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root/radiance/ray/src/rt/rtrace.c
Revision: 2.64
Committed: Sun Sep 26 15:49:39 2010 UTC (13 years, 7 months ago) by greg
Content type: text/plain
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 2.63: +4 -3 lines
Log Message:
Eliminated flushing with -x >1 if -y also set to improve -n performance

File Contents

# User Rev Content
1 greg 1.1 #ifndef lint
2 greg 2.64 static const char RCSid[] = "$Id: rtrace.c,v 2.63 2009/12/16 03:30:50 greg Exp $";
3 greg 1.1 #endif
4     /*
5     * rtrace.c - program and variables for individual ray tracing.
6 greg 2.27 */
7    
8 greg 2.28 #include "copyright.h"
9 greg 1.1
10     /*
11     * Input is in the form:
12     *
13     * xorg yorg zorg xdir ydir zdir
14     *
15     * The direction need not be normalized. Output is flexible.
16 greg 1.7 * If the direction vector is (0,0,0), then the output is flushed.
17 greg 1.1 * All values default to ascii representation of real
18     * numbers. Binary representations can be selected
19     * with '-ff' for float or '-fd' for double. By default,
20 greg 1.13 * radiance is computed. The '-i' or '-I' options indicate that
21 greg 1.1 * irradiance values are desired.
22     */
23 greg 2.32
24     #include <time.h>
25 greg 1.1
26 schorsch 2.30 #include "platform.h"
27 greg 1.1 #include "ray.h"
28 schorsch 2.37 #include "ambient.h"
29     #include "source.h"
30 greg 1.1 #include "otypes.h"
31 greg 2.6 #include "resolu.h"
32 schorsch 2.49 #include "random.h"
33 greg 2.6
34 greg 2.57 extern int inform; /* input format */
35     extern int outform; /* output format */
36     extern char *outvals; /* output values */
37 greg 2.27
38 greg 2.57 extern int imm_irrad; /* compute immediate irradiance? */
39     extern int lim_dist; /* limit distance? */
40 greg 1.14
41 greg 2.57 extern char *tralist[]; /* list of modifers to trace (or no) */
42     extern int traincl; /* include == 1, exclude == 0 */
43 greg 1.13
44 greg 2.57 extern int hresolu; /* horizontal resolution */
45     extern int vresolu; /* vertical resolution */
46 greg 1.1
47 greg 2.57 static int castonly = 0;
48 greg 2.55
49 greg 2.46 #ifndef MAXTSET
50 greg 2.55 #define MAXTSET 8191 /* maximum number in trace set */
51 greg 2.46 #endif
52 greg 2.15 OBJECT traset[MAXTSET+1]={0}; /* trace include/exclude set */
53    
54 greg 1.1 static RAY thisray; /* for our convenience */
55    
56 schorsch 2.37 typedef void putf_t(double v);
57     static putf_t puta, putd, putf;
58 greg 1.1
59 schorsch 2.37 typedef void oputf_t(RAY *r);
60 greg 2.51 static oputf_t oputo, oputd, oputv, oputV, oputl, oputL, oputc, oputp,
61 greg 2.42 oputn, oputN, oputs, oputw, oputW, oputm, oputM, oputtilde;
62 schorsch 2.37
63     static void setoutput(char *vs);
64 greg 2.57 extern void tranotify(OBJECT obj);
65 schorsch 2.37 static void bogusray(void);
66 greg 2.59 static void raycast(RAY *r);
67     static void rayirrad(RAY *r);
68     static void rtcompute(FVECT org, FVECT dir, double dmax);
69 greg 2.57 static int printvals(RAY *r);
70     static int getvec(FVECT vec, int fmt, FILE *fp);
71     static void tabin(RAY *r);
72     static void ourtrace(RAY *r);
73 greg 1.1
74 schorsch 2.37 static oputf_t *ray_out[16], *every_out[16];
75     static putf_t *putreal;
76 greg 2.27
77 greg 1.1
78 greg 2.27 void
79 schorsch 2.37 quit( /* quit program */
80     int code
81     )
82 greg 1.1 {
83 greg 2.57 if (ray_pnprocs > 0) /* close children if any */
84     ray_pclose(0);
85     #ifndef NON_POSIX
86 greg 2.58 else if (!ray_pnprocs) {
87     headclean(); /* delete header file */
88     pfclean(); /* clean up persist files */
89     }
90 greg 2.11 #endif
91 greg 1.1 exit(code);
92     }
93    
94    
95 greg 2.57 char *
96 schorsch 2.37 formstr( /* return format identifier */
97     int f
98     )
99 greg 2.6 {
100     switch (f) {
101     case 'a': return("ascii");
102     case 'f': return("float");
103     case 'd': return("double");
104     case 'c': return(COLRFMT);
105     }
106     return("unknown");
107     }
108    
109    
110 schorsch 2.37 extern void
111     rtrace( /* trace rays from file */
112 greg 2.59 char *fname,
113     int nproc
114 schorsch 2.37 )
115 greg 1.1 {
116 greg 2.45 unsigned long vcount = (hresolu > 1) ? (unsigned long)hresolu*vresolu
117     : vresolu;
118 greg 2.64 long nextflush = (vresolu > 0) & (hresolu > 1) ? 0 : hresolu;
119 greg 1.1 FILE *fp;
120 gregl 2.25 double d;
121 greg 1.2 FVECT orig, direc;
122 greg 1.1 /* set up input */
123     if (fname == NULL)
124     fp = stdin;
125     else if ((fp = fopen(fname, "r")) == NULL) {
126     sprintf(errmsg, "cannot open input file \"%s\"", fname);
127     error(SYSTEM, errmsg);
128     }
129 greg 2.8 if (inform != 'a')
130 schorsch 2.30 SET_FILE_BINARY(fp);
131 greg 1.1 /* set up output */
132 greg 2.16 setoutput(outvals);
133 greg 2.59 if (imm_irrad)
134     castonly = 0;
135     else if (castonly)
136     nproc = 1; /* don't bother multiprocessing */
137 greg 1.1 switch (outform) {
138     case 'a': putreal = puta; break;
139     case 'f': putreal = putf; break;
140     case 'd': putreal = putd; break;
141 greg 2.6 case 'c':
142     if (strcmp(outvals, "v"))
143     error(USER, "color format with value output only");
144     break;
145     default:
146     error(CONSISTENCY, "botched output format");
147 greg 1.1 }
148 greg 2.59 if (nproc > 1) { /* start multiprocessing */
149     ray_popen(nproc);
150 greg 2.58 ray_fifo_out = printvals;
151 greg 2.59 }
152 greg 2.12 if (hresolu > 0) {
153     if (vresolu > 0)
154     fprtresolu(hresolu, vresolu, stdout);
155     fflush(stdout);
156     }
157 greg 1.1 /* process file */
158     while (getvec(orig, inform, fp) == 0 &&
159     getvec(direc, inform, fp) == 0) {
160    
161 gregl 2.25 d = normalize(direc);
162     if (d == 0.0) { /* zero ==> flush */
163 greg 2.45 if (--nextflush <= 0 || !vcount) {
164 greg 2.63 if (nproc > 1 && ray_fifo_flush() < 0)
165     error(USER, "lost children");
166     bogusray();
167 gregl 2.24 fflush(stdout);
168 greg 2.64 nextflush = (vresolu > 0) & (hresolu > 1) ? 0 :
169     hresolu;
170 greg 2.63 } else
171     bogusray();
172 greg 2.57 } else { /* compute and print */
173 greg 2.59 rtcompute(orig, direc, lim_dist ? d : 0.0);
174 greg 1.7 /* flush if time */
175 greg 2.45 if (!--nextflush) {
176 greg 2.59 if (nproc > 1 && ray_fifo_flush() < 0)
177 greg 2.57 error(USER, "lost children");
178 gregl 2.24 fflush(stdout);
179     nextflush = hresolu;
180     }
181 greg 1.1 }
182     if (ferror(stdout))
183     error(SYSTEM, "write error");
184 greg 2.45 if (vcount && !--vcount) /* check for end */
185 greg 1.1 break;
186     }
187 greg 2.59 if (nproc > 1) { /* clean up children */
188     if (ray_fifo_flush() < 0)
189     error(USER, "unable to complete processing");
190     ray_pclose(0);
191     }
192 greg 2.50 if (fflush(stdout) < 0)
193     error(SYSTEM, "write error");
194 greg 2.45 if (vcount)
195 greg 2.42 error(USER, "unexpected EOF on input");
196 greg 2.12 if (fname != NULL)
197     fclose(fp);
198 greg 1.1 }
199    
200    
201 schorsch 2.37 static void
202 greg 2.40 trace_sources(void) /* trace rays to light sources, also */
203     {
204     int sn;
205    
206     for (sn = 0; sn < nsources; sn++)
207     source[sn].sflags |= SFOLLOW;
208     }
209    
210    
211     static void
212 schorsch 2.37 setoutput( /* set up output tables */
213 greg 2.56 char *vs
214 schorsch 2.37 )
215 greg 1.1 {
216 greg 2.56 oputf_t **table = ray_out;
217 greg 1.1
218 greg 1.11 castonly = 1;
219 greg 1.1 while (*vs)
220     switch (*vs++) {
221 greg 2.40 case 'T': /* trace sources */
222 greg 2.42 if (!*vs) break;
223 greg 2.40 trace_sources();
224     /* fall through */
225 greg 1.1 case 't': /* trace */
226 greg 2.42 if (!*vs) break;
227 greg 1.1 *table = NULL;
228     table = every_out;
229     trace = ourtrace;
230 greg 1.11 castonly = 0;
231 greg 1.1 break;
232     case 'o': /* origin */
233     *table++ = oputo;
234     break;
235     case 'd': /* direction */
236     *table++ = oputd;
237     break;
238     case 'v': /* value */
239     *table++ = oputv;
240 greg 1.11 castonly = 0;
241 greg 1.1 break;
242 greg 2.51 case 'V': /* contribution */
243     *table++ = oputV;
244     if (ambounce > 0 && (ambacc > FTINY || ambssamp > 0))
245     error(WARNING,
246     "-otV accuracy depends on -aa 0 -as 0");
247     break;
248 greg 2.5 case 'l': /* effective distance */
249 greg 1.1 *table++ = oputl;
250 greg 1.11 castonly = 0;
251 greg 1.1 break;
252 greg 2.29 case 'c': /* local coordinates */
253     *table++ = oputc;
254     break;
255 greg 2.5 case 'L': /* single ray length */
256     *table++ = oputL;
257     break;
258 greg 1.1 case 'p': /* point */
259     *table++ = oputp;
260     break;
261 greg 2.9 case 'n': /* perturbed normal */
262 greg 1.1 *table++ = oputn;
263 greg 2.9 castonly = 0;
264 greg 1.1 break;
265 greg 2.9 case 'N': /* unperturbed normal */
266     *table++ = oputN;
267     break;
268 greg 1.1 case 's': /* surface */
269     *table++ = oputs;
270     break;
271     case 'w': /* weight */
272     *table++ = oputw;
273     break;
274 greg 2.40 case 'W': /* coefficient */
275     *table++ = oputW;
276     if (ambounce > 0 && (ambacc > FTINY || ambssamp > 0))
277     error(WARNING,
278 greg 2.41 "-otW accuracy depends on -aa 0 -as 0");
279 greg 2.40 break;
280 greg 1.1 case 'm': /* modifier */
281     *table++ = oputm;
282     break;
283 greg 2.39 case 'M': /* material */
284     *table++ = oputM;
285     break;
286 greg 2.42 case '~': /* tilde */
287     *table++ = oputtilde;
288 greg 2.41 break;
289 greg 1.1 }
290     *table = NULL;
291 gregl 2.24 }
292    
293    
294 schorsch 2.37 static void
295     bogusray(void) /* print out empty record */
296 gregl 2.24 {
297     thisray.rorg[0] = thisray.rorg[1] = thisray.rorg[2] =
298     thisray.rdir[0] = thisray.rdir[1] = thisray.rdir[2] = 0.0;
299 greg 2.40 thisray.rmax = 0.0;
300     rayorigin(&thisray, PRIMARY, NULL, NULL);
301 gregl 2.24 printvals(&thisray);
302 greg 1.1 }
303    
304    
305 schorsch 2.37 static void
306 greg 2.59 raycast( /* compute first ray intersection only */
307     RAY *r
308 schorsch 2.37 )
309 greg 1.1 {
310 greg 2.59 if (!localhit(r, &thescene)) {
311     if (r->ro == &Aftplane) { /* clipped */
312     r->ro = NULL;
313     r->rot = FHUGE;
314     } else
315     sourcehit(r);
316 greg 2.57 }
317 greg 1.1 }
318    
319    
320 schorsch 2.37 static void
321 greg 2.59 rayirrad( /* compute irradiance rather than radiance */
322     RAY *r
323     )
324     {
325 greg 2.62 void (*old_revf)(RAY *) = r->revf;
326    
327 greg 2.59 r->rot = 1e-5; /* pretend we hit surface */
328     VSUM(r->rop, r->rorg, r->rdir, r->rot);
329     r->ron[0] = -r->rdir[0];
330     r->ron[1] = -r->rdir[1];
331     r->ron[2] = -r->rdir[2];
332     r->rod = 1.0;
333 greg 2.62 /* compute result */
334 greg 2.61 r->revf = raytrace;
335 greg 2.59 (*ofun[Lamb.otype].funp)(&Lamb, r);
336 greg 2.62 r->revf = old_revf;
337 greg 2.59 }
338    
339    
340     static void
341     rtcompute( /* compute and print ray value(s) */
342 schorsch 2.37 FVECT org,
343 greg 2.59 FVECT dir,
344     double dmax
345 schorsch 2.37 )
346 greg 1.1 {
347 greg 2.60 /* set up ray */
348     rayorigin(&thisray, PRIMARY, NULL, NULL);
349     if (imm_irrad) {
350 greg 2.59 VSUM(thisray.rorg, org, dir, 1.1e-4);
351     thisray.rdir[0] = -dir[0];
352     thisray.rdir[1] = -dir[1];
353     thisray.rdir[2] = -dir[2];
354     thisray.rmax = 0.0;
355 greg 2.60 thisray.revf = rayirrad;
356 greg 2.59 } else {
357     VCOPY(thisray.rorg, org);
358     VCOPY(thisray.rdir, dir);
359     thisray.rmax = dmax;
360 greg 2.60 if (castonly)
361     thisray.revf = raycast;
362 greg 2.59 }
363     if (ray_pnprocs > 1) { /* multiprocessing FIFO? */
364     if (ray_fifo_in(&thisray) < 0)
365     error(USER, "lost children");
366     return;
367     }
368     samplendx++; /* else do it ourselves */
369     rayvalue(&thisray);
370 greg 2.16 printvals(&thisray);
371     }
372    
373    
374 greg 2.57 static int
375 schorsch 2.37 printvals( /* print requested ray values */
376     RAY *r
377     )
378 greg 2.16 {
379 greg 2.56 oputf_t **tp;
380 greg 2.16
381     if (ray_out[0] == NULL)
382 greg 2.57 return(0);
383 greg 2.16 for (tp = ray_out; *tp != NULL; tp++)
384     (**tp)(r);
385 greg 1.1 if (outform == 'a')
386     putchar('\n');
387 greg 2.57 return(1);
388 greg 1.1 }
389    
390    
391 schorsch 2.37 static int
392     getvec( /* get a vector from fp */
393 greg 2.56 FVECT vec,
394 schorsch 2.37 int fmt,
395     FILE *fp
396     )
397 greg 1.1 {
398     static float vf[3];
399 greg 2.5 static double vd[3];
400 greg 1.19 char buf[32];
401 greg 2.56 int i;
402 greg 1.1
403     switch (fmt) {
404     case 'a': /* ascii */
405 greg 1.19 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
406     if (fgetword(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) == NULL ||
407     !isflt(buf))
408     return(-1);
409     vec[i] = atof(buf);
410     }
411 greg 1.1 break;
412     case 'f': /* binary float */
413 greg 1.8 if (fread((char *)vf, sizeof(float), 3, fp) != 3)
414 greg 1.1 return(-1);
415 greg 2.58 VCOPY(vec, vf);
416 greg 1.1 break;
417     case 'd': /* binary double */
418 greg 2.5 if (fread((char *)vd, sizeof(double), 3, fp) != 3)
419 greg 1.1 return(-1);
420 greg 2.58 VCOPY(vec, vd);
421 greg 1.1 break;
422 greg 2.6 default:
423     error(CONSISTENCY, "botched input format");
424 greg 1.1 }
425     return(0);
426     }
427    
428    
429 greg 2.57 void
430 schorsch 2.37 tranotify( /* record new modifier */
431     OBJECT obj
432     )
433 greg 2.15 {
434     static int hitlimit = 0;
435 greg 2.56 OBJREC *o = objptr(obj);
436     char **tralp;
437 greg 2.15
438 greg 2.27 if (obj == OVOID) { /* starting over */
439     traset[0] = 0;
440     hitlimit = 0;
441     return;
442     }
443 greg 2.15 if (hitlimit || !ismodifier(o->otype))
444     return;
445     for (tralp = tralist; *tralp != NULL; tralp++)
446     if (!strcmp(o->oname, *tralp)) {
447     if (traset[0] >= MAXTSET) {
448     error(WARNING, "too many modifiers in trace list");
449     hitlimit++;
450     return; /* should this be fatal? */
451     }
452     insertelem(traset, obj);
453     return;
454     }
455     }
456    
457    
458 greg 2.27 static void
459 schorsch 2.37 ourtrace( /* print ray values */
460     RAY *r
461     )
462 greg 1.1 {
463 greg 2.56 oputf_t **tp;
464 greg 1.1
465     if (every_out[0] == NULL)
466 greg 2.15 return;
467 greg 2.16 if (r->ro == NULL) {
468     if (traincl == 1)
469     return;
470     } else if (traincl != -1 && traincl != inset(traset, r->ro->omod))
471 greg 1.1 return;
472     tabin(r);
473     for (tp = every_out; *tp != NULL; tp++)
474     (**tp)(r);
475 greg 2.41 if (outform == 'a')
476     putchar('\n');
477 greg 1.1 }
478    
479    
480 greg 2.27 static void
481 schorsch 2.37 tabin( /* tab in appropriate amount */
482     RAY *r
483     )
484 greg 1.1 {
485 greg 2.40 const RAY *rp;
486 greg 1.1
487     for (rp = r->parent; rp != NULL; rp = rp->parent)
488     putchar('\t');
489     }
490    
491    
492 greg 2.27 static void
493 schorsch 2.37 oputo( /* print origin */
494     RAY *r
495     )
496 greg 1.1 {
497     (*putreal)(r->rorg[0]);
498     (*putreal)(r->rorg[1]);
499     (*putreal)(r->rorg[2]);
500     }
501    
502    
503 greg 2.27 static void
504 schorsch 2.37 oputd( /* print direction */
505     RAY *r
506     )
507 greg 1.1 {
508     (*putreal)(r->rdir[0]);
509     (*putreal)(r->rdir[1]);
510     (*putreal)(r->rdir[2]);
511     }
512    
513    
514 greg 2.27 static void
515 schorsch 2.37 oputv( /* print value */
516     RAY *r
517     )
518 greg 1.1 {
519 greg 2.6 if (outform == 'c') {
520 greg 2.41 COLR cout;
521 greg 2.6 setcolr(cout, colval(r->rcol,RED),
522     colval(r->rcol,GRN),
523     colval(r->rcol,BLU));
524     fwrite((char *)cout, sizeof(cout), 1, stdout);
525     return;
526     }
527 greg 1.1 (*putreal)(colval(r->rcol,RED));
528     (*putreal)(colval(r->rcol,GRN));
529     (*putreal)(colval(r->rcol,BLU));
530     }
531    
532    
533 greg 2.27 static void
534 greg 2.51 oputV( /* print value contribution */
535     RAY *r
536     )
537     {
538     double contr[3];
539    
540     raycontrib(contr, r, PRIMARY);
541     multcolor(contr, r->rcol);
542     (*putreal)(contr[RED]);
543     (*putreal)(contr[GRN]);
544     (*putreal)(contr[BLU]);
545     }
546    
547    
548     static void
549 schorsch 2.37 oputl( /* print effective distance */
550     RAY *r
551     )
552 greg 1.1 {
553 greg 1.9 (*putreal)(r->rt);
554 greg 2.5 }
555    
556    
557 greg 2.27 static void
558 schorsch 2.37 oputL( /* print single ray length */
559     RAY *r
560     )
561 greg 2.5 {
562     (*putreal)(r->rot);
563 greg 1.1 }
564    
565    
566 greg 2.27 static void
567 schorsch 2.37 oputc( /* print local coordinates */
568     RAY *r
569     )
570 greg 2.29 {
571     (*putreal)(r->uv[0]);
572     (*putreal)(r->uv[1]);
573     }
574    
575    
576     static void
577 schorsch 2.37 oputp( /* print point */
578     RAY *r
579     )
580 greg 1.1 {
581     if (r->rot < FHUGE) {
582     (*putreal)(r->rop[0]);
583     (*putreal)(r->rop[1]);
584     (*putreal)(r->rop[2]);
585     } else {
586     (*putreal)(0.0);
587     (*putreal)(0.0);
588     (*putreal)(0.0);
589     }
590     }
591    
592    
593 greg 2.27 static void
594 schorsch 2.37 oputN( /* print unperturbed normal */
595     RAY *r
596     )
597 greg 1.1 {
598     if (r->rot < FHUGE) {
599     (*putreal)(r->ron[0]);
600     (*putreal)(r->ron[1]);
601     (*putreal)(r->ron[2]);
602     } else {
603     (*putreal)(0.0);
604     (*putreal)(0.0);
605     (*putreal)(0.0);
606     }
607 greg 2.9 }
608    
609    
610 greg 2.27 static void
611 schorsch 2.37 oputn( /* print perturbed normal */
612     RAY *r
613     )
614 greg 2.9 {
615     FVECT pnorm;
616    
617     if (r->rot >= FHUGE) {
618     (*putreal)(0.0);
619     (*putreal)(0.0);
620     (*putreal)(0.0);
621     return;
622     }
623     raynormal(pnorm, r);
624     (*putreal)(pnorm[0]);
625     (*putreal)(pnorm[1]);
626     (*putreal)(pnorm[2]);
627 greg 1.1 }
628    
629    
630 greg 2.27 static void
631 schorsch 2.37 oputs( /* print name */
632     RAY *r
633     )
634 greg 1.1 {
635     if (r->ro != NULL)
636     fputs(r->ro->oname, stdout);
637     else
638     putchar('*');
639     putchar('\t');
640     }
641    
642    
643 greg 2.27 static void
644 schorsch 2.37 oputw( /* print weight */
645     RAY *r
646     )
647 greg 1.1 {
648     (*putreal)(r->rweight);
649     }
650    
651    
652 greg 2.27 static void
653 greg 2.51 oputW( /* print coefficient */
654 greg 2.40 RAY *r
655     )
656     {
657 greg 2.48 double contr[3];
658 greg 2.40
659     raycontrib(contr, r, PRIMARY);
660 greg 2.48 (*putreal)(contr[RED]);
661     (*putreal)(contr[GRN]);
662     (*putreal)(contr[BLU]);
663 greg 2.40 }
664    
665    
666     static void
667 schorsch 2.37 oputm( /* print modifier */
668     RAY *r
669     )
670 greg 1.1 {
671     if (r->ro != NULL)
672 greg 2.23 if (r->ro->omod != OVOID)
673     fputs(objptr(r->ro->omod)->oname, stdout);
674     else
675     fputs(VOIDID, stdout);
676 greg 1.1 else
677     putchar('*');
678     putchar('\t');
679     }
680    
681    
682 greg 2.27 static void
683 greg 2.39 oputM( /* print material */
684     RAY *r
685     )
686     {
687     OBJREC *mat;
688    
689     if (r->ro != NULL) {
690     if ((mat = findmaterial(r->ro)) != NULL)
691     fputs(mat->oname, stdout);
692     else
693     fputs(VOIDID, stdout);
694     } else
695     putchar('*');
696     putchar('\t');
697     }
698    
699    
700     static void
701 greg 2.42 oputtilde( /* output tilde (spacer) */
702 greg 2.41 RAY *r
703     )
704     {
705 greg 2.42 fputs("~\t", stdout);
706 greg 2.41 }
707    
708    
709     static void
710 schorsch 2.37 puta( /* print ascii value */
711     double v
712     )
713 greg 1.1 {
714     printf("%e\t", v);
715     }
716    
717    
718 greg 2.27 static void
719 greg 1.1 putd(v) /* print binary double */
720     double v;
721     {
722 greg 1.8 fwrite((char *)&v, sizeof(v), 1, stdout);
723 greg 1.1 }
724    
725    
726 greg 2.27 static void
727 greg 1.1 putf(v) /* print binary float */
728     double v;
729     {
730     float f = v;
731    
732 greg 1.8 fwrite((char *)&f, sizeof(f), 1, stdout);
733 greg 1.1 }