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root/radiance/ray/src/rt/source.c
Revision: 2.19
Committed: Fri Dec 8 18:22:28 1995 UTC (28 years, 4 months ago) by greg
Content type: text/plain
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 2.18: +77 -0 lines
Log Message:
added M_MIST (mist) type and global participating medium

File Contents

# Content
1 /* Copyright (c) 1995 Regents of the University of California */
2
3 #ifndef lint
4 static char SCCSid[] = "$SunId$ LBL";
5 #endif
6
7 /*
8 * source.c - routines dealing with illumination sources.
9 *
10 * 8/20/85
11 */
12
13 #include "ray.h"
14
15 #include "octree.h"
16
17 #include "otypes.h"
18
19 #include "source.h"
20
21 #include "random.h"
22
23 extern double ssampdist; /* scatter sampling distance */
24
25 /*
26 * Structures used by direct()
27 */
28
29 typedef struct {
30 int sno; /* source number */
31 FVECT dir; /* source direction */
32 COLOR coef; /* material coefficient */
33 COLOR val; /* contribution */
34 } CONTRIB; /* direct contribution */
35
36 typedef struct {
37 int sndx; /* source index (to CONTRIB array) */
38 float brt; /* brightness (for comparison) */
39 } CNTPTR; /* contribution pointer */
40
41 static CONTRIB *srccnt; /* source contributions in direct() */
42 static CNTPTR *cntord; /* source ordering in direct() */
43 static int maxcntr = 0; /* size of contribution arrays */
44
45
46 marksources() /* find and mark source objects */
47 {
48 int foundsource = 0;
49 int i;
50 register OBJREC *o, *m;
51 register int ns;
52 /* initialize dispatch table */
53 initstypes();
54 /* find direct sources */
55 for (i = 0; i < nobjects; i++) {
56
57 o = objptr(i);
58
59 if (!issurface(o->otype) || o->omod == OVOID)
60 continue;
61
62 m = objptr(o->omod);
63
64 if (!islight(m->otype))
65 continue;
66
67 if (m->oargs.nfargs != (m->otype == MAT_GLOW ? 4 :
68 m->otype == MAT_SPOT ? 7 : 3))
69 objerror(m, USER, "bad # arguments");
70
71 if (m->otype == MAT_GLOW &&
72 o->otype != OBJ_SOURCE &&
73 m->oargs.farg[3] <= FTINY)
74 continue; /* don't bother */
75 if (m->oargs.farg[0] <= FTINY && m->oargs.farg[1] <= FTINY &&
76 m->oargs.farg[2] <= FTINY)
77 continue; /* don't bother */
78
79 if (sfun[o->otype].of == NULL ||
80 sfun[o->otype].of->setsrc == NULL)
81 objerror(o, USER, "illegal material");
82
83 if ((ns = newsource()) < 0)
84 goto memerr;
85
86 setsource(&source[ns], o);
87
88 if (m->otype == MAT_GLOW) {
89 source[ns].sflags |= SPROX;
90 source[ns].sl.prox = m->oargs.farg[3];
91 if (source[ns].sflags & SDISTANT)
92 source[ns].sflags |= SSKIP;
93 } else if (m->otype == MAT_SPOT) {
94 source[ns].sflags |= SSPOT;
95 if ((source[ns].sl.s = makespot(m)) == NULL)
96 goto memerr;
97 if (source[ns].sflags & SFLAT &&
98 !checkspot(source[ns].sl.s,source[ns].snorm)) {
99 objerror(o, WARNING,
100 "invalid spotlight direction");
101 source[ns].sflags |= SSKIP;
102 }
103 }
104 if (!(source[ns].sflags & SSKIP))
105 foundsource++;
106 }
107 if (!foundsource) {
108 error(WARNING, "no light sources found");
109 return;
110 }
111 markvirtuals(); /* find and add virtual sources */
112 /* allocate our contribution arrays */
113 maxcntr = nsources + MAXSPART; /* start with this many */
114 srccnt = (CONTRIB *)malloc(maxcntr*sizeof(CONTRIB));
115 cntord = (CNTPTR *)malloc(maxcntr*sizeof(CNTPTR));
116 if (srccnt == NULL | cntord == NULL)
117 goto memerr;
118 return;
119 memerr:
120 error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in marksources");
121 }
122
123
124 srcray(sr, r, si) /* send a ray to a source, return domega */
125 register RAY *sr; /* returned source ray */
126 RAY *r; /* ray which hit object */
127 SRCINDEX *si; /* source sample index */
128 {
129 double d; /* distance to source */
130 register SRCREC *srcp;
131
132 rayorigin(sr, r, SHADOW, 1.0); /* ignore limits */
133
134 while ((d = nextssamp(sr, si)) != 0.0) {
135 sr->rsrc = si->sn; /* remember source */
136 srcp = source + si->sn;
137 if (srcp->sflags & SDISTANT) {
138 if (srcp->sflags & SSPOT && spotout(sr, srcp->sl.s))
139 continue;
140 return(1); /* sample OK */
141 }
142 /* local source */
143 /* check proximity */
144 if (srcp->sflags & SPROX && d > srcp->sl.prox)
145 continue;
146 /* check angle */
147 if (srcp->sflags & SSPOT) {
148 if (spotout(sr, srcp->sl.s))
149 continue;
150 /* adjust solid angle */
151 si->dom *= d*d;
152 d += srcp->sl.s->flen;
153 si->dom /= d*d;
154 }
155 return(1); /* sample OK */
156 }
157 return(0); /* no more samples */
158 }
159
160
161 srcvalue(r) /* punch ray to source and compute value */
162 register RAY *r;
163 {
164 register SRCREC *sp;
165
166 sp = &source[r->rsrc];
167 if (sp->sflags & SVIRTUAL) { /* virtual source */
168 /* check intersection */
169 if (!(*ofun[sp->so->otype].funp)(sp->so, r))
170 return;
171 if (!rayshade(r, r->ro->omod)) /* compute contribution */
172 goto nomat;
173 rayparticipate(r);
174 return;
175 }
176 /* compute intersection */
177 if (sp->sflags & SDISTANT ? sourcehit(r) :
178 (*ofun[sp->so->otype].funp)(sp->so, r)) {
179 if (sp->sa.success >= 0)
180 sp->sa.success++;
181 if (!rayshade(r, r->ro->omod)) /* compute contribution */
182 goto nomat;
183 rayparticipate(r);
184 return;
185 }
186 /* we missed our mark! */
187 if (sp->sa.success < 0)
188 return; /* bitched already */
189 sp->sa.success -= AIMREQT;
190 if (sp->sa.success >= 0)
191 return; /* leniency */
192 sprintf(errmsg, "aiming failure for light source \"%s\"",
193 sp->so->oname);
194 error(WARNING, errmsg); /* issue warning */
195 return;
196 nomat:
197 objerror(r->ro, USER, "material not found");
198 }
199
200
201 sourcehit(r) /* check to see if ray hit distant source */
202 register RAY *r;
203 {
204 int first, last;
205 register int i;
206
207 if (r->rsrc >= 0) { /* check only one if aimed */
208 first = last = r->rsrc;
209 } else { /* otherwise check all */
210 first = 0; last = nsources-1;
211 }
212 for (i = first; i <= last; i++)
213 if ((source[i].sflags & (SDISTANT|SVIRTUAL)) == SDISTANT)
214 /*
215 * Check to see if ray is within
216 * solid angle of source.
217 */
218 if (2.0*PI * (1.0 - DOT(source[i].sloc,r->rdir))
219 <= source[i].ss2) {
220 r->ro = source[i].so;
221 if (!(source[i].sflags & SSKIP))
222 break;
223 }
224
225 if (r->ro != NULL) {
226 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
227 r->ron[i] = -r->rdir[i];
228 r->rod = 1.0;
229 r->rox = NULL;
230 return(1);
231 }
232 return(0);
233 }
234
235
236 static int
237 cntcmp(sc1, sc2) /* contribution compare (descending) */
238 register CNTPTR *sc1, *sc2;
239 {
240 if (sc1->brt > sc2->brt)
241 return(-1);
242 if (sc1->brt < sc2->brt)
243 return(1);
244 return(0);
245 }
246
247
248 direct(r, f, p) /* add direct component */
249 RAY *r; /* ray that hit surface */
250 int (*f)(); /* direct component coefficient function */
251 char *p; /* data for f */
252 {
253 extern int (*trace)();
254 register int sn;
255 register CONTRIB *scp;
256 SRCINDEX si;
257 int nshadcheck, ncnts;
258 int nhits;
259 double prob, ourthresh, hwt;
260 RAY sr;
261 /* NOTE: srccnt and cntord global so no recursion */
262 if (nsources <= 0)
263 return; /* no sources?! */
264 /* potential contributions */
265 initsrcindex(&si);
266 for (sn = 0; srcray(&sr, r, &si); sn++) {
267 if (sn >= maxcntr) {
268 maxcntr = sn + MAXSPART;
269 srccnt = (CONTRIB *)realloc((char *)srccnt,
270 maxcntr*sizeof(CONTRIB));
271 cntord = (CNTPTR *)realloc((char *)cntord,
272 maxcntr*sizeof(CNTPTR));
273 if (srccnt == NULL | cntord == NULL)
274 error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in direct");
275 }
276 cntord[sn].sndx = sn;
277 scp = srccnt + sn;
278 scp->sno = sr.rsrc;
279 /* compute coefficient */
280 (*f)(scp->coef, p, sr.rdir, si.dom);
281 cntord[sn].brt = bright(scp->coef);
282 if (cntord[sn].brt <= 0.0)
283 continue;
284 VCOPY(scp->dir, sr.rdir);
285 /* compute potential */
286 sr.revf = srcvalue;
287 rayvalue(&sr);
288 copycolor(scp->val, sr.rcol);
289 multcolor(scp->val, scp->coef);
290 cntord[sn].brt = bright(scp->val);
291 }
292 /* sort contributions */
293 qsort(cntord, sn, sizeof(CNTPTR), cntcmp);
294 { /* find last */
295 register int l, m;
296
297 ncnts = l = sn;
298 sn = 0;
299 while ((m = (sn + ncnts) >> 1) != l) {
300 if (cntord[m].brt > 0.0)
301 sn = m;
302 else
303 ncnts = m;
304 l = m;
305 }
306 }
307 if (ncnts == 0)
308 return; /* no contributions! */
309 /* accumulate tail */
310 for (sn = ncnts-1; sn > 0; sn--)
311 cntord[sn-1].brt += cntord[sn].brt;
312 /* compute number to check */
313 nshadcheck = pow((double)ncnts, shadcert) + .5;
314 /* modify threshold */
315 ourthresh = shadthresh / r->rweight;
316 /* test for shadows */
317 for (nhits = 0, hwt = 0.0, sn = 0; sn < ncnts;
318 hwt += (double)source[scp->sno].nhits /
319 (double)source[scp->sno].ntests,
320 sn++) {
321 /* check threshold */
322 if ((sn+nshadcheck>=ncnts ? cntord[sn].brt :
323 cntord[sn].brt-cntord[sn+nshadcheck].brt)
324 < ourthresh*bright(r->rcol))
325 break;
326 scp = srccnt + cntord[sn].sndx;
327 /* test for hit */
328 rayorigin(&sr, r, SHADOW, 1.0);
329 VCOPY(sr.rdir, scp->dir);
330 sr.rsrc = scp->sno;
331 source[scp->sno].ntests++; /* keep statistics */
332 if (localhit(&sr, &thescene) &&
333 ( sr.ro != source[scp->sno].so ||
334 source[scp->sno].sflags & SFOLLOW )) {
335 /* follow entire path */
336 if (!raycont(&sr))
337 objerror(sr.ro, USER, "material not found");
338 rayparticipate(&sr);
339 if (trace != NULL)
340 (*trace)(&sr); /* trace execution */
341 if (bright(sr.rcol) <= FTINY)
342 continue; /* missed! */
343 copycolor(scp->val, sr.rcol);
344 multcolor(scp->val, scp->coef);
345 }
346 /* add contribution if hit */
347 addcolor(r->rcol, scp->val);
348 nhits++;
349 source[scp->sno].nhits++;
350 }
351 /* source hit rate */
352 if (hwt > FTINY)
353 hwt = (double)nhits / hwt;
354 else
355 hwt = 0.5;
356 #ifdef DEBUG
357 sprintf(errmsg, "%d tested, %d untested, %f conditional hit rate\n",
358 sn, ncnts-sn, hwt);
359 eputs(errmsg);
360 #endif
361 /* add in untested sources */
362 for ( ; sn < ncnts; sn++) {
363 scp = srccnt + cntord[sn].sndx;
364 prob = hwt * (double)source[scp->sno].nhits /
365 (double)source[scp->sno].ntests;
366 if (prob > 1.0)
367 prob = 1.0;
368 scalecolor(scp->val, prob);
369 addcolor(r->rcol, scp->val);
370 }
371 }
372
373
374 srcscatter(r) /* compute source scattering into ray */
375 register RAY *r;
376 {
377 int nsamps;
378 RAY sr;
379 SRCINDEX si;
380 double t, lastt, d;
381 COLOR cumval, ctmp;
382 int i, j;
383
384 if (r->slights == NULL || r->slights[0] == 0 || r->gecc >= 1.-FTINY)
385 return;
386 if (ssampdist <= FTINY || (nsamps = r->rot/ssampdist + .5) < 1)
387 nsamps = 1;
388 initsrcindex(&si);
389 for (i = r->slights[0]; i > 0; i--) { /* for each source */
390 setcolor(cumval, 0., 0., 0.);
391 lastt = r->rot;
392 for (j = nsamps; j-- > 0; ) { /* for each sample position */
393 samplendx++;
394 t = r->rot * (j+frandom())/nsamps;
395 sr.rorg[0] = r->rorg[0] + r->rdir[0]*t;
396 sr.rorg[1] = r->rorg[1] + r->rdir[1]*t;
397 sr.rorg[2] = r->rorg[2] + r->rdir[2]*t;
398 sr.rmax = 0.;
399 /* sample ray to this source */
400 if (si.sp >= si.np-1 || !srcray(&sr, NULL, &si) ||
401 sr.rsrc != r->slights[i]) {
402 si.sn = r->slights[i]-1; /* reset */
403 si.np = 0;
404 if (!srcray(&sr, NULL, &si) ||
405 sr.rsrc != r->slights[i])
406 continue; /* no path */
407 }
408 copycolor(sr.cext, r->cext);
409 sr.albedo = r->albedo;
410 sr.gecc = r->gecc;
411 rayvalue(&sr); /* eval. source ray */
412 if (bright(sr.rcol) <= FTINY)
413 continue;
414 /* compute fall-off */
415 d = lastt - t;
416 setcolor(ctmp, 1.-d*colval(r->cext,RED),
417 1.-d*colval(r->cext,GRN),
418 1.-d*colval(r->cext,BLU));
419 multcolor(cumval, ctmp);
420 lastt = t;
421 if (r->gecc <= FTINY) /* compute P(theta) */
422 d = 1.;
423 else {
424 d = DOT(r->rdir, sr.rdir);
425 d = sqrt(1. + r->gecc*r->gecc - 2.*r->gecc*d);
426 d = (1. - r->gecc*r->gecc) / (d*d*d);
427 }
428 /* other factors */
429 d *= si.dom * r->albedo * r->rot / (4.*PI*nsamps);
430 multcolor(sr.rcol, r->cext);
431 scalecolor(sr.rcol, d);
432 addcolor(cumval, sr.rcol);
433 }
434 /* final fall-off */
435 setcolor(ctmp, 1.-lastt*colval(r->cext,RED),
436 1.-lastt*colval(r->cext,GRN),
437 1.-lastt*colval(r->cext,BLU));
438 multcolor(cumval, ctmp);
439 addcolor(r->rcol, cumval); /* sum into ray result */
440 }
441 }
442
443
444 /****************************************************************
445 * The following macros were separated from the m_light() routine
446 * because they are very nasty and difficult to understand.
447 */
448
449 /* illumblock *
450 *
451 * We cannot allow an illum to pass to another illum, because that
452 * would almost certainly constitute overcounting.
453 * However, we do allow an illum to pass to another illum
454 * that is actually going to relay to a virtual light source.
455 * We also prevent an illum from passing to a glow; this provides a
456 * convenient mechanism for defining detailed light source
457 * geometry behind (or inside) an effective radiator.
458 */
459
460 static int weaksrcmod(obj) int obj; /* efficiency booster function */
461 {register OBJREC *o = objptr(obj);
462 return(o->otype==MAT_ILLUM|o->otype==MAT_GLOW);}
463
464 #define illumblock(m, r) (!(source[r->rsrc].sflags&SVIRTUAL) && \
465 r->rod > 0.0 && \
466 weaksrcmod(source[r->rsrc].so->omod))
467
468 /* wrongsource *
469 *
470 * This source is the wrong source (ie. overcounted) if we are
471 * aimed to a different source than the one we hit and the one
472 * we hit is not an illum that should be passed.
473 */
474
475 #define wrongsource(m, r) (r->rsrc>=0 && source[r->rsrc].so!=r->ro && \
476 (m->otype!=MAT_ILLUM || illumblock(m,r)))
477
478 /* distglow *
479 *
480 * A distant glow is an object that sometimes acts as a light source,
481 * but is too far away from the test point to be one in this case.
482 * (Glows with negative radii should NEVER participate in illumination.)
483 */
484
485 #define distglow(m, r, d) (m->otype==MAT_GLOW && \
486 m->oargs.farg[3] >= -FTINY && \
487 d > m->oargs.farg[3])
488
489 /* badcomponent *
490 *
491 * We must avoid counting light sources in the ambient calculation,
492 * since the direct component is handled separately. Therefore, any
493 * ambient ray which hits an active light source must be discarded.
494 * The same is true for stray specular samples, since the specular
495 * contribution from light sources is calculated separately.
496 */
497
498 #define badcomponent(m, r) (r->crtype&(AMBIENT|SPECULAR) && \
499 !(r->crtype&SHADOW || r->rod < 0.0 || \
500 /* not 100% correct */ distglow(m, r, r->rot)))
501
502 /* passillum *
503 *
504 * An illum passes to another material type when we didn't hit it
505 * on purpose (as part of a direct calculation), or it is relaying
506 * a virtual light source.
507 */
508
509 #define passillum(m, r) (m->otype==MAT_ILLUM && \
510 (r->rsrc<0 || source[r->rsrc].so!=r->ro || \
511 source[r->rsrc].sflags&SVIRTUAL))
512
513 /* srcignore *
514 *
515 * The -dv flag is normally on for sources to be visible.
516 */
517
518 #define srcignore(m, r) !(directvis || r->crtype&SHADOW || \
519 distglow(m, r, raydist(r,PRIMARY)))
520
521
522 m_light(m, r) /* ray hit a light source */
523 register OBJREC *m;
524 register RAY *r;
525 {
526 /* check for over-counting */
527 if (badcomponent(m, r))
528 return(1);
529 if (wrongsource(m, r))
530 return(1);
531 /* check for passed illum */
532 if (passillum(m, r)) {
533 if (m->oargs.nsargs && strcmp(m->oargs.sarg[0], VOIDID))
534 return(rayshade(r, modifier(m->oargs.sarg[0])));
535 raytrans(r);
536 return(1);
537 }
538 /* otherwise treat as source */
539 /* check for behind */
540 if (r->rod < 0.0)
541 return(1);
542 /* check for invisibility */
543 if (srcignore(m, r))
544 return(1);
545 /* check for outside spot */
546 if (m->otype==MAT_SPOT && spotout(r, makespot(m)))
547 return(1);
548 /* get distribution pattern */
549 raytexture(r, m->omod);
550 /* get source color */
551 setcolor(r->rcol, m->oargs.farg[0],
552 m->oargs.farg[1],
553 m->oargs.farg[2]);
554 /* modify value */
555 multcolor(r->rcol, r->pcol);
556 return(1);
557 }