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root/radiance/ray/src/rt/rpict.c
Revision: 2.45
Committed: Fri Mar 15 21:02:09 1996 UTC (28 years, 1 month ago) by greg
Content type: text/plain
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 2.44: +14 -17 lines
Log Message:
added small source drawing routines (srcdraw.c)

File Contents

# Content
1 /* Copyright (c) 1995 Regents of the University of California */
2
3 #ifndef lint
4 static char SCCSid[] = "$SunId$ LBL";
5 #endif
6
7 /*
8 * rpict.c - routines and variables for picture generation.
9 */
10
11 #include "ray.h"
12
13 #include <sys/types.h>
14
15 #ifndef NIX
16 #ifdef BSD
17 #include <sys/time.h>
18 #include <sys/resource.h>
19 #else
20 #include <sys/times.h>
21 #include <unistd.h>
22 #endif
23 #endif
24
25 extern time_t time();
26
27 #include <signal.h>
28
29 #include "view.h"
30
31 #include "resolu.h"
32
33 #include "random.h"
34
35 #include "paths.h"
36
37 #define RFTEMPLATE "rfXXXXXX"
38
39 #ifndef SIGCONT
40 #define SIGCONT SIGIO
41 #endif
42
43 int dimlist[MAXDIM]; /* sampling dimensions */
44 int ndims = 0; /* number of sampling dimensions */
45 int samplendx; /* sample index number */
46
47 VIEW ourview = STDVIEW; /* view parameters */
48 int hresolu = 512; /* horizontal resolution */
49 int vresolu = 512; /* vertical resolution */
50 double pixaspect = 1.0; /* pixel aspect ratio */
51
52 int psample = 4; /* pixel sample size */
53 double maxdiff = .05; /* max. difference for interpolation */
54 double dstrpix = 0.67; /* square pixel distribution */
55
56 double dstrsrc = 0.0; /* square source distribution */
57 double shadthresh = .05; /* shadow threshold */
58 double shadcert = .5; /* shadow certainty */
59 int directrelay = 1; /* number of source relays */
60 int vspretest = 512; /* virtual source pretest density */
61 int directvis = 1; /* sources visible? */
62 double srcsizerat = .25; /* maximum ratio source size/dist. */
63
64 COLOR cextinction = BLKCOLOR; /* global extinction coefficient */
65 double salbedo = 0.; /* global scattering albedo */
66 double seccg = 0.; /* global scattering eccentricity */
67 double ssampdist = 0.; /* scatter sampling distance */
68
69 double specthresh = .15; /* specular sampling threshold */
70 double specjitter = 1.; /* specular sampling jitter */
71
72 int backvis = 1; /* back face visibility */
73
74 int maxdepth = 6; /* maximum recursion depth */
75 double minweight = 5e-3; /* minimum ray weight */
76
77 COLOR ambval = BLKCOLOR; /* ambient value */
78 int ambvwt = 0; /* initial weight for ambient value */
79 double ambacc = 0.2; /* ambient accuracy */
80 int ambres = 32; /* ambient resolution */
81 int ambdiv = 128; /* ambient divisions */
82 int ambssamp = 0; /* ambient super-samples */
83 int ambounce = 0; /* ambient bounces */
84 char *amblist[128]; /* ambient include/exclude list */
85 int ambincl = -1; /* include == 1, exclude == 0 */
86
87 #ifdef MSDOS
88 int ralrm = 60; /* seconds between reports */
89 #else
90 int ralrm = 0; /* seconds between reports */
91 #endif
92
93 double pctdone = 0.0; /* percentage done */
94
95 time_t tlastrept = 0L; /* time at last report */
96
97 extern time_t tstart; /* starting time */
98
99 extern unsigned long nrays; /* number of rays traced */
100
101 #define MAXDIV 16 /* maximum sample size */
102
103 #define pixjitter() (.5+dstrpix*(.5-frandom()))
104
105 static int hres, vres; /* resolution for this frame */
106
107 extern char *mktemp();
108
109 double pixvalue();
110
111 #ifdef NIX
112 #define file_exists(f) (access(f,F_OK)==0)
113 #else
114 #include <sys/types.h>
115 #include <sys/stat.h>
116 int
117 file_exists(fname) /* ordinary file exists? */
118 char *fname;
119 {
120 struct stat sbuf;
121 if (stat(fname, &sbuf) < 0) return(0);
122 return((sbuf.st_mode & S_IFREG) != 0);
123 }
124 #endif
125
126
127 quit(code) /* quit program */
128 int code;
129 {
130 if (code) /* report status */
131 report();
132 headclean(); /* delete header file */
133 pfclean(); /* clean up persist files */
134 exit(code);
135 }
136
137
138 #ifndef NIX
139 report() /* report progress */
140 {
141 extern char *myhostname();
142 double u, s;
143 #ifdef BSD
144 struct rusage rubuf;
145 #else
146 struct tms tbuf;
147 double period;
148 #endif
149
150 tlastrept = time((time_t *)NULL);
151 #ifdef BSD
152 getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &rubuf);
153 u = rubuf.ru_utime.tv_sec + rubuf.ru_utime.tv_usec/1e6;
154 s = rubuf.ru_stime.tv_sec + rubuf.ru_stime.tv_usec/1e6;
155 getrusage(RUSAGE_CHILDREN, &rubuf);
156 u += rubuf.ru_utime.tv_sec + rubuf.ru_utime.tv_usec/1e6;
157 s += rubuf.ru_stime.tv_sec + rubuf.ru_stime.tv_usec/1e6;
158 #else
159 times(&tbuf);
160 #ifdef _SC_CLK_TCK
161 period = 1.0 / sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
162 #else
163 period = 1.0 / 60.0;
164 #endif
165 u = ( tbuf.tms_utime + tbuf.tms_cutime ) * period;
166 s = ( tbuf.tms_stime + tbuf.tms_cstime ) * period;
167 #endif
168
169 sprintf(errmsg,
170 "%lu rays, %4.2f%% after %.3fu %.3fs %.3fr hours on %s\n",
171 nrays, pctdone, u/3600., s/3600.,
172 (tlastrept-tstart)/3600., myhostname());
173 eputs(errmsg);
174 #ifndef BSD
175 signal(SIGCONT, report);
176 #endif
177 }
178 #else
179 report() /* report progress */
180 {
181 tlastrept = time((time_t *)NULL);
182 sprintf(errmsg, "%lu rays, %4.2f%% after %5.4f hours\n",
183 nrays, pctdone, (tlastrept-tstart)/3600.0);
184 eputs(errmsg);
185 }
186 #endif
187
188
189 rpict(seq, pout, zout, prvr) /* generate image(s) */
190 int seq;
191 char *pout, *zout, *prvr;
192 /*
193 * If seq is greater than zero, then we will render a sequence of
194 * images based on view parameter strings read from the standard input.
195 * If pout is NULL, then all images will be sent to the standard ouput.
196 * If seq is greater than zero and prvr is an integer, then it is the
197 * frame number at which rendering should begin. Preceeding view parameter
198 * strings will be skipped in the input.
199 * If pout and prvr are the same, prvr is renamed to avoid overwriting.
200 * Note that pout and zout should contain %d format specifications for
201 * sequenced file naming.
202 */
203 {
204 extern char *rindex(), *strncpy(), *strcat(), *strcpy();
205 char fbuf[128], fbuf2[128];
206 int npicts;
207 register char *cp;
208 RESOLU rs;
209 double pa;
210 /* check sampling */
211 if (psample < 1)
212 psample = 1;
213 else if (psample > MAXDIV) {
214 sprintf(errmsg, "pixel sampling reduced from %d to %d",
215 psample, MAXDIV);
216 error(WARNING, errmsg);
217 psample = MAXDIV;
218 }
219 /* get starting frame */
220 if (seq <= 0)
221 seq = 0;
222 else if (prvr != NULL && isint(prvr)) {
223 register int rn; /* skip to specified view */
224 if ((rn = atoi(prvr)) < seq)
225 error(USER, "recover frame less than start frame");
226 if (pout == NULL)
227 error(USER, "missing output file specification");
228 for ( ; seq < rn; seq++)
229 if (nextview(stdin) == EOF)
230 error(USER, "unexpected EOF on view input");
231 prvr = fbuf; /* mark for renaming */
232 }
233 if (pout != NULL & prvr != NULL) {
234 sprintf(fbuf, pout, seq);
235 if (!strcmp(prvr, fbuf)) { /* rename */
236 strcpy(fbuf2, fbuf);
237 for (cp = fbuf2; *cp; cp++)
238 ;
239 while (cp > fbuf2 && !ISDIRSEP(cp[-1]))
240 cp--;
241 strcpy(cp, RFTEMPLATE);
242 prvr = mktemp(fbuf2);
243 if (rename(fbuf, prvr) < 0)
244 if (errno == ENOENT) { /* ghost file */
245 sprintf(errmsg,
246 "new output file \"%s\"",
247 fbuf);
248 error(WARNING, errmsg);
249 prvr = NULL;
250 } else { /* serious error */
251 sprintf(errmsg,
252 "cannot rename \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
253 fbuf, prvr);
254 error(SYSTEM, errmsg);
255 }
256 }
257 }
258 npicts = 0; /* render sequence */
259 do {
260 if (seq && nextview(stdin) == EOF)
261 break;
262 pctdone = 0.0;
263 if (pout != NULL) {
264 sprintf(fbuf, pout, seq);
265 if (file_exists(fbuf)) {
266 if (prvr != NULL || !strcmp(fbuf, pout)) {
267 sprintf(errmsg,
268 "output file \"%s\" exists",
269 fbuf);
270 error(USER, errmsg);
271 }
272 continue; /* don't clobber */
273 }
274 if (freopen(fbuf, "w", stdout) == NULL) {
275 sprintf(errmsg,
276 "cannot open output file \"%s\"", fbuf);
277 error(SYSTEM, errmsg);
278 }
279 #ifdef MSDOS
280 setmode(fileno(stdout), O_BINARY);
281 #endif
282 dupheader();
283 }
284 hres = hresolu; vres = vresolu; pa = pixaspect;
285 if (prvr != NULL)
286 if (viewfile(prvr, &ourview, &rs) <= 0
287 || rs.or != PIXSTANDARD) {
288 sprintf(errmsg,
289 "cannot recover view parameters from \"%s\"", prvr);
290 error(WARNING, errmsg);
291 } else {
292 pa = 0.0;
293 hres = scanlen(&rs);
294 vres = numscans(&rs);
295 }
296 if ((cp = setview(&ourview)) != NULL)
297 error(USER, cp);
298 normaspect(viewaspect(&ourview), &pa, &hres, &vres);
299 if (seq) {
300 if (ralrm > 0) {
301 fprintf(stderr, "FRAME %d:", seq);
302 fprintview(&ourview, stderr);
303 putc('\n', stderr);
304 fflush(stderr);
305 }
306 printf("FRAME=%d\n", seq);
307 }
308 fputs(VIEWSTR, stdout);
309 fprintview(&ourview, stdout);
310 putchar('\n');
311 if (pa < .99 || pa > 1.01)
312 fputaspect(pa, stdout);
313 fputformat(COLRFMT, stdout);
314 putchar('\n');
315 if (zout != NULL)
316 sprintf(cp=fbuf, zout, seq);
317 else
318 cp = NULL;
319 render(cp, prvr);
320 prvr = NULL;
321 npicts++;
322 } while (seq++);
323 /* check that we did something */
324 if (npicts == 0)
325 error(WARNING, "no output produced");
326 }
327
328
329 nextview(fp) /* get next view from fp */
330 FILE *fp;
331 {
332 char linebuf[256];
333
334 while (fgets(linebuf, sizeof(linebuf), fp) != NULL)
335 if (isview(linebuf) && sscanview(&ourview, linebuf) > 0)
336 return(0);
337 return(EOF);
338 }
339
340
341 render(zfile, oldfile) /* render the scene */
342 char *zfile, *oldfile;
343 {
344 extern long lseek();
345 COLOR *scanbar[MAXDIV+1]; /* scanline arrays of pixel values */
346 float *zbar[MAXDIV+1]; /* z values */
347 char *sampdens; /* previous sample density */
348 int ypos; /* current scanline */
349 int ystep; /* current y step size */
350 int hstep; /* h step size */
351 int zfd;
352 COLOR *colptr;
353 float *zptr;
354 register int i;
355 /* allocate scanlines */
356 for (i = 0; i <= psample; i++) {
357 scanbar[i] = (COLOR *)malloc(hres*sizeof(COLOR));
358 if (scanbar[i] == NULL)
359 goto memerr;
360 }
361 hstep = (psample*140+49)/99; /* quincunx sampling */
362 ystep = (psample*99+70)/140;
363 if (hstep > 2) {
364 i = hres/hstep + 2;
365 if ((sampdens = malloc(i)) == NULL)
366 goto memerr;
367 while (i--)
368 sampdens[i] = hstep;
369 } else
370 sampdens = NULL;
371 /* open z-file */
372 if (zfile != NULL) {
373 if ((zfd = open(zfile, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0666)) == -1) {
374 sprintf(errmsg, "cannot open z-file \"%s\"", zfile);
375 error(SYSTEM, errmsg);
376 }
377 #ifdef MSDOS
378 setmode(zfd, O_BINARY);
379 #endif
380 for (i = 0; i <= psample; i++) {
381 zbar[i] = (float *)malloc(hres*sizeof(float));
382 if (zbar[i] == NULL)
383 goto memerr;
384 }
385 } else {
386 zfd = -1;
387 for (i = 0; i <= psample; i++)
388 zbar[i] = NULL;
389 }
390 /* write out boundaries */
391 fprtresolu(hres, vres, stdout);
392 /* recover file and compute first */
393 i = salvage(oldfile);
394 if (i >= vres)
395 goto alldone;
396 if (zfd != -1 && i > 0 &&
397 lseek(zfd, (long)i*hres*sizeof(float), 0) == -1)
398 error(SYSTEM, "z-file seek error in render");
399 pctdone = 100.0*i/vres;
400 if (ralrm > 0) /* report init stats */
401 report();
402 #ifndef BSD
403 else
404 #endif
405 signal(SIGCONT, report);
406 ypos = vres-1 - i;
407 fillscanline(scanbar[0], zbar[0], sampdens, hres, ypos, hstep);
408 /* compute scanlines */
409 for (ypos -= ystep; ypos > -ystep; ypos -= ystep) {
410 /* bottom adjust? */
411 if (ypos < 0) {
412 ystep += ypos;
413 ypos = 0;
414 }
415 colptr = scanbar[ystep]; /* move base to top */
416 scanbar[ystep] = scanbar[0];
417 scanbar[0] = colptr;
418 zptr = zbar[ystep];
419 zbar[ystep] = zbar[0];
420 zbar[0] = zptr;
421 /* fill base line */
422 fillscanline(scanbar[0], zbar[0], sampdens,
423 hres, ypos, hstep);
424 /* fill bar */
425 fillscanbar(scanbar, zbar, hres, ypos, ystep);
426 /* add bitty sources */
427 drawsources(&ourview, hres, vres, scanbar, zbar,
428 0, hres, ypos, ystep, psample);
429 /* write it out */
430 #ifndef BSD
431 signal(SIGCONT, SIG_IGN); /* don't interrupt writes */
432 #endif
433 for (i = ystep; i > 0; i--) {
434 if (zfd != -1 && write(zfd, (char *)zbar[i],
435 hres*sizeof(float))
436 < hres*sizeof(float))
437 goto writerr;
438 if (fwritescan(scanbar[i], hres, stdout) < 0)
439 goto writerr;
440 }
441 if (fflush(stdout) == EOF)
442 goto writerr;
443 /* record progress */
444 pctdone = 100.0*(vres-1-ypos)/vres;
445 if (ralrm > 0 && time((time_t *)NULL) >= tlastrept+ralrm)
446 report();
447 #ifndef BSD
448 else
449 signal(SIGCONT, report);
450 #endif
451 }
452 /* clean up */
453 signal(SIGCONT, SIG_IGN);
454 if (zfd != -1 && write(zfd, (char *)zbar[0], hres*sizeof(float))
455 < hres*sizeof(float))
456 goto writerr;
457 fwritescan(scanbar[0], hres, stdout);
458 if (fflush(stdout) == EOF)
459 goto writerr;
460 alldone:
461 if (zfd != -1) {
462 if (close(zfd) == -1)
463 goto writerr;
464 for (i = 0; i <= psample; i++)
465 free((char *)zbar[i]);
466 }
467 for (i = 0; i <= psample; i++)
468 free((char *)scanbar[i]);
469 if (sampdens != NULL)
470 free(sampdens);
471 pctdone = 100.0;
472 if (ralrm > 0)
473 report();
474 signal(SIGCONT, SIG_DFL);
475 return;
476 writerr:
477 error(SYSTEM, "write error in render");
478 memerr:
479 error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in render");
480 }
481
482
483 fillscanline(scanline, zline, sd, xres, y, xstep) /* fill scan at y */
484 register COLOR *scanline;
485 register float *zline;
486 register char *sd;
487 int xres, y, xstep;
488 {
489 static int nc = 0; /* number of calls */
490 int bl = xstep, b = xstep;
491 double z;
492 register int i;
493
494 z = pixvalue(scanline[0], 0, y);
495 if (zline) zline[0] = z;
496 /* zig-zag start for quincunx pattern */
497 for (i = ++nc & 1 ? xstep : xstep/2; i < xres-1+xstep; i += xstep) {
498 if (i >= xres) {
499 xstep += xres-1-i;
500 i = xres-1;
501 }
502 z = pixvalue(scanline[i], i, y);
503 if (zline) zline[i] = z;
504 if (sd) b = sd[0] > sd[1] ? sd[0] : sd[1];
505 if (i <= xstep)
506 b = fillsample(scanline, zline, 0, y, i, 0, b/2);
507 else
508 b = fillsample(scanline+i-xstep,
509 zline ? zline+i-xstep : (float *)NULL,
510 i-xstep, y, xstep, 0, b/2);
511 if (sd) *sd++ = nc & 1 ? bl : b;
512 bl = b;
513 }
514 if (sd && nc & 1) *sd = bl;
515 }
516
517
518 fillscanbar(scanbar, zbar, xres, y, ysize) /* fill interior */
519 register COLOR *scanbar[];
520 register float *zbar[];
521 int xres, y, ysize;
522 {
523 COLOR vline[MAXDIV+1];
524 float zline[MAXDIV+1];
525 int b = ysize;
526 register int i, j;
527
528 for (i = 0; i < xres; i++) {
529 copycolor(vline[0], scanbar[0][i]);
530 copycolor(vline[ysize], scanbar[ysize][i]);
531 if (zbar[0]) {
532 zline[0] = zbar[0][i];
533 zline[ysize] = zbar[ysize][i];
534 }
535 b = fillsample(vline, zbar[0] ? zline : (float *)NULL,
536 i, y, 0, ysize, b/2);
537
538 for (j = 1; j < ysize; j++)
539 copycolor(scanbar[j][i], vline[j]);
540 if (zbar[0])
541 for (j = 1; j < ysize; j++)
542 zbar[j][i] = zline[j];
543 }
544 }
545
546
547 int
548 fillsample(colline, zline, x, y, xlen, ylen, b) /* fill interior points */
549 register COLOR *colline;
550 register float *zline;
551 int x, y;
552 int xlen, ylen;
553 int b;
554 {
555 double ratio;
556 double z;
557 COLOR ctmp;
558 int ncut;
559 register int len;
560
561 if (xlen > 0) /* x or y length is zero */
562 len = xlen;
563 else
564 len = ylen;
565
566 if (len <= 1) /* limit recursion */
567 return(0);
568
569 if (b > 0 ||
570 (zline && 2.*fabs(zline[0]-zline[len]) > maxdiff*(zline[0]+zline[len]))
571 || bigdiff(colline[0], colline[len], maxdiff)) {
572
573 z = pixvalue(colline[len>>1], x + (xlen>>1), y + (ylen>>1));
574 if (zline) zline[len>>1] = z;
575 ncut = 1;
576 } else { /* interpolate */
577 copycolor(colline[len>>1], colline[len]);
578 ratio = (double)(len>>1) / len;
579 scalecolor(colline[len>>1], ratio);
580 if (zline) zline[len>>1] = zline[len] * ratio;
581 ratio = 1.0 - ratio;
582 copycolor(ctmp, colline[0]);
583 scalecolor(ctmp, ratio);
584 addcolor(colline[len>>1], ctmp);
585 if (zline) zline[len>>1] += zline[0] * ratio;
586 ncut = 0;
587 }
588 /* recurse */
589 ncut += fillsample(colline, zline, x, y, xlen>>1, ylen>>1, (b-1)/2);
590
591 ncut += fillsample(colline+(len>>1),
592 zline ? zline+(len>>1) : (float *)NULL,
593 x+(xlen>>1), y+(ylen>>1),
594 xlen-(xlen>>1), ylen-(ylen>>1), b/2);
595
596 return(ncut);
597 }
598
599
600 double
601 pixvalue(col, x, y) /* compute pixel value */
602 COLOR col; /* returned color */
603 int x, y; /* pixel position */
604 {
605 static RAY thisray;
606
607 if ((thisray.rmax = viewray(thisray.rorg, thisray.rdir, &ourview,
608 (x+pixjitter())/hres, (y+pixjitter())/vres)) < -FTINY) {
609 setcolor(col, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
610 return(0.0);
611 }
612
613 rayorigin(&thisray, NULL, PRIMARY, 1.0);
614
615 samplendx = pixnumber(x,y,hres,vres); /* set pixel index */
616
617 rayvalue(&thisray); /* trace ray */
618
619 copycolor(col, thisray.rcol); /* return color */
620
621 return(thisray.rt); /* return distance */
622 }
623
624
625 int
626 salvage(oldfile) /* salvage scanlines from killed program */
627 char *oldfile;
628 {
629 COLR *scanline;
630 FILE *fp;
631 int x, y;
632
633 if (oldfile == NULL)
634 goto gotzip;
635
636 if ((fp = fopen(oldfile, "r")) == NULL) {
637 sprintf(errmsg, "cannot open recover file \"%s\"", oldfile);
638 error(WARNING, errmsg);
639 goto gotzip;
640 }
641 #ifdef MSDOS
642 setmode(fileno(fp), O_BINARY);
643 #endif
644 /* discard header */
645 getheader(fp, NULL, NULL);
646 /* get picture size */
647 if (!fscnresolu(&x, &y, fp)) {
648 sprintf(errmsg, "bad recover file \"%s\" - not removed",
649 oldfile);
650 error(WARNING, errmsg);
651 fclose(fp);
652 goto gotzip;
653 }
654
655 if (x != hres || y != vres) {
656 sprintf(errmsg, "resolution mismatch in recover file \"%s\"",
657 oldfile);
658 error(USER, errmsg);
659 }
660
661 scanline = (COLR *)malloc(hres*sizeof(COLR));
662 if (scanline == NULL)
663 error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in salvage");
664 for (y = 0; y < vres; y++) {
665 if (freadcolrs(scanline, hres, fp) < 0)
666 break;
667 if (fwritecolrs(scanline, hres, stdout) < 0)
668 goto writerr;
669 }
670 if (fflush(stdout) == EOF)
671 goto writerr;
672 free((char *)scanline);
673 fclose(fp);
674 unlink(oldfile);
675 return(y);
676 gotzip:
677 if (fflush(stdout) == EOF)
678 error(SYSTEM, "error writing picture header");
679 return(0);
680 writerr:
681 sprintf(errmsg, "write error during recovery of \"%s\"", oldfile);
682 error(SYSTEM, errmsg);
683 }
684
685
686 int
687 pixnumber(x, y, xres, yres) /* compute pixel index (brushed) */
688 register int x, y;
689 int xres, yres;
690 {
691 x -= y;
692 while (x < 0)
693 x += xres;
694 return((((x>>2)*yres + y) << 2) + (x & 3));
695 }