If a material has no specular transmitted component, it is
1186 +        much better to use the BSDF type with a zero thickness
1187 +        than to use aBSDF.
1188 + <p>
1189 +
1190 + <dt>
1191          <a NAME="Antimatter">
1192          <b>Antimatter</b>
1193          </a>
# Line 1326 | Line 1461 | or:
1461          A section of text meant to  depict  a  picture, perhaps using a special purpose font such as hexbit4x1.fnt, calls for uniform  spacing.  
1462          Reasonable  magnitudes  for  proportional  spacing are between 0.1 (for tightly spaced characters) and 0.3 (for wide spacing).
1463  
1464 + <p>
1465 +
1466 + <dt>
1467 +        <a NAME="Spectrum">
1468 +        <b>Spectrum</b>
1469 +        </a>
1470 +
1471 + <dd>
1472 +        The spectrum primitive is the most basic type for introducing spectral
1473 +        color to a material.
1474 +        Since materials only provide RGB parameters, spectral patterns
1475 +        are the only way to superimpose wavelength-dependent behavior.
1476 +
1477 + <pre>
1478 +        mod spectrum id
1479 +        0
1480 +        0
1481 +        5+ nmA nmB s1 s2 .. sN
1482 + </pre>
1483 +
1484 + <p>
1485 +        The first two real arguments indicate the limits of the covered
1486 +        spectral range in nanometers.
1487 +        Subsequent real values correspond to multipliers in each wavelength band,
1488 +        where the first band goes from nmA to nmA+(nmB-nmA)/N, and N is the
1489 +        number of bands (i.e., the number of real arguments minus 2).
1490 +        The nmA wavelength may be greater or less than nmB,
1491 +        but they may not be equal, and their ordering matches
1492 +        the order of the spectral values.
1493 +        A minimum of 3 values must be given, which would act
1494 +        more or less the same as a constant RGB multiplier.
1495 +        As with RGB values, spectral quantities normally range between 0
1496 +        and 1 at each wavelength, or average to 1.0 against a standard
1497 +        sensitivity functions such as V(lambda).
1498 +        The best results obtain when the spectral range and number
1499 +        of samples match rendering options, though resampling will handle
1500 +        any differences, zero-filling wavelenths outside the nmA to nmB
1501 +        range.
1502 +        A warning will be issued if the given wavelength range does not
1503 +        adequately cover the visible spectrum.
1504 +
1505 + <p>
1506 +
1507 + <dt>
1508 +        <a NAME="Specfile">
1509 +        <b>Specfile</b>
1510 +        </a>
1511 +
1512 + <dd>
1513 +        The specfile primitive is equivalent to the spectrum type, but
1514 +        the wavelength range and values are contained in a 1-dimensional
1515 +        data file.
1516 +        This may be a more convenient way to specify a spectral color,
1517 +        especially one corresponding to a standard illuminant such as D65
1518 +        or a library of measured spectra.
1519 +
1520 + <pre>
1521 +        mod specfile id
1522 +        1 datafile
1523 +        0
1524 +        0
1525 + </pre>
1526 +
1527 + <p>
1528 +        As with the spectrum type, rendering wavelengths outside the defined
1529 +        range will be zero-filled.
1530 +        Unlike the spectrum type, the file may contain non-uniform samples.
1531 +
1532 + <p>
1533 +
1534 + <dt>
1535 +        <a NAME="Specfunc">
1536 +        <b>Specfunc</b>
1537 +        </a>
1538 +
1539 + <dd>
1540 +        The specfunc primitive offers dynamic control over a spectral
1541 +        pattern, similar to the colorfunc type.
1542 +
1543 + <pre>
1544 +        mod specfunc id
1545 +        2+ sval funcfile transform
1546 +        0
1547 +        2+ nmA nmB A3 ..
1548 + </pre>
1549 +
1550 + <p>
1551 +        Like the spectrum primitive, the wavelength range is specified
1552 +        in the first two real arguments, and additional real values are
1553 +        accessible to the sval function.
1554 +        This function is fed a wavelenth sample
1555 +        between nmA and nmB as its only argument,
1556 +        and it returns the corresponding spectral intensity.
1557 +
1558   </dl>
1559  
1560   <p>
# Line 1336 | Line 1565 | or:
1565   </h4>
1566  
1567   A mixture is a blend of one or more materials or textures and patterns.
1568 + Blended materials should not be light source types or virtual source types.
1569   The basic types are given below.
1570  
1571   <p>
# Line 1365 | Line 1595 | A mixfunc mixes  two  modifiers  procedurally.   It  i
1595          which serves as a form of opacity control when used with a material.)
1596          Vname is the coefficient defined in funcfile that determines  the  influence  of  foreground.  
1597          The background coefficient is always (1-vname).  
1368 –        Since the references are not resolved until run-time,  the  last  definitions  of  the modifier id's will be used.  
1369 –        This can result in modifier loops, which are detected by the renderer.
1598  
1599   <p>
1600  
# Line 1410 | Line 1638 | A mixfunc mixes  two  modifiers  procedurally.   It  i
1638          arguments, the red, green and blue values
1639          corresponding to the pixel at (u,v).
1640  
1413 – </dl>
1641   <p>
1642  
1643   <dt>
# Line 1528 | Line 1755 | If no file is needed by a given primitive because all
1755   the  required  variables  are global,  
1756   a  period  (`.')  can be given in place of the file name.  
1757   It is also possible to give an expression instead
1758 < of a  straight  variable  name  in  a scene file,
1759 < although such expressions should be kept
1533 < simple if possible.
1534 < Also, functions (requiring parameters) must be given
1758 > of a  straight  variable  name  in  a scene file.
1759 > Functions (requiring parameters) must be given
1760   as names and not as expressions.
1761  
1762   <p>
# Line 1678 | Line 1903 | The details of this process  are  not  important, but
1903   directs the use of a scene description.
1904   <ul>
1905   <li>
1906 < <a NAME="rvu" HREF="../man_html/rvu.1.html"><b>Rview</b></a>  is  ray-tracing  program  for  viewing  a  scene interactively.  
1906 > <a NAME="rvu" HREF="../man_html/rvu.1.html"><b>Rvu</b></a>  is  ray-tracing  program  for  viewing  a  scene interactively.  
1907   When  the user specifies a new perspective, rvu quickly displays a rough image on the  terminal,  
1908   then progressively increases the resolution as the user looks on.
1909   He can select a particular section of the image to  improve, or  move  to  a different view and start over.  
# Line 1714 | Line 1939 | Pictures may be displayed directly under X11 using the
1939   or converted a standard image format using one of the following
1940   <b>translators</b>:
1941          <ul>
1942 <        <li> <b>Ra_avs</b>
1943 <                converts to and from AVS image format.
1719 <        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_pict.1.html"><b>Ra_pict</b></a>
1720 <                converts to Macintosh 32-bit PICT2 format.
1942 >        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_bmp.1.html"><b>Ra_bmp</b></a>
1943 >                converts to and from BMP image format.
1944          <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_ppm.1.html"><b>Ra_ppm</b></a>
1945                  converts to and from Poskanzer Portable Pixmap formats.
1723 –        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_pr.1.html"><b>Ra_pr</b></a>
1724 –                converts to and from Sun 8-bit rasterfile format.
1725 –        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_pr24.1.html"><b>Ra_pr24</b></a>
1726 –                converts to and from Sun 24-bit rasterfile format.
1946          <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_ps.1.html"><b>Ra_ps</b></a>
1947                  converts to PostScript color and greyscale formats.
1948          <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_rgbe.1.html"><b>Ra_rgbe</b></a>
# Line 1749 | Line 1968 | or converted a standard image format using one of the
1968   <pre>
1969   The Radiance Software License, Version 1.0
1970  
1971 < Copyright (c) 1990 - 2006 The Regents of the University of California,
1971 > Copyright (c) 1990 - 2021 The Regents of the University of California,
1972   through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.   All rights reserved.
1973  
1974   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# Line 1783 | Line 2002 | are met:
2002        nor may &quot;Radiance&quot; appear in their name, without prior written
2003        permission of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
2004  
2005 < THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
2005 > THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS&quot; AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
2006   WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
2007   OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2008   DISCLAIMED.   IN NO EVENT SHALL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory OR
# Line 1822 | Line 2041 | Ecole  Polytechnique  Federale de Lausanne (EPFL Unive
2041   </h2>
2042   <p>
2043   <ul>
2044 +    <li>Ward, Gregory J., Bruno Bueno, David Geisler-Moroder,
2045 +      Lars O. Grobe, Jacob C. Jonsson, Eleanor
2046 +      S. Lee, Taoning Wang, Helen Rose Wilson,
2047 +      &quot;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.111890">Daylight
2048 +      Simulation Workflows Incorporating Measured Bidirectional
2049 +      Scattering Distribution Functions</a>&quot;
2050 +      <em>Energy &amp; Buildings</em>, Vol. 259, No. 11890, 2022.
2051 +    <li>Wang, Taoning, Gregory Ward, Eleanor Lee,
2052 +      &quot;<a href="https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1XQ0a1M7zGwT7v">Efficient
2053 +      modeling of optically-complex, non-coplanar exterior shading:
2054 +      Validation of matrix algebraic methods</a>&quot;
2055 +      <em>Energy & Buildings</em>, vol. 174, pp. 464-83, Sept. 2018.
2056 +    <li>Lee, Eleanor S., David Geisler-Moroder, Gregory Ward,
2057 +      &quot;<a href="https://eta.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/publications/solar_energy.pdf">Modeling
2058 +      the direct sun component in buildings using matrix
2059 +      algebraic approaches: Methods and
2060 +      validation</a>,&quot; <em>Solar Energy</em>,
2061 +      vol. 160, 15 January 2018, pp 380-395.
2062 +    <li>Narain, Rahul, Rachel A. Albert, Abdullah Bulbul,
2063 +       Gregory J. Ward, Marty Banks, James F. O'Brien,
2064 +       &quot;<a href="http://graphics.berkeley.edu/papers/Narain-OPI-2015-08/index.html">Optimal
2065 +       Presentation of Imagery with Focus
2066 +       Cues on Multi-Plane Displays</a>,&quot;
2067 +       <em>SIGGRAPH 2015</em>.
2068 +    <li>Ward, Greg, Murat Kurt, and Nicolas Bonneel,
2069 +        &quot;<a href="papers/WMAM14_Tensor_Tree_Representation.pdf">Reducing
2070 +        Anisotropic BSDF Measurement to Common Practice</a>,&quot;
2071 +        <em>Workshop on Material Appearance Modeling</em>, 2014.
2072 +    <li>Banks, Martin, Abdullah Bulbul, Rachel Albert, Rahul Narain,
2073 +        James F. O'Brien, Gregory Ward,
2074 +        &quot;<a href="http://graphics.berkeley.edu/papers/Banks-TPO-2014-05/index.html">The
2075 +        Perception of Surface Material from Disparity and Focus Cues</a>,&quot;
2076 +        <em>VSS 2014</em>.
2077 +    <li>McNeil, A., C.J. Jonsson, D. Appelfeld, G. Ward, E.S. Lee,
2078 +        &quot;<a href="http://gaia.lbl.gov/btech/papers/4414.pdf">
2079 +        A validation of a ray-tracing tool used to generate
2080 +        bi-directional scattering distribution functions for
2081 +        complex fenestration systems</a>,&quot;
2082 +        <em>Solar Energy</em>, 98, 404-14,
2083 +        November 2013.
2084 +    <li>Ward, G., R. Mistrick, E.S. Lee, A. McNeil, J. Jonsson,
2085 +        &quot;<a href="http://gaia.lbl.gov/btech/papers/4414.pdf">Simulating
2086 +        the Daylight Performance of Complex Fenestration Systems
2087 +        Using Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Functions within
2088 +        Radiance</a>,&quot;
2089 +        <em>Leukos</em>, 7(4)
2090 +        April 2011.
2091      <li>Cater, Kirsten, Alan Chalmers, Greg Ward,
2092 <        &quot;<a href="papers/egsr2003.pdf">Detail to Attention:
2092 >        &quot;<a href="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/egsr2003.pdf">Detail to Attention:
2093          Exploiting Visual Tasks for Selective Rendering</a>,&quot;
2094          <em>Eurographics Symposium
2095          on Rendering 2003</em>, June 2003.
2096      <li>Ward, Greg, Elena Eydelberg-Vileshin,
2097 <        ``<a HREF="http://viz.cs.berkeley.edu/~gwlarson/papers/egwr02/index.html">Picture Perfect RGB
2098 <        Rendering Using Spectral Prefiltering and Sharp Color Primaries</a>,''
2097 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/egwr02/index.html">Picture Perfect RGB
2098 >        Rendering Using Spectral Prefiltering and Sharp Color Primaries</a>,&quot;
2099          Thirteenth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering (2002),
2100          P. Debevec and S. Gibson (Editors), June 2002.
2101      <li>Ward, Gregory,
2102 <        ``<a HREF="http://viz.cs.berkeley.edu/~gwlarson/papers/cic01.pdf">High Dynamic Range Imaging</a>,''
2102 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/cic01.pdf">High Dynamic Range Imaging</a>,&quot;
2103          Proceedings of the Ninth Color Imaging Conference, November 2001.
2104      <li>Ward, Gregory and Maryann Simmons,
2105 <        ``<a HREF="http://viz.cs.berkeley.edu/~gwlarson/papers/tog99.pdf">
2105 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/tog99.pdf">
2106          The Holodeck Ray Cache: An Interactive Rendering System for Global Illumination in Nondiffuse
2107 <        Environments</a>,'' ACM Transactions on Graphics, 18(4):361-98, October 1999.
2108 <    <li>Larson, G.W., ``<a HREF="http://viz.cs.berkeley.edu/~gwlarson/papers/ewp98.pdf">The Holodeck: A Parallel
2109 <        Ray-caching Rendering System</a>,'' Proceedings of the Second
2107 >        Environments</a>,&quot; ACM Transactions on Graphics, 18(4):361-98, October 1999.
2108 >    <li>Larson, G.W., &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/ewp98.pdf">The Holodeck: A Parallel
2109 >        Ray-caching Rendering System</a>,&quot; Proceedings of the Second
2110          Eurographics Workshop on Parallel Graphics and Visualisation,
2111          September 1998.
2112      <li>Larson, G.W. and R.A. Shakespeare,
# Line 1848 | Line 2114 | Ecole  Polytechnique  Federale de Lausanne (EPFL Unive
2114          the Art and Science of Lighting Visualization</em></a>,
2115          Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1998.
2116      <li>Larson, G.W., H. Rushmeier, C. Piatko,
2117 <        ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/lbnl39882/tonemap.pdf">A Visibility
2117 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/lbnl39882/tonemap.pdf">A Visibility
2118          Matching Tone Reproduction Operator for
2119 <        High Dynamic Range Scenes</a>,'' LBNL Technical Report 39882,
2119 >        High Dynamic Range Scenes</a>,&quot; LBNL Technical Report 39882,
2120          January 1997.
2121 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw95.1/paper.html">Making
2122 <        Global Illumination User-Friendly</a>,'' Sixth
2121 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw95.1/paper.html">Making
2122 >        Global Illumination User-Friendly</a>,&quot; Sixth
2123          Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, Springer-Verlag,
2124          Dublin, Ireland, June 1995.</li>
2125      <li>Rushmeier, H., G. Ward, C. Piatko, P. Sanders, B. Rust,
2126 <        ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/mgf/compare.html">
2126 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/mgf/compare.html">
2127          Comparing Real and Synthetic Images: Some Ideas about
2128 <        Metrics</a>,'' Sixth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering,
2128 >        Metrics</a>,&quot; Sixth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering,
2129          Springer-Verlag, Dublin, Ireland, June 1995.</li>
2130 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.1/paper.html">The RADIANCE
2131 <        Lighting Simulation and Rendering System</a>,'' <em>Computer
2130 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.1/paper.html">The RADIANCE
2131 >        Lighting Simulation and Rendering System</a>,&quot; <em>Computer
2132          Graphics</em>, July 1994.</li>
2133 <    <li>Rushmeier, H., G. Ward, ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.2/energy.html">Energy
2134 <        Preserving Non-Linear Filters</a>,'' <em>Computer
2133 >    <li>Rushmeier, H., G. Ward, &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.2/energy.html">Energy
2134 >        Preserving Non-Linear Filters</a>,&quot; <em>Computer
2135          Graphics</em>, July 1994.</li>
2136 <    <li>Ward, G., ``A Contrast-Based Scalefactor for Luminance
2137 <        Display,'' <em>Graphics Gems IV</em>, Edited by Paul Heckbert,
2136 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;A Contrast-Based Scalefactor for Luminance
2137 >        Display,&quot; <em>Graphics Gems IV</em>, Edited by Paul Heckbert,
2138          Academic Press 1994.</li>
2139 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg92/paper.html">Measuring and
2140 <        Modeling Anisotropic Reflection</a>,'' <em>Computer
2139 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg92/paper.html">Measuring and
2140 >        Modeling Anisotropic Reflection</a>,&quot; <em>Computer
2141          Graphics</em>, Vol. 26, No. 2, July 1992. </li>
2142 <    <li>Ward, G., P. Heckbert, ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw92/paper.html">Irradiance
2143 <        Gradients</a>,'' Third Annual Eurographics Workshop on
2142 >    <li>Ward, G., P. Heckbert, &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw92/paper.html">Irradiance
2143 >        Gradients</a>,&quot; Third Annual Eurographics Workshop on
2144          Rendering, Springer-Verlag, May 1992. </li>
2145 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw91/erw91.html">Adaptive Shadow
2146 <        Testing for Ray Tracing</a>'' Photorealistic Rendering in
2145 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw91/erw91.html">Adaptive Shadow
2146 >        Testing for Ray Tracing</a>&quot; Photorealistic Rendering in
2147          Computer Graphics, proceedings of 1991 Eurographics
2148          Rendering Workshop, edited by P. Brunet and F.W. Jansen,
2149          Springer-Verlag. </li>
2150 <    <li>Ward, G., ``Visualization,'' <em>Lighting Design and
2150 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;Visualization,&quot; <em>Lighting Design and
2151          Application</em>, Vol. 20, No. 6, June 1990. </li>
2152 <    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, R. Clear, ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg88/paper.html">A Ray Tracing Solution for
2153 <        Diffuse Interreflection</a>,'' <em>Computer Graphics</em>,
2152 >    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, R. Clear, &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg88/paper.html">A Ray Tracing Solution for
2153 >        Diffuse Interreflection</a>,&quot; <em>Computer Graphics</em>,
2154          Vol. 22, No. 4, August 1988. </li>
2155 <    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, ``A New Technique for Computer
2156 <        Simulation of Illuminated Spaces,'' <em>Journal of the
2155 >    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, &quot;A New Technique for Computer
2156 >        Simulation of Illuminated Spaces,&quot; <em>Journal of the
2157          Illuminating Engineering Society</em>, Vol. 17, No. 1,
2158          Winter 1988. </li>
2159   </ul>
# Line 1925 | Line 2191 | SURFACES       MATERIALS       TEXTURES        PATTERNS        MIXTURES</h4>
2191                  <a HREF="#Plasdata">Plasdata</a>
2192                  <a HREF="#Metdata">Metdata</a>
2193                  <a HREF="#Transdata">Transdata</a>
2194 +                <a HREF="#BSDF">BSDF</a>
2195                  <a HREF="#Antimatter">Antimatter</a>
2196                                  
2197   </pre>

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