ViewVC Help
View File | Revision Log | Show Annotations | Download File | Root Listing
root/radiance/ray/src/rt/raytrace.c
Revision: 2.50
Committed: Thu May 26 06:55:22 2005 UTC (18 years, 11 months ago) by greg
Content type: text/plain
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 2.49: +4 -2 lines
Log Message:
Got rtcontrib working and wrote basic man page

File Contents

# Content
1 #ifndef lint
2 static const char RCSid[] = "$Id: raytrace.c,v 2.49 2005/04/19 01:15:06 greg Exp $";
3 #endif
4 /*
5 * raytrace.c - routines for tracing and shading rays.
6 *
7 * External symbols declared in ray.h
8 */
9
10 #include "copyright.h"
11
12 #include "ray.h"
13 #include "source.h"
14 #include "otypes.h"
15 #include "otspecial.h"
16
17 #define MAXCSET ((MAXSET+1)*2-1) /* maximum check set size */
18
19 unsigned long raynum = 0; /* next unique ray number */
20 unsigned long nrays = 0; /* number of calls to localhit */
21
22 static RREAL Lambfa[5] = {PI, PI, PI, 0.0, 0.0};
23 OBJREC Lamb = {
24 OVOID, MAT_PLASTIC, "Lambertian",
25 {0, 5, NULL, Lambfa}, NULL,
26 }; /* a Lambertian surface */
27
28 OBJREC Aftplane; /* aft clipping plane object */
29
30 #define RAYHIT (-1) /* return value for intercepted ray */
31
32 static int raymove(FVECT pos, OBJECT *cxs, int dirf, RAY *r, CUBE *cu);
33 static int checkhit(RAY *r, CUBE *cu, OBJECT *cxs);
34 static void checkset(OBJECT *os, OBJECT *cs);
35
36
37 extern int
38 rayorigin( /* start new ray from old one */
39 RAY *r,
40 int rt,
41 const RAY *ro,
42 const COLOR rc
43 )
44 {
45 double rw, re;
46 /* assign coefficient/weight */
47 if (rc == NULL) {
48 rw = 1.0;
49 setcolor(r->rcoef, 1., 1., 1.);
50 } else {
51 rw = intens(rc);
52 if (rc != r->rcoef)
53 copycolor(r->rcoef, rc);
54 }
55 if ((r->parent = ro) == NULL) { /* primary ray */
56 r->rlvl = 0;
57 r->rweight = rw;
58 r->crtype = r->rtype = rt;
59 r->rsrc = -1;
60 r->clipset = NULL;
61 r->revf = raytrace;
62 copycolor(r->cext, cextinction);
63 copycolor(r->albedo, salbedo);
64 r->gecc = seccg;
65 r->slights = NULL;
66 } else { /* spawned ray */
67 if (ro->rot >= FHUGE) {
68 memset(r, 0, sizeof(RAY));
69 return(-1); /* illegal continuation */
70 }
71 r->rlvl = ro->rlvl;
72 if (rt & RAYREFL) {
73 r->rlvl++;
74 r->rsrc = -1;
75 r->clipset = ro->clipset;
76 r->rmax = 0.0;
77 } else {
78 r->rsrc = ro->rsrc;
79 r->clipset = ro->newcset;
80 r->rmax = ro->rmax <= FTINY ? 0.0 : ro->rmax - ro->rot;
81 }
82 r->revf = ro->revf;
83 copycolor(r->cext, ro->cext);
84 copycolor(r->albedo, ro->albedo);
85 r->gecc = ro->gecc;
86 r->slights = ro->slights;
87 r->crtype = ro->crtype | (r->rtype = rt);
88 VCOPY(r->rorg, ro->rop);
89 r->rweight = ro->rweight * rw;
90 /* estimate extinction */
91 re = colval(ro->cext,RED) < colval(ro->cext,GRN) ?
92 colval(ro->cext,RED) : colval(ro->cext,GRN);
93 if (colval(ro->cext,BLU) < re) re = colval(ro->cext,BLU);
94 re *= ro->rot;
95 if (re > .1)
96 r->rweight *= exp(-re);
97 }
98 rayclear(r);
99 return(r->rlvl <= maxdepth && r->rweight >= minweight ? 0 : -1);
100 }
101
102
103 extern void
104 rayclear( /* clear a ray for (re)evaluation */
105 register RAY *r
106 )
107 {
108 r->rno = raynum++;
109 r->newcset = r->clipset;
110 r->hitf = rayhit;
111 r->robj = OVOID;
112 r->ro = NULL;
113 r->rox = NULL;
114 r->rt = r->rot = FHUGE;
115 r->pert[0] = r->pert[1] = r->pert[2] = 0.0;
116 r->uv[0] = r->uv[1] = 0.0;
117 setcolor(r->pcol, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
118 setcolor(r->rcol, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
119 }
120
121
122 extern void
123 raytrace( /* trace a ray and compute its value */
124 RAY *r
125 )
126 {
127 if (localhit(r, &thescene))
128 raycont(r); /* hit local surface, evaluate */
129 else if (r->ro == &Aftplane) {
130 r->ro = NULL; /* hit aft clipping plane */
131 r->rot = FHUGE;
132 } else if (sourcehit(r))
133 rayshade(r, r->ro->omod); /* distant source */
134
135 if (trace != NULL)
136 (*trace)(r); /* trace execution */
137
138 rayparticipate(r); /* for participating medium */
139 }
140
141
142 extern void
143 raycont( /* check for clipped object and continue */
144 register RAY *r
145 )
146 {
147 if ((r->clipset != NULL && inset(r->clipset, r->ro->omod)) ||
148 !rayshade(r, r->ro->omod))
149 raytrans(r);
150 }
151
152
153 extern void
154 raytrans( /* transmit ray as is */
155 register RAY *r
156 )
157 {
158 RAY tr;
159
160 if (rayorigin(&tr, TRANS, r, NULL) == 0) {
161 VCOPY(tr.rdir, r->rdir);
162 rayvalue(&tr);
163 copycolor(r->rcol, tr.rcol);
164 r->rt = r->rot + tr.rt;
165 }
166 }
167
168
169 extern int
170 rayshade( /* shade ray r with material mod */
171 register RAY *r,
172 int mod
173 )
174 {
175 register OBJREC *m;
176
177 r->rt = r->rot; /* set effective ray length */
178 for ( ; mod != OVOID; mod = m->omod) {
179 m = objptr(mod);
180 /****** unnecessary test since modifier() is always called
181 if (!ismodifier(m->otype)) {
182 sprintf(errmsg, "illegal modifier \"%s\"", m->oname);
183 error(USER, errmsg);
184 }
185 ******/
186 /* hack for irradiance calculation */
187 if (do_irrad && !(r->crtype & ~(PRIMARY|TRANS)) &&
188 m->otype != MAT_CLIP &&
189 (ofun[m->otype].flags & (T_M|T_X))) {
190 if (irr_ignore(m->otype)) {
191 raytrans(r);
192 return(1);
193 }
194 if (!islight(m->otype))
195 m = &Lamb;
196 }
197 if ((*ofun[m->otype].funp)(m, r))
198 return(1); /* materials call raytexture() */
199 }
200 return(0); /* no material! */
201 }
202
203
204 extern void
205 rayparticipate( /* compute ray medium participation */
206 register RAY *r
207 )
208 {
209 COLOR ce, ca;
210 double re, ge, be;
211
212 if (intens(r->cext) <= 1./FHUGE)
213 return; /* no medium */
214 re = r->rot*colval(r->cext,RED);
215 ge = r->rot*colval(r->cext,GRN);
216 be = r->rot*colval(r->cext,BLU);
217 if (r->crtype & SHADOW) { /* no scattering for sources */
218 re *= 1. - colval(r->albedo,RED);
219 ge *= 1. - colval(r->albedo,GRN);
220 be *= 1. - colval(r->albedo,BLU);
221 }
222 setcolor(ce, re<=FTINY ? 1. : re>92. ? 0. : exp(-re),
223 ge<=FTINY ? 1. : ge>92. ? 0. : exp(-ge),
224 be<=FTINY ? 1. : be>92. ? 0. : exp(-be));
225 multcolor(r->rcol, ce); /* path extinction */
226 if (r->crtype & SHADOW || intens(r->albedo) <= FTINY)
227 return; /* no scattering */
228 setcolor(ca,
229 colval(r->albedo,RED)*colval(ambval,RED)*(1.-colval(ce,RED)),
230 colval(r->albedo,GRN)*colval(ambval,GRN)*(1.-colval(ce,GRN)),
231 colval(r->albedo,BLU)*colval(ambval,BLU)*(1.-colval(ce,BLU)));
232 addcolor(r->rcol, ca); /* ambient in scattering */
233 srcscatter(r); /* source in scattering */
234 }
235
236
237 extern void
238 raytexture( /* get material modifiers */
239 RAY *r,
240 OBJECT mod
241 )
242 {
243 register OBJREC *m;
244 /* execute textures and patterns */
245 for ( ; mod != OVOID; mod = m->omod) {
246 m = objptr(mod);
247 /****** unnecessary test since modifier() is always called
248 if (!ismodifier(m->otype)) {
249 sprintf(errmsg, "illegal modifier \"%s\"", m->oname);
250 error(USER, errmsg);
251 }
252 ******/
253 if ((*ofun[m->otype].funp)(m, r)) {
254 sprintf(errmsg, "conflicting material \"%s\"",
255 m->oname);
256 objerror(r->ro, USER, errmsg);
257 }
258 }
259 }
260
261
262 extern int
263 raymixture( /* mix modifiers */
264 register RAY *r,
265 OBJECT fore,
266 OBJECT back,
267 double coef
268 )
269 {
270 RAY fr, br;
271 int foremat, backmat;
272 register int i;
273 /* bound coefficient */
274 if (coef > 1.0)
275 coef = 1.0;
276 else if (coef < 0.0)
277 coef = 0.0;
278 /* compute foreground and background */
279 foremat = backmat = 0;
280 /* foreground */
281 fr = *r;
282 if (coef > FTINY)
283 foremat = rayshade(&fr, fore);
284 /* background */
285 br = *r;
286 if (coef < 1.0-FTINY)
287 backmat = rayshade(&br, back);
288 /* check for transparency */
289 if (backmat ^ foremat) {
290 if (backmat && coef > FTINY)
291 raytrans(&fr);
292 else if (foremat && coef < 1.0-FTINY)
293 raytrans(&br);
294 }
295 /* mix perturbations */
296 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
297 r->pert[i] = coef*fr.pert[i] + (1.0-coef)*br.pert[i];
298 /* mix pattern colors */
299 scalecolor(fr.pcol, coef);
300 scalecolor(br.pcol, 1.0-coef);
301 copycolor(r->pcol, fr.pcol);
302 addcolor(r->pcol, br.pcol);
303 /* return value tells if material */
304 if (!foremat & !backmat)
305 return(0);
306 /* mix returned ray values */
307 scalecolor(fr.rcol, coef);
308 scalecolor(br.rcol, 1.0-coef);
309 copycolor(r->rcol, fr.rcol);
310 addcolor(r->rcol, br.rcol);
311 r->rt = bright(fr.rcol) > bright(br.rcol) ? fr.rt : br.rt;
312 return(1);
313 }
314
315
316 extern double
317 raydist( /* compute (cumulative) ray distance */
318 register const RAY *r,
319 register int flags
320 )
321 {
322 double sum = 0.0;
323
324 while (r != NULL && r->crtype&flags) {
325 sum += r->rot;
326 r = r->parent;
327 }
328 return(sum);
329 }
330
331
332 extern void
333 raycontrib( /* compute (cumulative) ray contribution */
334 COLOR rc,
335 const RAY *r,
336 int flags
337 )
338 {
339 COLOR eext, ext1;
340
341 setcolor(eext, 0., 0., 0.);
342 setcolor(rc, 1., 1., 1.);
343
344 while (r != NULL && r->crtype&flags) {
345 multcolor(rc, r->rcoef);
346 copycolor(ext1, r->cext);
347 scalecolor(ext1, r->rot);
348 addcolor(eext, ext1);
349 r = r->parent;
350 }
351 if (intens(eext) > FTINY) {
352 setcolor(ext1, exp(-colval(eext,RED)),
353 exp(-colval(eext,GRN)),
354 exp(-colval(eext,BLU)));
355 multcolor(rc, ext1);
356 }
357 }
358
359
360 extern double
361 raynormal( /* compute perturbed normal for ray */
362 FVECT norm,
363 register RAY *r
364 )
365 {
366 double newdot;
367 register int i;
368
369 /* The perturbation is added to the surface normal to obtain
370 * the new normal. If the new normal would affect the surface
371 * orientation wrt. the ray, a correction is made. The method is
372 * still fraught with problems since reflected rays and similar
373 * directions calculated from the surface normal may spawn rays behind
374 * the surface. The only solution is to curb textures at high
375 * incidence (namely, keep DOT(rdir,pert) < Rdot).
376 */
377
378 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
379 norm[i] = r->ron[i] + r->pert[i];
380
381 if (normalize(norm) == 0.0) {
382 objerror(r->ro, WARNING, "illegal normal perturbation");
383 VCOPY(norm, r->ron);
384 return(r->rod);
385 }
386 newdot = -DOT(norm, r->rdir);
387 if ((newdot > 0.0) != (r->rod > 0.0)) { /* fix orientation */
388 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
389 norm[i] += 2.0*newdot*r->rdir[i];
390 newdot = -newdot;
391 }
392 return(newdot);
393 }
394
395
396 extern void
397 newrayxf( /* get new tranformation matrix for ray */
398 RAY *r
399 )
400 {
401 static struct xfn {
402 struct xfn *next;
403 FULLXF xf;
404 } xfseed = { &xfseed }, *xflast = &xfseed;
405 register struct xfn *xp;
406 register const RAY *rp;
407
408 /*
409 * Search for transform in circular list that
410 * has no associated ray in the tree.
411 */
412 xp = xflast;
413 for (rp = r->parent; rp != NULL; rp = rp->parent)
414 if (rp->rox == &xp->xf) { /* xp in use */
415 xp = xp->next; /* move to next */
416 if (xp == xflast) { /* need new one */
417 xp = (struct xfn *)malloc(sizeof(struct xfn));
418 if (xp == NULL)
419 error(SYSTEM,
420 "out of memory in newrayxf");
421 /* insert in list */
422 xp->next = xflast->next;
423 xflast->next = xp;
424 break; /* we're done */
425 }
426 rp = r; /* start check over */
427 }
428 /* got it */
429 r->rox = &xp->xf;
430 xflast = xp;
431 }
432
433
434 extern void
435 flipsurface( /* reverse surface orientation */
436 register RAY *r
437 )
438 {
439 r->rod = -r->rod;
440 r->ron[0] = -r->ron[0];
441 r->ron[1] = -r->ron[1];
442 r->ron[2] = -r->ron[2];
443 r->pert[0] = -r->pert[0];
444 r->pert[1] = -r->pert[1];
445 r->pert[2] = -r->pert[2];
446 }
447
448
449 extern void
450 rayhit( /* standard ray hit test */
451 OBJECT *oset,
452 RAY *r
453 )
454 {
455 OBJREC *o;
456 int i;
457
458 for (i = oset[0]; i > 0; i--) {
459 o = objptr(oset[i]);
460 if ((*ofun[o->otype].funp)(o, r))
461 r->robj = oset[i];
462 }
463 }
464
465
466 extern int
467 localhit( /* check for hit in the octree */
468 register RAY *r,
469 register CUBE *scene
470 )
471 {
472 OBJECT cxset[MAXCSET+1]; /* set of checked objects */
473 FVECT curpos; /* current cube position */
474 int sflags; /* sign flags */
475 double t, dt;
476 register int i;
477
478 nrays++; /* increment trace counter */
479 sflags = 0;
480 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
481 curpos[i] = r->rorg[i];
482 if (r->rdir[i] > 1e-7)
483 sflags |= 1 << i;
484 else if (r->rdir[i] < -1e-7)
485 sflags |= 0x10 << i;
486 }
487 if (sflags == 0)
488 error(CONSISTENCY, "zero ray direction in localhit");
489 /* start off assuming nothing hit */
490 if (r->rmax > FTINY) { /* except aft plane if one */
491 r->ro = &Aftplane;
492 r->rot = r->rmax;
493 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
494 r->rop[i] = r->rorg[i] + r->rot*r->rdir[i];
495 }
496 /* find global cube entrance point */
497 t = 0.0;
498 if (!incube(scene, curpos)) {
499 /* find distance to entry */
500 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
501 /* plane in our direction */
502 if (sflags & 1<<i)
503 dt = scene->cuorg[i];
504 else if (sflags & 0x10<<i)
505 dt = scene->cuorg[i] + scene->cusize;
506 else
507 continue;
508 /* distance to the plane */
509 dt = (dt - r->rorg[i])/r->rdir[i];
510 if (dt > t)
511 t = dt; /* farthest face is the one */
512 }
513 t += FTINY; /* fudge to get inside cube */
514 if (t >= r->rot) /* clipped already */
515 return(0);
516 /* advance position */
517 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
518 curpos[i] += r->rdir[i]*t;
519
520 if (!incube(scene, curpos)) /* non-intersecting ray */
521 return(0);
522 }
523 cxset[0] = 0;
524 raymove(curpos, cxset, sflags, r, scene);
525 return((r->ro != NULL) & (r->ro != &Aftplane));
526 }
527
528
529 static int
530 raymove( /* check for hit as we move */
531 FVECT pos, /* current position, modified herein */
532 OBJECT *cxs, /* checked objects, modified by checkhit */
533 int dirf, /* direction indicators to speed tests */
534 register RAY *r,
535 register CUBE *cu
536 )
537 {
538 int ax;
539 double dt, t;
540
541 if (istree(cu->cutree)) { /* recurse on subcubes */
542 CUBE cukid;
543 register int br, sgn;
544
545 cukid.cusize = cu->cusize * 0.5; /* find subcube */
546 VCOPY(cukid.cuorg, cu->cuorg);
547 br = 0;
548 if (pos[0] >= cukid.cuorg[0]+cukid.cusize) {
549 cukid.cuorg[0] += cukid.cusize;
550 br |= 1;
551 }
552 if (pos[1] >= cukid.cuorg[1]+cukid.cusize) {
553 cukid.cuorg[1] += cukid.cusize;
554 br |= 2;
555 }
556 if (pos[2] >= cukid.cuorg[2]+cukid.cusize) {
557 cukid.cuorg[2] += cukid.cusize;
558 br |= 4;
559 }
560 for ( ; ; ) {
561 cukid.cutree = octkid(cu->cutree, br);
562 if ((ax = raymove(pos,cxs,dirf,r,&cukid)) == RAYHIT)
563 return(RAYHIT);
564 sgn = 1 << ax;
565 if (sgn & dirf) /* positive axis? */
566 if (sgn & br)
567 return(ax); /* overflow */
568 else {
569 cukid.cuorg[ax] += cukid.cusize;
570 br |= sgn;
571 }
572 else
573 if (sgn & br) {
574 cukid.cuorg[ax] -= cukid.cusize;
575 br &= ~sgn;
576 } else
577 return(ax); /* underflow */
578 }
579 /*NOTREACHED*/
580 }
581 if (isfull(cu->cutree)) {
582 if (checkhit(r, cu, cxs))
583 return(RAYHIT);
584 } else if (r->ro == &Aftplane && incube(cu, r->rop))
585 return(RAYHIT);
586 /* advance to next cube */
587 if (dirf&0x11) {
588 dt = dirf&1 ? cu->cuorg[0] + cu->cusize : cu->cuorg[0];
589 t = (dt - pos[0])/r->rdir[0];
590 ax = 0;
591 } else
592 t = FHUGE;
593 if (dirf&0x22) {
594 dt = dirf&2 ? cu->cuorg[1] + cu->cusize : cu->cuorg[1];
595 dt = (dt - pos[1])/r->rdir[1];
596 if (dt < t) {
597 t = dt;
598 ax = 1;
599 }
600 }
601 if (dirf&0x44) {
602 dt = dirf&4 ? cu->cuorg[2] + cu->cusize : cu->cuorg[2];
603 dt = (dt - pos[2])/r->rdir[2];
604 if (dt < t) {
605 t = dt;
606 ax = 2;
607 }
608 }
609 pos[0] += r->rdir[0]*t;
610 pos[1] += r->rdir[1]*t;
611 pos[2] += r->rdir[2]*t;
612 return(ax);
613 }
614
615
616 static int
617 checkhit( /* check for hit in full cube */
618 register RAY *r,
619 CUBE *cu,
620 OBJECT *cxs
621 )
622 {
623 OBJECT oset[MAXSET+1];
624
625 objset(oset, cu->cutree);
626 checkset(oset, cxs); /* avoid double-checking */
627
628 (*r->hitf)(oset, r); /* test for hit in set */
629
630 if (r->robj == OVOID)
631 return(0); /* no scores yet */
632
633 return(incube(cu, r->rop)); /* hit OK if in current cube */
634 }
635
636
637 static void
638 checkset( /* modify checked set and set to check */
639 register OBJECT *os, /* os' = os - cs */
640 register OBJECT *cs /* cs' = cs + os */
641 )
642 {
643 OBJECT cset[MAXCSET+MAXSET+1];
644 register int i, j;
645 int k;
646 /* copy os in place, cset <- cs */
647 cset[0] = 0;
648 k = 0;
649 for (i = j = 1; i <= os[0]; i++) {
650 while (j <= cs[0] && cs[j] < os[i])
651 cset[++cset[0]] = cs[j++];
652 if (j > cs[0] || os[i] != cs[j]) { /* object to check */
653 os[++k] = os[i];
654 cset[++cset[0]] = os[i];
655 }
656 }
657 if (!(os[0] = k)) /* new "to check" set size */
658 return; /* special case */
659 while (j <= cs[0]) /* get the rest of cs */
660 cset[++cset[0]] = cs[j++];
661 if (cset[0] > MAXCSET) /* truncate "checked" set if nec. */
662 cset[0] = MAXCSET;
663 /* setcopy(cs, cset); */ /* copy cset back to cs */
664 os = cset;
665 for (i = os[0]; i-- >= 0; )
666 *cs++ = *os++;
667 }