1 |
< |
/* Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California */ |
1 |
> |
/* Copyright (c) 1992 Regents of the University of California */ |
2 |
|
|
3 |
|
#ifndef lint |
4 |
|
static char SCCSid[] = "$SunId$ LBL"; |
11 |
|
* 12/19/85 - added stuff for metals. |
12 |
|
* 6/26/87 - improved specular model. |
13 |
|
* 9/28/87 - added model for translucent materials. |
14 |
+ |
* Later changes described in delta comments. |
15 |
|
*/ |
16 |
|
|
17 |
|
#include "ray.h" |
18 |
|
|
19 |
|
#include "otypes.h" |
20 |
|
|
21 |
+ |
#include "random.h" |
22 |
+ |
|
23 |
+ |
extern double specthresh; /* specular sampling threshold */ |
24 |
+ |
extern double specjitter; /* specular sampling jitter */ |
25 |
+ |
|
26 |
|
/* |
27 |
|
* This routine uses portions of the reflection |
28 |
|
* model described by Cook and Torrance. |
40 |
|
|
41 |
|
#define BSPEC(m) (6.0) /* specularity parameter b */ |
42 |
|
|
43 |
< |
extern double exp(); |
43 |
> |
/* specularity flags */ |
44 |
> |
#define SP_REFL 01 /* has reflected specular component */ |
45 |
> |
#define SP_TRAN 02 /* has transmitted specular */ |
46 |
> |
#define SP_PURE 010 /* purely specular (zero roughness) */ |
47 |
> |
#define SP_FLAT 020 /* flat reflecting surface */ |
48 |
> |
#define SP_RBLT 040 /* reflection below sample threshold */ |
49 |
> |
#define SP_TBLT 0100 /* transmission below threshold */ |
50 |
|
|
51 |
|
typedef struct { |
52 |
|
OBJREC *mp; /* material pointer */ |
53 |
+ |
short specfl; /* specularity flags, defined above */ |
54 |
|
COLOR mcolor; /* color of this material */ |
55 |
|
COLOR scolor; /* color of specular component */ |
56 |
|
FVECT vrefl; /* vector in direction of reflected ray */ |
57 |
|
FVECT prdir; /* vector in transmitted direction */ |
58 |
< |
double alpha2; /* roughness squared times 2 */ |
58 |
> |
double alpha2; /* roughness squared */ |
59 |
|
double rdiff, rspec; /* reflected specular, diffuse */ |
60 |
|
double trans; /* transmissivity */ |
61 |
|
double tdiff, tspec; /* transmitted specular, diffuse */ |
72 |
|
{ |
73 |
|
double ldot; |
74 |
|
double dtmp; |
75 |
+ |
int i; |
76 |
|
COLOR ctmp; |
77 |
|
|
78 |
|
setcolor(cval, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); |
93 |
|
scalecolor(ctmp, dtmp); |
94 |
|
addcolor(cval, ctmp); |
95 |
|
} |
96 |
< |
if (ldot > FTINY && np->rspec > FTINY && np->alpha2 > FTINY) { |
96 |
> |
if (ldot > FTINY && (np->specfl&(SP_REFL|SP_PURE)) == SP_REFL) { |
97 |
|
/* |
98 |
|
* Compute specular reflection coefficient using |
99 |
|
* gaussian distribution model. |
100 |
|
*/ |
101 |
< |
/* roughness + source */ |
102 |
< |
dtmp = np->alpha2 + omega/(2.0*PI); |
101 |
> |
/* roughness */ |
102 |
> |
dtmp = 2.0*np->alpha2; |
103 |
> |
/* + source if flat */ |
104 |
> |
if (np->specfl & SP_FLAT) |
105 |
> |
dtmp += omega/(2.0*PI); |
106 |
|
/* gaussian */ |
107 |
|
dtmp = exp((DOT(np->vrefl,ldir)-1.)/dtmp)/(2.*PI)/dtmp; |
108 |
|
/* worth using? */ |
122 |
|
scalecolor(ctmp, dtmp); |
123 |
|
addcolor(cval, ctmp); |
124 |
|
} |
125 |
< |
if (ldot < -FTINY && np->tspec > FTINY && np->alpha2 > FTINY) { |
125 |
> |
if (ldot < -FTINY && (np->specfl&(SP_TRAN|SP_PURE)) == SP_TRAN) { |
126 |
|
/* |
127 |
|
* Compute specular transmission. Specular transmission |
128 |
|
* is always modified by material color. |
129 |
|
*/ |
130 |
|
/* roughness + source */ |
131 |
< |
dtmp = np->alpha2 + omega/(2.0*PI); |
131 |
> |
dtmp = np->alpha2/2.0 + omega/(2.0*PI); |
132 |
|
/* gaussian */ |
133 |
|
dtmp = exp((DOT(np->prdir,ldir)-1.)/dtmp)/(2.*PI)/dtmp; |
134 |
|
/* worth using? */ |
142 |
|
} |
143 |
|
|
144 |
|
|
145 |
< |
m_normal(m, r) /* color a ray which hit something normal */ |
145 |
> |
m_normal(m, r) /* color a ray that hit something normal */ |
146 |
|
register OBJREC *m; |
147 |
|
register RAY *r; |
148 |
|
{ |
151 |
|
double dtmp; |
152 |
|
COLOR ctmp; |
153 |
|
register int i; |
137 |
– |
|
138 |
– |
if (m->oargs.nfargs != (m->otype == MAT_TRANS ? 7 : 5)) |
139 |
– |
objerror(m, USER, "bad # arguments"); |
154 |
|
/* easy shadow test */ |
155 |
|
if (r->crtype & SHADOW && m->otype != MAT_TRANS) |
156 |
|
return; |
157 |
+ |
|
158 |
+ |
if (m->oargs.nfargs != (m->otype == MAT_TRANS ? 7 : 5)) |
159 |
+ |
objerror(m, USER, "bad number of arguments"); |
160 |
|
nd.mp = m; |
161 |
|
/* get material color */ |
162 |
|
setcolor(nd.mcolor, m->oargs.farg[0], |
163 |
|
m->oargs.farg[1], |
164 |
|
m->oargs.farg[2]); |
165 |
|
/* get roughness */ |
166 |
+ |
nd.specfl = 0; |
167 |
|
nd.alpha2 = m->oargs.farg[4]; |
168 |
< |
nd.alpha2 *= 2.0 * nd.alpha2; |
168 |
> |
if ((nd.alpha2 *= nd.alpha2) <= FTINY) |
169 |
> |
nd.specfl |= SP_PURE; |
170 |
|
/* reorient if necessary */ |
171 |
|
if (r->rod < 0.0) |
172 |
|
flipsurface(r); |
178 |
|
multcolor(nd.mcolor, r->pcol); /* modify material color */ |
179 |
|
transtest = 0; |
180 |
|
/* get specular component */ |
181 |
< |
nd.rspec = m->oargs.farg[3]; |
182 |
< |
|
164 |
< |
if (nd.rspec > FTINY) { /* has specular component */ |
181 |
> |
if ((nd.rspec = m->oargs.farg[3]) > FTINY) { |
182 |
> |
nd.specfl |= SP_REFL; |
183 |
|
/* compute specular color */ |
184 |
|
if (m->otype == MAT_METAL) |
185 |
|
copycolor(nd.scolor, nd.mcolor); |
191 |
|
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
192 |
|
colval(nd.scolor,i) += (1.0-colval(nd.scolor,i))*dtmp; |
193 |
|
nd.rspec += (1.0-nd.rspec)*dtmp; |
194 |
+ |
/* check threshold */ |
195 |
+ |
if (specthresh > FTINY && |
196 |
+ |
((specthresh >= 1.-FTINY || |
197 |
+ |
specthresh + (.05 - .1*urand(8199+samplendx)) |
198 |
+ |
> nd.rspec))) |
199 |
+ |
nd.specfl |= SP_RBLT; |
200 |
|
/* compute reflected ray */ |
201 |
|
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
202 |
|
nd.vrefl[i] = r->rdir[i] + 2.0*nd.pdot*nd.pnorm[i]; |
203 |
+ |
if (DOT(nd.vrefl, r->ron) <= FTINY) /* penetration? */ |
204 |
+ |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) /* safety measure */ |
205 |
+ |
nd.vrefl[i] = r->rdir[i] + 2.*r->rod*r->ron[i]; |
206 |
|
|
207 |
< |
if (nd.alpha2 <= FTINY && !(r->crtype & SHADOW)) { |
207 |
> |
if (!(r->crtype & SHADOW) && nd.specfl & SP_PURE) { |
208 |
|
RAY lr; |
209 |
|
if (rayorigin(&lr, r, REFLECTED, nd.rspec) == 0) { |
210 |
|
VCOPY(lr.rdir, nd.vrefl); |
219 |
|
nd.trans = m->oargs.farg[5]*(1.0 - nd.rspec); |
220 |
|
nd.tspec = nd.trans * m->oargs.farg[6]; |
221 |
|
nd.tdiff = nd.trans - nd.tspec; |
222 |
< |
if (r->crtype & SHADOW || DOT(r->pert,r->pert) <= FTINY*FTINY) { |
223 |
< |
VCOPY(nd.prdir, r->rdir); |
224 |
< |
transtest = 2; |
225 |
< |
} else { |
226 |
< |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) /* perturb direction */ |
227 |
< |
nd.prdir[i] = r->rdir[i] - .75*r->pert[i]; |
228 |
< |
normalize(nd.prdir); |
222 |
> |
if (nd.tspec > FTINY) { |
223 |
> |
nd.specfl |= SP_TRAN; |
224 |
> |
/* check threshold */ |
225 |
> |
if (specthresh > FTINY && |
226 |
> |
((specthresh >= 1.-FTINY || |
227 |
> |
specthresh + |
228 |
> |
(.05 - .1*urand(7241+samplendx)) |
229 |
> |
> nd.tspec))) |
230 |
> |
nd.specfl |= SP_TBLT; |
231 |
> |
if (r->crtype & SHADOW || |
232 |
> |
DOT(r->pert,r->pert) <= FTINY*FTINY) { |
233 |
> |
VCOPY(nd.prdir, r->rdir); |
234 |
> |
transtest = 2; |
235 |
> |
} else { |
236 |
> |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) /* perturb */ |
237 |
> |
nd.prdir[i] = r->rdir[i] - |
238 |
> |
0.5*r->pert[i]; |
239 |
> |
if (DOT(nd.prdir, r->ron) < -FTINY) |
240 |
> |
normalize(nd.prdir); /* OK */ |
241 |
> |
else |
242 |
> |
VCOPY(nd.prdir, r->rdir); |
243 |
> |
} |
244 |
|
} |
245 |
|
} else |
246 |
|
nd.tdiff = nd.tspec = nd.trans = 0.0; |
247 |
|
/* transmitted ray */ |
248 |
< |
if (nd.tspec > FTINY && nd.alpha2 <= FTINY) { |
248 |
> |
if ((nd.specfl&(SP_TRAN|SP_PURE)) == (SP_TRAN|SP_PURE)) { |
249 |
|
RAY lr; |
250 |
|
if (rayorigin(&lr, r, TRANS, nd.tspec) == 0) { |
251 |
|
VCOPY(lr.rdir, nd.prdir); |
257 |
|
transdist = r->rot + lr.rt; |
258 |
|
} |
259 |
|
} |
260 |
+ |
|
261 |
|
if (r->crtype & SHADOW) /* the rest is shadow */ |
262 |
|
return; |
263 |
|
/* diffuse reflection */ |
264 |
|
nd.rdiff = 1.0 - nd.trans - nd.rspec; |
265 |
|
|
266 |
< |
if (nd.rdiff <= FTINY && nd.tdiff <= FTINY && nd.alpha2 <= FTINY) |
267 |
< |
return; /* purely specular */ |
266 |
> |
if (nd.specfl & SP_PURE && nd.rdiff <= FTINY && nd.tdiff <= FTINY) |
267 |
> |
return; /* 100% pure specular */ |
268 |
|
|
269 |
+ |
if (r->ro->otype == OBJ_FACE || r->ro->otype == OBJ_RING) |
270 |
+ |
nd.specfl |= SP_FLAT; |
271 |
+ |
|
272 |
+ |
if (nd.specfl & (SP_REFL|SP_TRAN) && !(nd.specfl & SP_PURE)) |
273 |
+ |
gaussamp(r, &nd); |
274 |
+ |
|
275 |
|
if (nd.rdiff > FTINY) { /* ambient from this side */ |
276 |
|
ambient(ctmp, r); |
277 |
< |
if (nd.alpha2 <= FTINY) |
229 |
< |
scalecolor(ctmp, nd.rdiff); |
230 |
< |
else |
277 |
> |
if (nd.specfl & SP_RBLT) |
278 |
|
scalecolor(ctmp, 1.0-nd.trans); |
279 |
+ |
else |
280 |
+ |
scalecolor(ctmp, nd.rdiff); |
281 |
|
multcolor(ctmp, nd.mcolor); /* modified by material color */ |
282 |
|
addcolor(r->rcol, ctmp); /* add to returned color */ |
283 |
|
} |
284 |
|
if (nd.tdiff > FTINY) { /* ambient from other side */ |
285 |
|
flipsurface(r); |
286 |
|
ambient(ctmp, r); |
287 |
< |
if (nd.alpha2 <= FTINY) |
239 |
< |
scalecolor(ctmp, nd.tdiff); |
240 |
< |
else |
287 |
> |
if (nd.specfl & SP_TBLT) |
288 |
|
scalecolor(ctmp, nd.trans); |
289 |
+ |
else |
290 |
+ |
scalecolor(ctmp, nd.tdiff); |
291 |
|
multcolor(ctmp, nd.mcolor); /* modified by color */ |
292 |
|
addcolor(r->rcol, ctmp); |
293 |
|
flipsurface(r); |
297 |
|
/* check distance */ |
298 |
|
if (transtest > bright(r->rcol)) |
299 |
|
r->rt = transdist; |
300 |
+ |
} |
301 |
+ |
|
302 |
+ |
|
303 |
+ |
static |
304 |
+ |
gaussamp(r, np) /* sample gaussian specular */ |
305 |
+ |
RAY *r; |
306 |
+ |
register NORMDAT *np; |
307 |
+ |
{ |
308 |
+ |
RAY sr; |
309 |
+ |
FVECT u, v, h; |
310 |
+ |
double rv[2]; |
311 |
+ |
double d, sinp, cosp; |
312 |
+ |
register int i; |
313 |
+ |
/* set up sample coordinates */ |
314 |
+ |
v[0] = v[1] = v[2] = 0.0; |
315 |
+ |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
316 |
+ |
if (np->pnorm[i] < 0.6 && np->pnorm[i] > -0.6) |
317 |
+ |
break; |
318 |
+ |
v[i] = 1.0; |
319 |
+ |
fcross(u, v, np->pnorm); |
320 |
+ |
normalize(u); |
321 |
+ |
fcross(v, np->pnorm, u); |
322 |
+ |
/* compute reflection */ |
323 |
+ |
if ((np->specfl & (SP_REFL|SP_RBLT)) == SP_REFL && |
324 |
+ |
rayorigin(&sr, r, SPECULAR, np->rspec) == 0) { |
325 |
+ |
dimlist[ndims++] = (int)np->mp; |
326 |
+ |
d = urand(ilhash(dimlist,ndims)+samplendx); |
327 |
+ |
multisamp(rv, 2, d); |
328 |
+ |
d = 2.0*PI * rv[0]; |
329 |
+ |
cosp = cos(d); |
330 |
+ |
sinp = sin(d); |
331 |
+ |
rv[1] = 1.0 - specjitter*rv[1]; |
332 |
+ |
if (rv[1] <= FTINY) |
333 |
+ |
d = 1.0; |
334 |
+ |
else |
335 |
+ |
d = sqrt( np->alpha2 * -log(rv[1]) ); |
336 |
+ |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
337 |
+ |
h[i] = np->pnorm[i] + d*(cosp*u[i] + sinp*v[i]); |
338 |
+ |
d = -2.0 * DOT(h, r->rdir) / (1.0 + d*d); |
339 |
+ |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
340 |
+ |
sr.rdir[i] = r->rdir[i] + d*h[i]; |
341 |
+ |
if (DOT(sr.rdir, r->ron) <= FTINY) |
342 |
+ |
VCOPY(sr.rdir, np->vrefl); /* jitter no good */ |
343 |
+ |
rayvalue(&sr); |
344 |
+ |
multcolor(sr.rcol, np->scolor); |
345 |
+ |
addcolor(r->rcol, sr.rcol); |
346 |
+ |
ndims--; |
347 |
+ |
} |
348 |
+ |
/* compute transmission */ |
349 |
+ |
if ((np->specfl & (SP_TRAN|SP_TBLT)) == SP_TRAN && |
350 |
+ |
rayorigin(&sr, r, SPECULAR, np->tspec) == 0) { |
351 |
+ |
dimlist[ndims++] = (int)np->mp; |
352 |
+ |
d = urand(ilhash(dimlist,ndims)+1823+samplendx); |
353 |
+ |
multisamp(rv, 2, d); |
354 |
+ |
d = 2.0*PI * rv[0]; |
355 |
+ |
cosp = cos(d); |
356 |
+ |
sinp = sin(d); |
357 |
+ |
rv[1] = 1.0 - specjitter*rv[1]; |
358 |
+ |
if (rv[1] <= FTINY) |
359 |
+ |
d = 1.0; |
360 |
+ |
else |
361 |
+ |
d = sqrt( np->alpha2/4.0 * -log(rv[1]) ); |
362 |
+ |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
363 |
+ |
sr.rdir[i] = np->prdir[i] + d*(cosp*u[i] + sinp*v[i]); |
364 |
+ |
if (DOT(sr.rdir, r->ron) < -FTINY) |
365 |
+ |
normalize(sr.rdir); /* OK, normalize */ |
366 |
+ |
else |
367 |
+ |
VCOPY(sr.rdir, np->prdir); /* else no jitter */ |
368 |
+ |
rayvalue(&sr); |
369 |
+ |
multcolor(sr.rcol, np->scolor); |
370 |
+ |
addcolor(r->rcol, sr.rcol); |
371 |
+ |
ndims--; |
372 |
+ |
} |
373 |
|
} |