| 1 | greg | 1.1 | #ifndef lint | 
| 2 | greg | 2.90 | static const char RCSid[] = "$Id: raytrace.c,v 2.89 2024/07/31 22:29:18 greg Exp $"; | 
| 3 | greg | 1.1 | #endif | 
| 4 |  |  | /* | 
| 5 |  |  | *  raytrace.c - routines for tracing and shading rays. | 
| 6 |  |  | * | 
| 7 | greg | 2.34 | *  External symbols declared in ray.h | 
| 8 |  |  | */ | 
| 9 |  |  |  | 
| 10 | greg | 2.35 | #include "copyright.h" | 
| 11 | greg | 1.1 |  | 
| 12 |  |  | #include  "ray.h" | 
| 13 | schorsch | 2.45 | #include  "source.h" | 
| 14 | greg | 1.1 | #include  "otypes.h" | 
| 15 | greg | 1.15 | #include  "otspecial.h" | 
| 16 | greg | 2.51 | #include  "random.h" | 
| 17 | greg | 2.66 | #include  "pmap.h" | 
| 18 | greg | 1.15 |  | 
| 19 | greg | 2.3 | #define  MAXCSET        ((MAXSET+1)*2-1)        /* maximum check set size */ | 
| 20 |  |  |  | 
| 21 | greg | 2.60 | RNUMBER  raynum = 0;            /* next unique ray number */ | 
| 22 |  |  | RNUMBER  nrays = 0;             /* number of calls to localhit */ | 
| 23 | greg | 1.1 |  | 
| 24 | schorsch | 2.40 | static RREAL  Lambfa[5] = {PI, PI, PI, 0.0, 0.0}; | 
| 25 | greg | 1.15 | OBJREC  Lamb = { | 
| 26 |  |  | OVOID, MAT_PLASTIC, "Lambertian", | 
| 27 | greg | 2.57 | {NULL, Lambfa, 0, 5}, NULL | 
| 28 | greg | 1.15 | };                                      /* a Lambertian surface */ | 
| 29 |  |  |  | 
| 30 | greg | 2.17 | OBJREC  Aftplane;                       /* aft clipping plane object */ | 
| 31 | greg | 2.16 |  | 
| 32 | schorsch | 2.45 | #define  RAYHIT         (-1)            /* return value for intercepted ray */ | 
| 33 | greg | 2.5 |  | 
| 34 | schorsch | 2.45 | static int raymove(FVECT  pos, OBJECT  *cxs, int  dirf, RAY  *r, CUBE  *cu); | 
| 35 |  |  | static int checkhit(RAY  *r, CUBE  *cu, OBJECT  *cxs); | 
| 36 |  |  | static void checkset(OBJECT  *os, OBJECT  *cs); | 
| 37 | greg | 1.1 |  | 
| 38 |  |  |  | 
| 39 | greg | 2.65 | int | 
| 40 | schorsch | 2.45 | rayorigin(              /* start new ray from old one */ | 
| 41 | greg | 2.49 | RAY  *r, | 
| 42 | schorsch | 2.45 | int  rt, | 
| 43 | greg | 2.49 | const RAY  *ro, | 
| 44 | greg | 2.88 | const SCOLOR rc | 
| 45 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 46 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 47 | greg | 2.49 | double  rw, re; | 
| 48 |  |  | /* assign coefficient/weight */ | 
| 49 |  |  | if (rc == NULL) { | 
| 50 |  |  | rw = 1.0; | 
| 51 | greg | 2.88 | setscolor(r->rcoef, 1., 1., 1.); | 
| 52 | greg | 2.49 | } else { | 
| 53 | greg | 2.89 | rw = sintens((COLORV *)rc); | 
| 54 | greg | 2.70 | if (rw > 1.0) | 
| 55 |  |  | rw = 1.0;               /* avoid calculation growth */ | 
| 56 | greg | 2.49 | if (rc != r->rcoef) | 
| 57 | greg | 2.88 | copyscolor(r->rcoef, rc); | 
| 58 | greg | 2.49 | } | 
| 59 | greg | 1.1 | if ((r->parent = ro) == NULL) {         /* primary ray */ | 
| 60 |  |  | r->rlvl = 0; | 
| 61 |  |  | r->rweight = rw; | 
| 62 |  |  | r->crtype = r->rtype = rt; | 
| 63 |  |  | r->rsrc = -1; | 
| 64 | greg | 2.90 | #ifdef SSKIPOPT | 
| 65 |  |  | r->scorr = 1.f; | 
| 66 |  |  | #endif | 
| 67 | greg | 1.1 | r->clipset = NULL; | 
| 68 | greg | 2.50 | r->revf = raytrace; | 
| 69 | greg | 2.23 | copycolor(r->cext, cextinction); | 
| 70 | greg | 2.26 | copycolor(r->albedo, salbedo); | 
| 71 | greg | 2.23 | r->gecc = seccg; | 
| 72 |  |  | r->slights = NULL; | 
| 73 | greg | 1.1 | } else {                                /* spawned ray */ | 
| 74 | greg | 2.80 | if (ro->rot >= FHUGE*.99) { | 
| 75 | greg | 2.49 | memset(r, 0, sizeof(RAY)); | 
| 76 |  |  | return(-1);             /* illegal continuation */ | 
| 77 |  |  | } | 
| 78 | greg | 1.1 | r->rlvl = ro->rlvl; | 
| 79 | greg | 2.90 | r->rsrc = ro->rsrc; | 
| 80 |  |  | #ifdef SSKIPOPT | 
| 81 |  |  | r->scorr = ro->scorr; | 
| 82 |  |  | #endif | 
| 83 | greg | 1.1 | if (rt & RAYREFL) { | 
| 84 |  |  | r->rlvl++; | 
| 85 | greg | 2.90 | if (r->rsrc >= 0)       /* malfunctioning material? */ | 
| 86 |  |  | r->rsrc = -1; | 
| 87 | greg | 1.1 | r->clipset = ro->clipset; | 
| 88 | greg | 2.22 | r->rmax = 0.0; | 
| 89 | greg | 1.1 | } else { | 
| 90 |  |  | r->clipset = ro->newcset; | 
| 91 | greg | 2.90 | r->rmax = (ro->rmax > FTINY)*(ro->rmax - ro->rot); | 
| 92 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 93 | greg | 2.50 | r->revf = ro->revf; | 
| 94 | greg | 2.23 | copycolor(r->cext, ro->cext); | 
| 95 | greg | 2.26 | copycolor(r->albedo, ro->albedo); | 
| 96 | greg | 2.23 | r->gecc = ro->gecc; | 
| 97 |  |  | r->slights = ro->slights; | 
| 98 | greg | 1.1 | r->crtype = ro->crtype | (r->rtype = rt); | 
| 99 |  |  | VCOPY(r->rorg, ro->rop); | 
| 100 | gwlarson | 2.31 | r->rweight = ro->rweight * rw; | 
| 101 | greg | 2.49 | /* estimate extinction */ | 
| 102 | gwlarson | 2.31 | re = colval(ro->cext,RED) < colval(ro->cext,GRN) ? | 
| 103 |  |  | colval(ro->cext,RED) : colval(ro->cext,GRN); | 
| 104 |  |  | if (colval(ro->cext,BLU) < re) re = colval(ro->cext,BLU); | 
| 105 | greg | 2.49 | re *= ro->rot; | 
| 106 | schorsch | 2.58 | if (re > 0.1) { | 
| 107 |  |  | if (re > 92.) { | 
| 108 | greg | 2.53 | r->rweight = 0.0; | 
| 109 | schorsch | 2.58 | } else { | 
| 110 | greg | 2.53 | r->rweight *= exp(-re); | 
| 111 | schorsch | 2.58 | } | 
| 112 |  |  | } | 
| 113 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 114 | greg | 1.22 | rayclear(r); | 
| 115 | greg | 2.53 | if (r->rweight <= 0.0)                  /* check for expiration */ | 
| 116 |  |  | return(-1); | 
| 117 | greg | 2.52 | if (r->crtype & SHADOW)                 /* shadow commitment */ | 
| 118 |  |  | return(0); | 
| 119 | greg | 2.67 | /* ambient in photon map? */ | 
| 120 | greg | 2.69 | if (ro != NULL && ro->crtype & AMBIENT) { | 
| 121 |  |  | if (causticPhotonMapping) | 
| 122 |  |  | return(-1); | 
| 123 |  |  | if (photonMapping && rt != TRANS) | 
| 124 |  |  | return(-1); | 
| 125 |  |  | } | 
| 126 | greg | 2.77 | if ((maxdepth <= 0) & (rc != NULL)) {   /* Russian roulette */ | 
| 127 | greg | 2.51 | if (minweight <= 0.0) | 
| 128 |  |  | error(USER, "zero ray weight in Russian roulette"); | 
| 129 | greg | 2.77 | if ((maxdepth < 0) & (r->rlvl > -maxdepth)) | 
| 130 | greg | 2.51 | return(-1);             /* upper reflection limit */ | 
| 131 |  |  | if (r->rweight >= minweight) | 
| 132 |  |  | return(0); | 
| 133 | greg | 2.55 | if (frandom() > r->rweight/minweight) | 
| 134 | greg | 2.51 | return(-1); | 
| 135 |  |  | rw = minweight/r->rweight;      /* promote survivor */ | 
| 136 | greg | 2.88 | scalescolor(r->rcoef, rw); | 
| 137 | greg | 2.51 | r->rweight = minweight; | 
| 138 |  |  | return(0); | 
| 139 |  |  | } | 
| 140 | greg | 2.77 | return((r->rweight >= minweight) & (r->rlvl <= abs(maxdepth)) ? 0 : -1); | 
| 141 | greg | 1.22 | } | 
| 142 |  |  |  | 
| 143 |  |  |  | 
| 144 | greg | 2.65 | void | 
| 145 | schorsch | 2.45 | rayclear(                       /* clear a ray for (re)evaluation */ | 
| 146 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r | 
| 147 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 148 | greg | 1.22 | { | 
| 149 | greg | 1.20 | r->rno = raynum++; | 
| 150 | greg | 1.1 | r->newcset = r->clipset; | 
| 151 | greg | 2.36 | r->hitf = rayhit; | 
| 152 | greg | 2.28 | r->robj = OVOID; | 
| 153 | greg | 2.17 | r->ro = NULL; | 
| 154 | greg | 2.34 | r->rox = NULL; | 
| 155 | greg | 2.73 | r->rxt = r->rmt = r->rot = FHUGE; | 
| 156 | greg | 2.81 | VCOPY(r->rop, r->rorg); | 
| 157 | greg | 2.82 | r->ron[0] = -r->rdir[0]; r->ron[1] = -r->rdir[1]; r->ron[2] = -r->rdir[2]; | 
| 158 |  |  | r->rod = 1.0; | 
| 159 | greg | 1.1 | r->pert[0] = r->pert[1] = r->pert[2] = 0.0; | 
| 160 | greg | 2.79 | r->rflips = 0; | 
| 161 | greg | 2.37 | r->uv[0] = r->uv[1] = 0.0; | 
| 162 | greg | 2.88 | setscolor(r->pcol, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0); | 
| 163 |  |  | scolorblack(r->mcol); | 
| 164 |  |  | scolorblack(r->rcol); | 
| 165 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 166 |  |  |  | 
| 167 |  |  |  | 
| 168 | greg | 2.65 | void | 
| 169 | greg | 2.50 | raytrace(                       /* trace a ray and compute its value */ | 
| 170 | schorsch | 2.45 | RAY  *r | 
| 171 |  |  | ) | 
| 172 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 173 | greg | 1.15 | if (localhit(r, &thescene)) | 
| 174 | greg | 2.24 | raycont(r);             /* hit local surface, evaluate */ | 
| 175 | greg | 2.16 | else if (r->ro == &Aftplane) { | 
| 176 | greg | 2.23 | r->ro = NULL;           /* hit aft clipping plane */ | 
| 177 | greg | 2.16 | r->rot = FHUGE; | 
| 178 |  |  | } else if (sourcehit(r)) | 
| 179 | greg | 2.24 | rayshade(r, r->ro->omod);       /* distant source */ | 
| 180 | greg | 1.1 |  | 
| 181 |  |  | if (trace != NULL) | 
| 182 |  |  | (*trace)(r);            /* trace execution */ | 
| 183 | greg | 2.49 |  | 
| 184 |  |  | rayparticipate(r);              /* for participating medium */ | 
| 185 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 186 |  |  |  | 
| 187 |  |  |  | 
| 188 | greg | 2.65 | void | 
| 189 | schorsch | 2.45 | raycont(                        /* check for clipped object and continue */ | 
| 190 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r | 
| 191 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 192 | greg | 1.8 | { | 
| 193 | greg | 2.7 | if ((r->clipset != NULL && inset(r->clipset, r->ro->omod)) || | 
| 194 | greg | 2.24 | !rayshade(r, r->ro->omod)) | 
| 195 | greg | 1.8 | raytrans(r); | 
| 196 |  |  | } | 
| 197 |  |  |  | 
| 198 |  |  |  | 
| 199 | greg | 2.65 | void | 
| 200 | schorsch | 2.45 | raytrans(                       /* transmit ray as is */ | 
| 201 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r | 
| 202 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 203 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 204 |  |  | RAY  tr; | 
| 205 |  |  |  | 
| 206 | greg | 2.67 | rayorigin(&tr, TRANS, r, NULL);         /* always continue */ | 
| 207 |  |  | VCOPY(tr.rdir, r->rdir); | 
| 208 |  |  | rayvalue(&tr); | 
| 209 | greg | 2.88 | copyscolor(r->mcol, tr.mcol); | 
| 210 |  |  | copyscolor(r->rcol, tr.rcol); | 
| 211 | greg | 2.73 | r->rmt = r->rot + tr.rmt; | 
| 212 |  |  | r->rxt = r->rot + tr.rxt; | 
| 213 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 214 |  |  |  | 
| 215 |  |  |  | 
| 216 | greg | 2.65 | int | 
| 217 | greg | 2.74 | raytirrad(                      /* irradiance hack */ | 
| 218 |  |  | OBJREC  *m, | 
| 219 |  |  | RAY     *r | 
| 220 |  |  | ) | 
| 221 |  |  | { | 
| 222 | greg | 2.75 | if (ofun[m->otype].flags & (T_M|T_X) && m->otype != MAT_CLIP) { | 
| 223 | greg | 2.74 | if (istransp(m->otype) || isBSDFproxy(m)) { | 
| 224 |  |  | raytrans(r); | 
| 225 |  |  | return(1); | 
| 226 |  |  | } | 
| 227 | greg | 2.86 | if (!islight(m->otype)) { | 
| 228 | greg | 2.88 | setscolor(r->pcol, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0); | 
| 229 | greg | 2.74 | return((*ofun[Lamb.otype].funp)(&Lamb, r)); | 
| 230 | greg | 2.86 | } | 
| 231 | greg | 2.74 | } | 
| 232 |  |  | return(0);              /* not a qualifying surface */ | 
| 233 |  |  | } | 
| 234 |  |  |  | 
| 235 |  |  |  | 
| 236 |  |  | int | 
| 237 | schorsch | 2.45 | rayshade(               /* shade ray r with material mod */ | 
| 238 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r, | 
| 239 | schorsch | 2.45 | int  mod | 
| 240 |  |  | ) | 
| 241 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 242 | greg | 2.74 | int     tst_irrad = do_irrad && !(r->crtype & ~(PRIMARY|TRANS)); | 
| 243 | greg | 2.64 | OBJREC  *m; | 
| 244 | greg | 2.47 |  | 
| 245 | greg | 2.78 | r->rxt = r->rot;                /* preset effective ray length */ | 
| 246 | greg | 2.47 | for ( ; mod != OVOID; mod = m->omod) { | 
| 247 | greg | 1.1 | m = objptr(mod); | 
| 248 | greg | 1.4 | /****** unnecessary test since modifier() is always called | 
| 249 | greg | 1.1 | if (!ismodifier(m->otype)) { | 
| 250 |  |  | sprintf(errmsg, "illegal modifier \"%s\"", m->oname); | 
| 251 |  |  | error(USER, errmsg); | 
| 252 |  |  | } | 
| 253 | greg | 1.4 | ******/ | 
| 254 | greg | 1.16 | /* hack for irradiance calculation */ | 
| 255 | greg | 2.74 | if (tst_irrad && raytirrad(m, r)) | 
| 256 |  |  | return(1); | 
| 257 |  |  |  | 
| 258 | greg | 2.47 | if ((*ofun[m->otype].funp)(m, r)) | 
| 259 |  |  | return(1);      /* materials call raytexture() */ | 
| 260 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 261 | greg | 2.47 | return(0);                      /* no material! */ | 
| 262 | greg | 2.23 | } | 
| 263 |  |  |  | 
| 264 |  |  |  | 
| 265 | greg | 2.65 | void | 
| 266 | schorsch | 2.45 | rayparticipate(                 /* compute ray medium participation */ | 
| 267 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r | 
| 268 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 269 | greg | 2.23 | { | 
| 270 | greg | 2.88 | SCOLOR  ce, ca; | 
| 271 | greg | 2.23 | double  re, ge, be; | 
| 272 |  |  |  | 
| 273 |  |  | if (intens(r->cext) <= 1./FHUGE) | 
| 274 |  |  | return;                         /* no medium */ | 
| 275 | greg | 2.27 | re = r->rot*colval(r->cext,RED); | 
| 276 |  |  | ge = r->rot*colval(r->cext,GRN); | 
| 277 |  |  | be = r->rot*colval(r->cext,BLU); | 
| 278 | greg | 2.26 | if (r->crtype & SHADOW) {               /* no scattering for sources */ | 
| 279 |  |  | re *= 1. - colval(r->albedo,RED); | 
| 280 |  |  | ge *= 1. - colval(r->albedo,GRN); | 
| 281 |  |  | be *= 1. - colval(r->albedo,BLU); | 
| 282 |  |  | } | 
| 283 | greg | 2.88 | setscolor(ce,   re<=FTINY ? 1. : re>92. ? 0. : exp(-re), | 
| 284 | greg | 2.49 | ge<=FTINY ? 1. : ge>92. ? 0. : exp(-ge), | 
| 285 |  |  | be<=FTINY ? 1. : be>92. ? 0. : exp(-be)); | 
| 286 | greg | 2.88 | smultscolor(r->rcol, ce);               /* path extinction */ | 
| 287 | greg | 2.26 | if (r->crtype & SHADOW || intens(r->albedo) <= FTINY) | 
| 288 | greg | 2.23 | return;                         /* no scattering */ | 
| 289 | greg | 2.66 |  | 
| 290 |  |  | /* PMAP: indirect inscattering accounted for by volume photons? */ | 
| 291 |  |  | if (!volumePhotonMapping) { | 
| 292 | greg | 2.88 | setscolor(ca, | 
| 293 | greg | 2.66 | colval(r->albedo,RED)*colval(ambval,RED)*(1.-colval(ce,RED)), | 
| 294 |  |  | colval(r->albedo,GRN)*colval(ambval,GRN)*(1.-colval(ce,GRN)), | 
| 295 |  |  | colval(r->albedo,BLU)*colval(ambval,BLU)*(1.-colval(ce,BLU))); | 
| 296 | greg | 2.88 | saddscolor(r->rcol, ca);                /* ambient in scattering */ | 
| 297 | greg | 2.66 | } | 
| 298 |  |  |  | 
| 299 | greg | 2.23 | srcscatter(r);                          /* source in scattering */ | 
| 300 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 301 |  |  |  | 
| 302 |  |  |  | 
| 303 | greg | 2.65 | void | 
| 304 | schorsch | 2.45 | raytexture(                     /* get material modifiers */ | 
| 305 |  |  | RAY  *r, | 
| 306 |  |  | OBJECT  mod | 
| 307 |  |  | ) | 
| 308 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 309 | greg | 2.64 | OBJREC  *m; | 
| 310 | greg | 1.1 | /* execute textures and patterns */ | 
| 311 |  |  | for ( ; mod != OVOID; mod = m->omod) { | 
| 312 |  |  | m = objptr(mod); | 
| 313 | greg | 2.9 | /****** unnecessary test since modifier() is always called | 
| 314 |  |  | if (!ismodifier(m->otype)) { | 
| 315 | greg | 1.1 | sprintf(errmsg, "illegal modifier \"%s\"", m->oname); | 
| 316 |  |  | error(USER, errmsg); | 
| 317 |  |  | } | 
| 318 | greg | 2.9 | ******/ | 
| 319 | greg | 2.20 | if ((*ofun[m->otype].funp)(m, r)) { | 
| 320 |  |  | sprintf(errmsg, "conflicting material \"%s\"", | 
| 321 |  |  | m->oname); | 
| 322 |  |  | objerror(r->ro, USER, errmsg); | 
| 323 |  |  | } | 
| 324 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 325 |  |  | } | 
| 326 |  |  |  | 
| 327 |  |  |  | 
| 328 | greg | 2.65 | int | 
| 329 | schorsch | 2.45 | raymixture(             /* mix modifiers */ | 
| 330 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r, | 
| 331 | schorsch | 2.45 | OBJECT  fore, | 
| 332 |  |  | OBJECT  back, | 
| 333 |  |  | double  coef | 
| 334 |  |  | ) | 
| 335 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 336 | greg | 2.9 | RAY  fr, br; | 
| 337 | greg | 2.73 | double  mfore, mback; | 
| 338 | greg | 2.9 | int  foremat, backmat; | 
| 339 | greg | 2.64 | int  i; | 
| 340 | greg | 2.24 | /* bound coefficient */ | 
| 341 | greg | 1.1 | if (coef > 1.0) | 
| 342 |  |  | coef = 1.0; | 
| 343 |  |  | else if (coef < 0.0) | 
| 344 |  |  | coef = 0.0; | 
| 345 | greg | 2.13 | /* compute foreground and background */ | 
| 346 | greg | 2.24 | foremat = backmat = 0; | 
| 347 | greg | 2.9 | /* foreground */ | 
| 348 | schorsch | 2.41 | fr = *r; | 
| 349 | greg | 2.54 | if (coef > FTINY) { | 
| 350 | greg | 2.59 | fr.rweight *= coef; | 
| 351 | greg | 2.88 | scalescolor(fr.rcoef, coef); | 
| 352 | greg | 2.9 | foremat = rayshade(&fr, fore); | 
| 353 | greg | 2.54 | } | 
| 354 | greg | 2.9 | /* background */ | 
| 355 | schorsch | 2.41 | br = *r; | 
| 356 | greg | 2.54 | if (coef < 1.0-FTINY) { | 
| 357 | greg | 2.59 | br.rweight *= 1.0-coef; | 
| 358 | greg | 2.88 | scalescolor(br.rcoef, 1.0-coef); | 
| 359 | greg | 2.9 | backmat = rayshade(&br, back); | 
| 360 | greg | 2.54 | } | 
| 361 | greg | 2.24 | /* check for transparency */ | 
| 362 | schorsch | 2.41 | if (backmat ^ foremat) { | 
| 363 | gwlarson | 2.33 | if (backmat && coef > FTINY) | 
| 364 | greg | 2.24 | raytrans(&fr); | 
| 365 | gwlarson | 2.33 | else if (foremat && coef < 1.0-FTINY) | 
| 366 | greg | 2.24 | raytrans(&br); | 
| 367 | schorsch | 2.41 | } | 
| 368 | greg | 2.12 | /* mix perturbations */ | 
| 369 | greg | 1.1 | for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) | 
| 370 | greg | 2.12 | r->pert[i] = coef*fr.pert[i] + (1.0-coef)*br.pert[i]; | 
| 371 |  |  | /* mix pattern colors */ | 
| 372 | greg | 2.88 | scalescolor(fr.pcol, coef); | 
| 373 |  |  | scalescolor(br.pcol, 1.0-coef); | 
| 374 |  |  | copyscolor(r->pcol, fr.pcol); | 
| 375 |  |  | saddscolor(r->pcol, br.pcol); | 
| 376 | greg | 2.24 | /* return value tells if material */ | 
| 377 |  |  | if (!foremat & !backmat) | 
| 378 |  |  | return(0); | 
| 379 | greg | 2.12 | /* mix returned ray values */ | 
| 380 | greg | 2.88 | scalescolor(fr.rcol, coef); | 
| 381 |  |  | scalescolor(br.rcol, 1.0-coef); | 
| 382 |  |  | copyscolor(r->rcol, fr.rcol); | 
| 383 |  |  | saddscolor(r->rcol, br.rcol); | 
| 384 |  |  | scalescolor(fr.mcol, coef); | 
| 385 |  |  | scalescolor(br.mcol, 1.0-coef); | 
| 386 |  |  | copyscolor(r->mcol, fr.mcol); | 
| 387 |  |  | saddscolor(r->mcol, br.mcol); | 
| 388 |  |  | mfore = pbright(fr.mcol); mback = pbright(br.mcol); | 
| 389 | greg | 2.73 | r->rmt = mfore > mback ? fr.rmt : br.rmt; | 
| 390 | greg | 2.88 | r->rxt = pbright(fr.rcol)-mfore > pbright(br.rcol)-mback ? | 
| 391 | greg | 2.73 | fr.rxt : br.rxt; | 
| 392 | greg | 2.24 | return(1); | 
| 393 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 394 |  |  |  | 
| 395 |  |  |  | 
| 396 | greg | 2.65 | double | 
| 397 | schorsch | 2.45 | raydist(                /* compute (cumulative) ray distance */ | 
| 398 | greg | 2.64 | const RAY  *r, | 
| 399 |  |  | int  flags | 
| 400 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 401 | greg | 2.21 | { | 
| 402 |  |  | double  sum = 0.0; | 
| 403 |  |  |  | 
| 404 |  |  | while (r != NULL && r->crtype&flags) { | 
| 405 |  |  | sum += r->rot; | 
| 406 |  |  | r = r->parent; | 
| 407 |  |  | } | 
| 408 |  |  | return(sum); | 
| 409 |  |  | } | 
| 410 |  |  |  | 
| 411 |  |  |  | 
| 412 | greg | 2.65 | void | 
| 413 | greg | 2.49 | raycontrib(             /* compute (cumulative) ray contribution */ | 
| 414 | greg | 2.88 | SCOLOR  rc, | 
| 415 | greg | 2.49 | const RAY  *r, | 
| 416 |  |  | int  flags | 
| 417 |  |  | ) | 
| 418 |  |  | { | 
| 419 | greg | 2.77 | static int      warnedPM = 0; | 
| 420 |  |  |  | 
| 421 | greg | 2.88 | setscolor(rc, 1., 1., 1.); | 
| 422 | greg | 2.49 |  | 
| 423 |  |  | while (r != NULL && r->crtype&flags) { | 
| 424 | greg | 2.88 | smultscolor(rc, r->rcoef); | 
| 425 | greg | 2.77 | /* check for participating medium */ | 
| 426 |  |  | if (!warnedPM && (bright(r->cext) > FTINY) | | 
| 427 |  |  | (bright(r->albedo) > FTINY)) { | 
| 428 |  |  | error(WARNING, | 
| 429 |  |  | "ray contribution calculation does not support participating media"); | 
| 430 |  |  | warnedPM++; | 
| 431 |  |  | } | 
| 432 | greg | 2.49 | r = r->parent; | 
| 433 |  |  | } | 
| 434 |  |  | } | 
| 435 |  |  |  | 
| 436 |  |  |  | 
| 437 | greg | 2.65 | double | 
| 438 | schorsch | 2.45 | raynormal(              /* compute perturbed normal for ray */ | 
| 439 |  |  | FVECT  norm, | 
| 440 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r | 
| 441 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 442 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 443 |  |  | double  newdot; | 
| 444 | greg | 2.64 | int  i; | 
| 445 | greg | 1.1 |  | 
| 446 |  |  | /*      The perturbation is added to the surface normal to obtain | 
| 447 |  |  | *  the new normal.  If the new normal would affect the surface | 
| 448 |  |  | *  orientation wrt. the ray, a correction is made.  The method is | 
| 449 |  |  | *  still fraught with problems since reflected rays and similar | 
| 450 |  |  | *  directions calculated from the surface normal may spawn rays behind | 
| 451 |  |  | *  the surface.  The only solution is to curb textures at high | 
| 452 | greg | 1.9 | *  incidence (namely, keep DOT(rdir,pert) < Rdot). | 
| 453 | greg | 1.1 | */ | 
| 454 |  |  |  | 
| 455 |  |  | for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) | 
| 456 |  |  | norm[i] = r->ron[i] + r->pert[i]; | 
| 457 |  |  |  | 
| 458 |  |  | if (normalize(norm) == 0.0) { | 
| 459 |  |  | objerror(r->ro, WARNING, "illegal normal perturbation"); | 
| 460 |  |  | VCOPY(norm, r->ron); | 
| 461 |  |  | return(r->rod); | 
| 462 |  |  | } | 
| 463 |  |  | newdot = -DOT(norm, r->rdir); | 
| 464 |  |  | if ((newdot > 0.0) != (r->rod > 0.0)) {         /* fix orientation */ | 
| 465 |  |  | for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) | 
| 466 |  |  | norm[i] += 2.0*newdot*r->rdir[i]; | 
| 467 |  |  | newdot = -newdot; | 
| 468 |  |  | } | 
| 469 |  |  | return(newdot); | 
| 470 | greg | 1.12 | } | 
| 471 |  |  |  | 
| 472 |  |  |  | 
| 473 | greg | 2.65 | void | 
| 474 | schorsch | 2.45 | newrayxf(                       /* get new tranformation matrix for ray */ | 
| 475 |  |  | RAY  *r | 
| 476 |  |  | ) | 
| 477 | greg | 1.12 | { | 
| 478 |  |  | static struct xfn { | 
| 479 |  |  | struct xfn  *next; | 
| 480 |  |  | FULLXF  xf; | 
| 481 |  |  | }  xfseed = { &xfseed }, *xflast = &xfseed; | 
| 482 | greg | 2.64 | struct xfn  *xp; | 
| 483 |  |  | const RAY  *rp; | 
| 484 | greg | 1.12 |  | 
| 485 |  |  | /* | 
| 486 |  |  | * Search for transform in circular list that | 
| 487 |  |  | * has no associated ray in the tree. | 
| 488 |  |  | */ | 
| 489 |  |  | xp = xflast; | 
| 490 |  |  | for (rp = r->parent; rp != NULL; rp = rp->parent) | 
| 491 |  |  | if (rp->rox == &xp->xf) {               /* xp in use */ | 
| 492 |  |  | xp = xp->next;                  /* move to next */ | 
| 493 |  |  | if (xp == xflast) {             /* need new one */ | 
| 494 | greg | 2.64 | xp = (struct xfn *)bmalloc(sizeof(struct xfn)); | 
| 495 | greg | 1.12 | if (xp == NULL) | 
| 496 |  |  | error(SYSTEM, | 
| 497 |  |  | "out of memory in newrayxf"); | 
| 498 |  |  | /* insert in list */ | 
| 499 |  |  | xp->next = xflast->next; | 
| 500 |  |  | xflast->next = xp; | 
| 501 |  |  | break;                  /* we're done */ | 
| 502 |  |  | } | 
| 503 |  |  | rp = r;                 /* start check over */ | 
| 504 |  |  | } | 
| 505 |  |  | /* got it */ | 
| 506 |  |  | r->rox = &xp->xf; | 
| 507 |  |  | xflast = xp; | 
| 508 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 509 |  |  |  | 
| 510 |  |  |  | 
| 511 | greg | 2.65 | void | 
| 512 | schorsch | 2.45 | flipsurface(                    /* reverse surface orientation */ | 
| 513 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r | 
| 514 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 515 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 516 |  |  | r->rod = -r->rod; | 
| 517 |  |  | r->ron[0] = -r->ron[0]; | 
| 518 |  |  | r->ron[1] = -r->ron[1]; | 
| 519 |  |  | r->ron[2] = -r->ron[2]; | 
| 520 |  |  | r->pert[0] = -r->pert[0]; | 
| 521 |  |  | r->pert[1] = -r->pert[1]; | 
| 522 |  |  | r->pert[2] = -r->pert[2]; | 
| 523 | greg | 2.79 | r->rflips++; | 
| 524 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 525 |  |  |  | 
| 526 |  |  |  | 
| 527 | greg | 2.83 | int | 
| 528 |  |  | rayreject(              /* check if candidate hit is worse than current */ | 
| 529 |  |  | OBJREC *o, | 
| 530 |  |  | RAY *r, | 
| 531 | greg | 2.87 | double t, | 
| 532 |  |  | double rod | 
| 533 | greg | 2.83 | ) | 
| 534 |  |  | { | 
| 535 |  |  | OBJREC  *mnew, *mray; | 
| 536 |  |  |  | 
| 537 |  |  | if ((t <= FTINY) | (t > r->rot + FTINY)) | 
| 538 | greg | 2.84 | return(1); | 
| 539 | greg | 2.83 | if (t < r->rot - FTINY)         /* is new hit significantly closer? */ | 
| 540 | greg | 2.84 | return(0); | 
| 541 |  |  | /* coincident point, so decide... */ | 
| 542 | greg | 2.83 | if (o == r->ro) | 
| 543 | greg | 2.84 | return(1);              /* shouldn't happen */ | 
| 544 | greg | 2.83 | if (r->ro == NULL) | 
| 545 | greg | 2.84 | return(0);              /* ditto */ | 
| 546 | greg | 2.85 | mnew = findmaterial(o); | 
| 547 |  |  | mray = findmaterial(r->ro);     /* check material transparencies */ | 
| 548 |  |  | if (mnew == NULL) { | 
| 549 |  |  | if (mray != NULL) | 
| 550 | greg | 2.87 | return(1);      /* old has material, new does not */ | 
| 551 | greg | 2.85 | } else if (mray == NULL) { | 
| 552 | greg | 2.87 | return(0);              /* new has material, old does not */ | 
| 553 | greg | 2.85 | } else if (istransp(mnew->otype)) { | 
| 554 |  |  | if (!istransp(mray->otype)) | 
| 555 | greg | 2.87 | return(1);      /* new is transparent, old is not */ | 
| 556 | greg | 2.85 | } else if (istransp(mray->otype)) { | 
| 557 | greg | 2.87 | return(0);              /* old is transparent, new is not */ | 
| 558 | greg | 2.85 | } | 
| 559 | greg | 2.87 | if (rod <= 0) {                 /* check which side we hit */ | 
| 560 |  |  | if (r->rod > 0) | 
| 561 |  |  | return(1);      /* old hit front, new did not */ | 
| 562 |  |  | } else if (r->rod <= 0) { | 
| 563 |  |  | return(0);              /* new hit front, old did not */ | 
| 564 |  |  | } | 
| 565 |  |  | /* earlier modifier definition wins tie */ | 
| 566 | greg | 2.84 | return (r->ro->omod >= o->omod); | 
| 567 | greg | 2.83 | } | 
| 568 |  |  |  | 
| 569 | greg | 2.65 | void | 
| 570 | schorsch | 2.45 | rayhit(                 /* standard ray hit test */ | 
| 571 |  |  | OBJECT  *oset, | 
| 572 |  |  | RAY  *r | 
| 573 |  |  | ) | 
| 574 | greg | 2.36 | { | 
| 575 |  |  | OBJREC  *o; | 
| 576 |  |  | int     i; | 
| 577 |  |  |  | 
| 578 |  |  | for (i = oset[0]; i > 0; i--) { | 
| 579 |  |  | o = objptr(oset[i]); | 
| 580 |  |  | if ((*ofun[o->otype].funp)(o, r)) | 
| 581 |  |  | r->robj = oset[i]; | 
| 582 |  |  | } | 
| 583 |  |  | } | 
| 584 |  |  |  | 
| 585 |  |  |  | 
| 586 | greg | 2.65 | int | 
| 587 | schorsch | 2.45 | localhit(               /* check for hit in the octree */ | 
| 588 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r, | 
| 589 |  |  | CUBE  *scene | 
| 590 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 591 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 592 | greg | 2.3 | OBJECT  cxset[MAXCSET+1];       /* set of checked objects */ | 
| 593 | greg | 1.1 | FVECT  curpos;                  /* current cube position */ | 
| 594 | greg | 1.11 | int  sflags;                    /* sign flags */ | 
| 595 | greg | 1.1 | double  t, dt; | 
| 596 | greg | 2.64 | int  i; | 
| 597 | greg | 1.1 |  | 
| 598 | greg | 1.21 | nrays++;                        /* increment trace counter */ | 
| 599 | greg | 1.11 | sflags = 0; | 
| 600 | greg | 1.1 | for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) { | 
| 601 |  |  | curpos[i] = r->rorg[i]; | 
| 602 | greg | 2.8 | if (r->rdir[i] > 1e-7) | 
| 603 | greg | 1.11 | sflags |= 1 << i; | 
| 604 | greg | 2.8 | else if (r->rdir[i] < -1e-7) | 
| 605 | greg | 1.11 | sflags |= 0x10 << i; | 
| 606 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 607 | greg | 2.61 | if (!sflags) { | 
| 608 |  |  | error(WARNING, "zero ray direction in localhit"); | 
| 609 |  |  | return(0); | 
| 610 |  |  | } | 
| 611 | greg | 2.17 | /* start off assuming nothing hit */ | 
| 612 |  |  | if (r->rmax > FTINY) {          /* except aft plane if one */ | 
| 613 |  |  | r->ro = &Aftplane; | 
| 614 |  |  | r->rot = r->rmax; | 
| 615 | greg | 2.62 | VSUM(r->rop, r->rorg, r->rdir, r->rot); | 
| 616 | greg | 2.17 | } | 
| 617 |  |  | /* find global cube entrance point */ | 
| 618 | greg | 1.1 | t = 0.0; | 
| 619 |  |  | if (!incube(scene, curpos)) { | 
| 620 |  |  | /* find distance to entry */ | 
| 621 |  |  | for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) { | 
| 622 |  |  | /* plane in our direction */ | 
| 623 | greg | 1.11 | if (sflags & 1<<i) | 
| 624 | greg | 1.1 | dt = scene->cuorg[i]; | 
| 625 | greg | 1.11 | else if (sflags & 0x10<<i) | 
| 626 | greg | 1.1 | dt = scene->cuorg[i] + scene->cusize; | 
| 627 |  |  | else | 
| 628 |  |  | continue; | 
| 629 |  |  | /* distance to the plane */ | 
| 630 |  |  | dt = (dt - r->rorg[i])/r->rdir[i]; | 
| 631 |  |  | if (dt > t) | 
| 632 |  |  | t = dt; /* farthest face is the one */ | 
| 633 |  |  | } | 
| 634 |  |  | t += FTINY;             /* fudge to get inside cube */ | 
| 635 | greg | 2.17 | if (t >= r->rot)        /* clipped already */ | 
| 636 |  |  | return(0); | 
| 637 | greg | 1.1 | /* advance position */ | 
| 638 | greg | 2.62 | VSUM(curpos, curpos, r->rdir, t); | 
| 639 | greg | 1.1 |  | 
| 640 |  |  | if (!incube(scene, curpos))     /* non-intersecting ray */ | 
| 641 |  |  | return(0); | 
| 642 |  |  | } | 
| 643 | greg | 2.3 | cxset[0] = 0; | 
| 644 | greg | 2.19 | raymove(curpos, cxset, sflags, r, scene); | 
| 645 | schorsch | 2.42 | return((r->ro != NULL) & (r->ro != &Aftplane)); | 
| 646 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 647 |  |  |  | 
| 648 |  |  |  | 
| 649 |  |  | static int | 
| 650 | schorsch | 2.45 | raymove(                /* check for hit as we move */ | 
| 651 |  |  | FVECT  pos,                     /* current position, modified herein */ | 
| 652 |  |  | OBJECT  *cxs,                   /* checked objects, modified by checkhit */ | 
| 653 |  |  | int  dirf,                      /* direction indicators to speed tests */ | 
| 654 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r, | 
| 655 |  |  | CUBE  *cu | 
| 656 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 657 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 658 |  |  | int  ax; | 
| 659 |  |  | double  dt, t; | 
| 660 |  |  |  | 
| 661 |  |  | if (istree(cu->cutree)) {               /* recurse on subcubes */ | 
| 662 |  |  | CUBE  cukid; | 
| 663 | greg | 2.64 | int  br, sgn; | 
| 664 | greg | 1.1 |  | 
| 665 |  |  | cukid.cusize = cu->cusize * 0.5;        /* find subcube */ | 
| 666 |  |  | VCOPY(cukid.cuorg, cu->cuorg); | 
| 667 |  |  | br = 0; | 
| 668 |  |  | if (pos[0] >= cukid.cuorg[0]+cukid.cusize) { | 
| 669 |  |  | cukid.cuorg[0] += cukid.cusize; | 
| 670 |  |  | br |= 1; | 
| 671 |  |  | } | 
| 672 |  |  | if (pos[1] >= cukid.cuorg[1]+cukid.cusize) { | 
| 673 |  |  | cukid.cuorg[1] += cukid.cusize; | 
| 674 |  |  | br |= 2; | 
| 675 |  |  | } | 
| 676 |  |  | if (pos[2] >= cukid.cuorg[2]+cukid.cusize) { | 
| 677 |  |  | cukid.cuorg[2] += cukid.cusize; | 
| 678 |  |  | br |= 4; | 
| 679 |  |  | } | 
| 680 |  |  | for ( ; ; ) { | 
| 681 |  |  | cukid.cutree = octkid(cu->cutree, br); | 
| 682 | greg | 2.3 | if ((ax = raymove(pos,cxs,dirf,r,&cukid)) == RAYHIT) | 
| 683 | greg | 1.1 | return(RAYHIT); | 
| 684 |  |  | sgn = 1 << ax; | 
| 685 | greg | 1.11 | if (sgn & dirf)                 /* positive axis? */ | 
| 686 | greg | 1.1 | if (sgn & br) | 
| 687 |  |  | return(ax);     /* overflow */ | 
| 688 |  |  | else { | 
| 689 |  |  | cukid.cuorg[ax] += cukid.cusize; | 
| 690 |  |  | br |= sgn; | 
| 691 |  |  | } | 
| 692 | greg | 1.11 | else | 
| 693 |  |  | if (sgn & br) { | 
| 694 |  |  | cukid.cuorg[ax] -= cukid.cusize; | 
| 695 |  |  | br &= ~sgn; | 
| 696 |  |  | } else | 
| 697 |  |  | return(ax);     /* underflow */ | 
| 698 | greg | 1.1 | } | 
| 699 |  |  | /*NOTREACHED*/ | 
| 700 |  |  | } | 
| 701 | greg | 2.18 | if (isfull(cu->cutree)) { | 
| 702 |  |  | if (checkhit(r, cu, cxs)) | 
| 703 |  |  | return(RAYHIT); | 
| 704 |  |  | } else if (r->ro == &Aftplane && incube(cu, r->rop)) | 
| 705 | greg | 1.1 | return(RAYHIT); | 
| 706 |  |  | /* advance to next cube */ | 
| 707 | greg | 1.11 | if (dirf&0x11) { | 
| 708 |  |  | dt = dirf&1 ? cu->cuorg[0] + cu->cusize : cu->cuorg[0]; | 
| 709 | greg | 1.1 | t = (dt - pos[0])/r->rdir[0]; | 
| 710 |  |  | ax = 0; | 
| 711 |  |  | } else | 
| 712 |  |  | t = FHUGE; | 
| 713 | greg | 1.11 | if (dirf&0x22) { | 
| 714 |  |  | dt = dirf&2 ? cu->cuorg[1] + cu->cusize : cu->cuorg[1]; | 
| 715 | greg | 1.1 | dt = (dt - pos[1])/r->rdir[1]; | 
| 716 |  |  | if (dt < t) { | 
| 717 |  |  | t = dt; | 
| 718 |  |  | ax = 1; | 
| 719 |  |  | } | 
| 720 |  |  | } | 
| 721 | greg | 1.11 | if (dirf&0x44) { | 
| 722 |  |  | dt = dirf&4 ? cu->cuorg[2] + cu->cusize : cu->cuorg[2]; | 
| 723 | greg | 1.1 | dt = (dt - pos[2])/r->rdir[2]; | 
| 724 |  |  | if (dt < t) { | 
| 725 |  |  | t = dt; | 
| 726 |  |  | ax = 2; | 
| 727 |  |  | } | 
| 728 |  |  | } | 
| 729 | greg | 2.62 | VSUM(pos, pos, r->rdir, t); | 
| 730 | greg | 1.1 | return(ax); | 
| 731 |  |  | } | 
| 732 |  |  |  | 
| 733 |  |  |  | 
| 734 | greg | 2.34 | static int | 
| 735 | schorsch | 2.45 | checkhit(               /* check for hit in full cube */ | 
| 736 | greg | 2.64 | RAY  *r, | 
| 737 | schorsch | 2.45 | CUBE  *cu, | 
| 738 |  |  | OBJECT  *cxs | 
| 739 |  |  | ) | 
| 740 | greg | 1.1 | { | 
| 741 |  |  | OBJECT  oset[MAXSET+1]; | 
| 742 |  |  |  | 
| 743 |  |  | objset(oset, cu->cutree); | 
| 744 | greg | 2.36 | checkset(oset, cxs);                    /* avoid double-checking */ | 
| 745 |  |  |  | 
| 746 |  |  | (*r->hitf)(oset, r);                    /* test for hit in set */ | 
| 747 |  |  |  | 
| 748 |  |  | if (r->robj == OVOID) | 
| 749 | greg | 1.1 | return(0);                      /* no scores yet */ | 
| 750 |  |  |  | 
| 751 |  |  | return(incube(cu, r->rop));             /* hit OK if in current cube */ | 
| 752 | greg | 2.2 | } | 
| 753 |  |  |  | 
| 754 |  |  |  | 
| 755 | greg | 2.34 | static void | 
| 756 | schorsch | 2.45 | checkset(               /* modify checked set and set to check */ | 
| 757 | greg | 2.64 | OBJECT  *os,                    /* os' = os - cs */ | 
| 758 |  |  | OBJECT  *cs                     /* cs' = cs + os */ | 
| 759 | schorsch | 2.45 | ) | 
| 760 | greg | 2.2 | { | 
| 761 |  |  | OBJECT  cset[MAXCSET+MAXSET+1]; | 
| 762 | greg | 2.64 | int  i, j; | 
| 763 | greg | 2.3 | int  k; | 
| 764 | greg | 2.2 | /* copy os in place, cset <- cs */ | 
| 765 |  |  | cset[0] = 0; | 
| 766 |  |  | k = 0; | 
| 767 |  |  | for (i = j = 1; i <= os[0]; i++) { | 
| 768 |  |  | while (j <= cs[0] && cs[j] < os[i]) | 
| 769 |  |  | cset[++cset[0]] = cs[j++]; | 
| 770 |  |  | if (j > cs[0] || os[i] != cs[j]) {      /* object to check */ | 
| 771 |  |  | os[++k] = os[i]; | 
| 772 |  |  | cset[++cset[0]] = os[i]; | 
| 773 |  |  | } | 
| 774 |  |  | } | 
| 775 | greg | 2.3 | if (!(os[0] = k))               /* new "to check" set size */ | 
| 776 |  |  | return;                 /* special case */ | 
| 777 | greg | 2.2 | while (j <= cs[0])              /* get the rest of cs */ | 
| 778 |  |  | cset[++cset[0]] = cs[j++]; | 
| 779 | greg | 2.3 | if (cset[0] > MAXCSET)          /* truncate "checked" set if nec. */ | 
| 780 | greg | 2.2 | cset[0] = MAXCSET; | 
| 781 | greg | 2.3 | /* setcopy(cs, cset); */        /* copy cset back to cs */ | 
| 782 |  |  | os = cset; | 
| 783 |  |  | for (i = os[0]; i-- >= 0; ) | 
| 784 |  |  | *cs++ = *os++; | 
| 785 | greg | 1.1 | } |