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#ifndef lint |
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static const char RCSid[] = "$Id$"; |
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#endif |
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/* |
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* Shading functions for anisotropic materials. |
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*/ |
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|
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/* ==================================================================== |
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* The Radiance Software License, Version 1.0 |
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* |
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* Copyright (c) 1990 - 2002 The Regents of the University of California, |
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* through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. All rights reserved. |
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* |
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions |
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* are met: |
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* |
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright |
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. |
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* |
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright |
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in |
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* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the |
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* distribution. |
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* |
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* 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, |
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* if any, must include the following acknowledgment: |
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* "This product includes Radiance software |
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* (http://radsite.lbl.gov/) |
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* developed by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |
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* (http://www.lbl.gov/)." |
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* Alternately, this acknowledgment may appear in the software itself, |
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* if and wherever such third-party acknowledgments normally appear. |
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* |
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* 4. The names "Radiance," "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory" |
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* and "The Regents of the University of California" must |
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* not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this |
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* software without prior written permission. For written |
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* permission, please contact [email protected]. |
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* |
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* 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "Radiance", |
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* nor may "Radiance" appear in their name, without prior written |
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* permission of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. |
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* |
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED |
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* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES |
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* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE |
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* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory OR |
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* ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, |
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* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT |
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* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF |
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* USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND |
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* ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, |
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* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT |
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* OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF |
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* SUCH DAMAGE. |
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* ==================================================================== |
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* |
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* This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many |
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* individuals on behalf of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. For more |
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* information on Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, please see |
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* <http://www.lbl.gov/>. |
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*/ |
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|
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#include "ray.h" |
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|
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#include "otypes.h" |
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|
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#include "func.h" |
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|
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#include "random.h" |
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|
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#ifndef MAXITER |
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#define MAXITER 10 /* maximum # specular ray attempts */ |
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#endif |
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|
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/* |
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* This routine implements the anisotropic Gaussian |
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* model described by Ward in Siggraph `92 article. |
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* We orient the surface towards the incoming ray, so a single |
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* surface can be used to represent an infinitely thin object. |
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* |
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* Arguments for MAT_PLASTIC2 and MAT_METAL2 are: |
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* 4+ ux uy uz funcfile [transform...] |
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* 0 |
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* 6 red grn blu specular-frac. u-facet-slope v-facet-slope |
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* |
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* Real arguments for MAT_TRANS2 are: |
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* 8 red grn blu rspec u-rough v-rough trans tspec |
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*/ |
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|
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/* specularity flags */ |
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#define SP_REFL 01 /* has reflected specular component */ |
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#define SP_TRAN 02 /* has transmitted specular */ |
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#define SP_FLAT 04 /* reflecting surface is flat */ |
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#define SP_RBLT 010 /* reflection below sample threshold */ |
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#define SP_TBLT 020 /* transmission below threshold */ |
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#define SP_BADU 040 /* bad u direction calculation */ |
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|
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typedef struct { |
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OBJREC *mp; /* material pointer */ |
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RAY *rp; /* ray pointer */ |
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short specfl; /* specularity flags, defined above */ |
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COLOR mcolor; /* color of this material */ |
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COLOR scolor; /* color of specular component */ |
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FVECT vrefl; /* vector in reflected direction */ |
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FVECT prdir; /* vector in transmitted direction */ |
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FVECT u, v; /* u and v vectors orienting anisotropy */ |
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double u_alpha; /* u roughness */ |
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double v_alpha; /* v roughness */ |
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double rdiff, rspec; /* reflected specular, diffuse */ |
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double trans; /* transmissivity */ |
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double tdiff, tspec; /* transmitted specular, diffuse */ |
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FVECT pnorm; /* perturbed surface normal */ |
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double pdot; /* perturbed dot product */ |
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} ANISODAT; /* anisotropic material data */ |
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|
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static void getacoords(); |
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static void agaussamp(); |
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|
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|
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static void |
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diraniso(cval, np, ldir, omega) /* compute source contribution */ |
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COLOR cval; /* returned coefficient */ |
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register ANISODAT *np; /* material data */ |
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FVECT ldir; /* light source direction */ |
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double omega; /* light source size */ |
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{ |
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double ldot; |
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double dtmp, dtmp1, dtmp2; |
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FVECT h; |
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double au2, av2; |
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COLOR ctmp; |
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|
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setcolor(cval, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); |
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|
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ldot = DOT(np->pnorm, ldir); |
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|
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if (ldot < 0.0 ? np->trans <= FTINY : np->trans >= 1.0-FTINY) |
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return; /* wrong side */ |
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|
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if (ldot > FTINY && np->rdiff > FTINY) { |
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/* |
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* Compute and add diffuse reflected component to returned |
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* color. The diffuse reflected component will always be |
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* modified by the color of the material. |
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*/ |
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copycolor(ctmp, np->mcolor); |
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dtmp = ldot * omega * np->rdiff / PI; |
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scalecolor(ctmp, dtmp); |
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addcolor(cval, ctmp); |
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} |
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if (ldot > FTINY && (np->specfl&(SP_REFL|SP_BADU)) == SP_REFL) { |
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/* |
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* Compute specular reflection coefficient using |
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* anisotropic gaussian distribution model. |
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*/ |
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/* add source width if flat */ |
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if (np->specfl & SP_FLAT) |
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au2 = av2 = omega/(4.0*PI); |
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else |
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au2 = av2 = 0.0; |
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au2 += np->u_alpha*np->u_alpha; |
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av2 += np->v_alpha*np->v_alpha; |
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/* half vector */ |
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h[0] = ldir[0] - np->rp->rdir[0]; |
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h[1] = ldir[1] - np->rp->rdir[1]; |
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h[2] = ldir[2] - np->rp->rdir[2]; |
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/* ellipse */ |
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dtmp1 = DOT(np->u, h); |
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dtmp1 *= dtmp1 / au2; |
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dtmp2 = DOT(np->v, h); |
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dtmp2 *= dtmp2 / av2; |
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/* gaussian */ |
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dtmp = DOT(np->pnorm, h); |
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dtmp = (dtmp1 + dtmp2) / (dtmp*dtmp); |
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dtmp = exp(-dtmp) * (0.25/PI) |
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* sqrt(ldot/(np->pdot*au2*av2)); |
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/* worth using? */ |
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if (dtmp > FTINY) { |
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copycolor(ctmp, np->scolor); |
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dtmp *= omega; |
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scalecolor(ctmp, dtmp); |
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addcolor(cval, ctmp); |
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} |
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} |
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if (ldot < -FTINY && np->tdiff > FTINY) { |
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/* |
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* Compute diffuse transmission. |
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*/ |
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copycolor(ctmp, np->mcolor); |
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dtmp = -ldot * omega * np->tdiff / PI; |
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scalecolor(ctmp, dtmp); |
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addcolor(cval, ctmp); |
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} |
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if (ldot < -FTINY && (np->specfl&(SP_TRAN|SP_BADU)) == SP_TRAN) { |
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/* |
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* Compute specular transmission. Specular transmission |
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* is always modified by material color. |
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*/ |
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/* roughness + source */ |
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au2 = av2 = omega / PI; |
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au2 += np->u_alpha*np->u_alpha; |
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av2 += np->v_alpha*np->v_alpha; |
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/* "half vector" */ |
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h[0] = ldir[0] - np->prdir[0]; |
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h[1] = ldir[1] - np->prdir[1]; |
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h[2] = ldir[2] - np->prdir[2]; |
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dtmp = DOT(h,h); |
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if (dtmp > FTINY*FTINY) { |
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dtmp1 = DOT(h,np->pnorm); |
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dtmp = 1.0 - dtmp1*dtmp1/dtmp; |
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if (dtmp > FTINY*FTINY) { |
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dtmp1 = DOT(h,np->u); |
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dtmp1 *= dtmp1 / au2; |
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dtmp2 = DOT(h,np->v); |
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dtmp2 *= dtmp2 / av2; |
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dtmp = (dtmp1 + dtmp2) / dtmp; |
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} |
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} else |
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dtmp = 0.0; |
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/* gaussian */ |
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dtmp = exp(-dtmp) * (1.0/PI) |
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* sqrt(-ldot/(np->pdot*au2*av2)); |
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/* worth using? */ |
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if (dtmp > FTINY) { |
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copycolor(ctmp, np->mcolor); |
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dtmp *= np->tspec * omega; |
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scalecolor(ctmp, dtmp); |
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addcolor(cval, ctmp); |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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|
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|
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int |
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m_aniso(m, r) /* shade ray that hit something anisotropic */ |
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register OBJREC *m; |
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register RAY *r; |
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{ |
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ANISODAT nd; |
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COLOR ctmp; |
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register int i; |
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/* easy shadow test */ |
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if (r->crtype & SHADOW) |
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return(1); |
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|
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if (m->oargs.nfargs != (m->otype == MAT_TRANS2 ? 8 : 6)) |
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objerror(m, USER, "bad number of real arguments"); |
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nd.mp = m; |
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nd.rp = r; |
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/* get material color */ |
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setcolor(nd.mcolor, m->oargs.farg[0], |
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m->oargs.farg[1], |
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m->oargs.farg[2]); |
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/* get roughness */ |
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nd.specfl = 0; |
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nd.u_alpha = m->oargs.farg[4]; |
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nd.v_alpha = m->oargs.farg[5]; |
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if (nd.u_alpha < FTINY || nd.v_alpha <= FTINY) |
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objerror(m, USER, "roughness too small"); |
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/* check for back side */ |
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if (r->rod < 0.0) { |
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if (!backvis && m->otype != MAT_TRANS2) { |
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raytrans(r); |
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return(1); |
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} |
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flipsurface(r); /* reorient if backvis */ |
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} |
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/* get modifiers */ |
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raytexture(r, m->omod); |
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nd.pdot = raynormal(nd.pnorm, r); /* perturb normal */ |
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if (nd.pdot < .001) |
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nd.pdot = .001; /* non-zero for diraniso() */ |
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multcolor(nd.mcolor, r->pcol); /* modify material color */ |
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/* get specular component */ |
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if ((nd.rspec = m->oargs.farg[3]) > FTINY) { |
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nd.specfl |= SP_REFL; |
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/* compute specular color */ |
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if (m->otype == MAT_METAL2) |
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copycolor(nd.scolor, nd.mcolor); |
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else |
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setcolor(nd.scolor, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0); |
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scalecolor(nd.scolor, nd.rspec); |
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/* check threshold */ |
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if (specthresh >= nd.rspec-FTINY) |
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nd.specfl |= SP_RBLT; |
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/* compute refl. direction */ |
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for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
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nd.vrefl[i] = r->rdir[i] + 2.0*nd.pdot*nd.pnorm[i]; |
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if (DOT(nd.vrefl, r->ron) <= FTINY) /* penetration? */ |
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for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) /* safety measure */ |
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nd.vrefl[i] = r->rdir[i] + 2.*r->rod*r->ron[i]; |
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} |
295 |
/* compute transmission */ |
296 |
if (m->otype == MAT_TRANS2) { |
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nd.trans = m->oargs.farg[6]*(1.0 - nd.rspec); |
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nd.tspec = nd.trans * m->oargs.farg[7]; |
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nd.tdiff = nd.trans - nd.tspec; |
300 |
if (nd.tspec > FTINY) { |
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nd.specfl |= SP_TRAN; |
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/* check threshold */ |
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if (specthresh >= nd.tspec-FTINY) |
304 |
nd.specfl |= SP_TBLT; |
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if (DOT(r->pert,r->pert) <= FTINY*FTINY) { |
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VCOPY(nd.prdir, r->rdir); |
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} else { |
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for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) /* perturb */ |
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nd.prdir[i] = r->rdir[i] - r->pert[i]; |
310 |
if (DOT(nd.prdir, r->ron) < -FTINY) |
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normalize(nd.prdir); /* OK */ |
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else |
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VCOPY(nd.prdir, r->rdir); |
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} |
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} |
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} else |
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nd.tdiff = nd.tspec = nd.trans = 0.0; |
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|
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/* diffuse reflection */ |
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nd.rdiff = 1.0 - nd.trans - nd.rspec; |
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|
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if (r->ro != NULL && isflat(r->ro->otype)) |
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nd.specfl |= SP_FLAT; |
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|
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getacoords(r, &nd); /* set up coordinates */ |
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|
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if (nd.specfl & (SP_REFL|SP_TRAN) && !(nd.specfl & SP_BADU)) |
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agaussamp(r, &nd); |
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|
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if (nd.rdiff > FTINY) { /* ambient from this side */ |
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ambient(ctmp, r, nd.pnorm); |
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if (nd.specfl & SP_RBLT) |
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scalecolor(ctmp, 1.0-nd.trans); |
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else |
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scalecolor(ctmp, nd.rdiff); |
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multcolor(ctmp, nd.mcolor); /* modified by material color */ |
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addcolor(r->rcol, ctmp); /* add to returned color */ |
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} |
339 |
if (nd.tdiff > FTINY) { /* ambient from other side */ |
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FVECT bnorm; |
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|
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flipsurface(r); |
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bnorm[0] = -nd.pnorm[0]; |
344 |
bnorm[1] = -nd.pnorm[1]; |
345 |
bnorm[2] = -nd.pnorm[2]; |
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ambient(ctmp, r, bnorm); |
347 |
if (nd.specfl & SP_TBLT) |
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scalecolor(ctmp, nd.trans); |
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else |
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scalecolor(ctmp, nd.tdiff); |
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multcolor(ctmp, nd.mcolor); /* modified by color */ |
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addcolor(r->rcol, ctmp); |
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flipsurface(r); |
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} |
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/* add direct component */ |
356 |
direct(r, diraniso, &nd); |
357 |
|
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return(1); |
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} |
360 |
|
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|
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static void |
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getacoords(r, np) /* set up coordinate system */ |
364 |
RAY *r; |
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register ANISODAT *np; |
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{ |
367 |
register MFUNC *mf; |
368 |
register int i; |
369 |
|
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mf = getfunc(np->mp, 3, 0x7, 1); |
371 |
setfunc(np->mp, r); |
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errno = 0; |
373 |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
374 |
np->u[i] = evalue(mf->ep[i]); |
375 |
if (errno) { |
376 |
objerror(np->mp, WARNING, "compute error"); |
377 |
np->specfl |= SP_BADU; |
378 |
return; |
379 |
} |
380 |
if (mf->f != &unitxf) |
381 |
multv3(np->u, np->u, mf->f->xfm); |
382 |
fcross(np->v, np->pnorm, np->u); |
383 |
if (normalize(np->v) == 0.0) { |
384 |
objerror(np->mp, WARNING, "illegal orientation vector"); |
385 |
np->specfl |= SP_BADU; |
386 |
return; |
387 |
} |
388 |
fcross(np->u, np->v, np->pnorm); |
389 |
} |
390 |
|
391 |
|
392 |
static void |
393 |
agaussamp(r, np) /* sample anisotropic gaussian specular */ |
394 |
RAY *r; |
395 |
register ANISODAT *np; |
396 |
{ |
397 |
RAY sr; |
398 |
FVECT h; |
399 |
double rv[2]; |
400 |
double d, sinp, cosp; |
401 |
int niter; |
402 |
register int i; |
403 |
/* compute reflection */ |
404 |
if ((np->specfl & (SP_REFL|SP_RBLT)) == SP_REFL && |
405 |
rayorigin(&sr, r, SPECULAR, np->rspec) == 0) { |
406 |
dimlist[ndims++] = (int)np->mp; |
407 |
for (niter = 0; niter < MAXITER; niter++) { |
408 |
if (niter) |
409 |
d = frandom(); |
410 |
else |
411 |
d = urand(ilhash(dimlist,ndims)+samplendx); |
412 |
multisamp(rv, 2, d); |
413 |
d = 2.0*PI * rv[0]; |
414 |
cosp = tcos(d) * np->u_alpha; |
415 |
sinp = tsin(d) * np->v_alpha; |
416 |
d = sqrt(cosp*cosp + sinp*sinp); |
417 |
cosp /= d; |
418 |
sinp /= d; |
419 |
rv[1] = 1.0 - specjitter*rv[1]; |
420 |
if (rv[1] <= FTINY) |
421 |
d = 1.0; |
422 |
else |
423 |
d = sqrt(-log(rv[1]) / |
424 |
(cosp*cosp/(np->u_alpha*np->u_alpha) + |
425 |
sinp*sinp/(np->v_alpha*np->v_alpha))); |
426 |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
427 |
h[i] = np->pnorm[i] + |
428 |
d*(cosp*np->u[i] + sinp*np->v[i]); |
429 |
d = -2.0 * DOT(h, r->rdir) / (1.0 + d*d); |
430 |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
431 |
sr.rdir[i] = r->rdir[i] + d*h[i]; |
432 |
if (DOT(sr.rdir, r->ron) > FTINY) { |
433 |
rayvalue(&sr); |
434 |
multcolor(sr.rcol, np->scolor); |
435 |
addcolor(r->rcol, sr.rcol); |
436 |
break; |
437 |
} |
438 |
} |
439 |
ndims--; |
440 |
} |
441 |
/* compute transmission */ |
442 |
if ((np->specfl & (SP_TRAN|SP_TBLT)) == SP_TRAN && |
443 |
rayorigin(&sr, r, SPECULAR, np->tspec) == 0) { |
444 |
dimlist[ndims++] = (int)np->mp; |
445 |
for (niter = 0; niter < MAXITER; niter++) { |
446 |
if (niter) |
447 |
d = frandom(); |
448 |
else |
449 |
d = urand(ilhash(dimlist,ndims)+1823+samplendx); |
450 |
multisamp(rv, 2, d); |
451 |
d = 2.0*PI * rv[0]; |
452 |
cosp = tcos(d) * np->u_alpha; |
453 |
sinp = tsin(d) * np->v_alpha; |
454 |
d = sqrt(cosp*cosp + sinp*sinp); |
455 |
cosp /= d; |
456 |
sinp /= d; |
457 |
rv[1] = 1.0 - specjitter*rv[1]; |
458 |
if (rv[1] <= FTINY) |
459 |
d = 1.0; |
460 |
else |
461 |
d = sqrt(-log(rv[1]) / |
462 |
(cosp*cosp/(np->u_alpha*np->u_alpha) + |
463 |
sinp*sinp/(np->v_alpha*np->v_alpha))); |
464 |
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
465 |
sr.rdir[i] = np->prdir[i] + |
466 |
d*(cosp*np->u[i] + sinp*np->v[i]); |
467 |
if (DOT(sr.rdir, r->ron) < -FTINY) { |
468 |
normalize(sr.rdir); /* OK, normalize */ |
469 |
rayvalue(&sr); |
470 |
scalecolor(sr.rcol, np->tspec); |
471 |
multcolor(sr.rcol, np->mcolor); /* modify */ |
472 |
addcolor(r->rcol, sr.rcol); |
473 |
break; |
474 |
} |
475 |
} |
476 |
ndims--; |
477 |
} |
478 |
} |