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root/radiance/ray/src/rt/ambient.c

Comparing ray/src/rt/ambient.c (file contents):
Revision 1.2 by greg, Tue Feb 21 14:34:08 1989 UTC vs.
Revision 2.81 by greg, Fri Apr 25 23:04:16 2014 UTC

#	Line 1 | Line 1
1	–	/* Copyright (c) 1986 Regents of the University of California */
2	–
1		#ifndef lint
2	<	static char SCCSid[] = "$SunId$ LBL";
2	>	static const char       RCSid[] = "$Id$";
3		#endif
6	–
4		/*
5		*  ambient.c - routines dealing with ambient (inter-reflected) component.
6		*
7	<	*  The macro AMBFLUSH (if defined) is the number of ambient values
11	<	*      to wait before flushing to the ambient file.
12	<	*
13	<	*     5/9/86
7	>	*  Declarations of external symbols in ambient.h
8		*/
9
10	<	#include  "ray.h"
10	>	#include "copyright.h"
11
12	<	#include  "octree.h"
12	>	#include <string.h>
13
14	+	#include  "platform.h"
15	+	#include  "ray.h"
16	+	#include  "otypes.h"
17	+	#include  "resolu.h"
18	+	#include  "ambient.h"
19		#include  "random.h"
20
21	<	#define  OCTSCALE       0.5     /* ceil((valid rad.)/(cube size)) */
21	>	#ifndef  OCTSCALE
22	>	#define  OCTSCALE       1.0     /* ceil((valid rad.)/(cube size)) */
23	>	#endif
24
25	<	extern CUBE  thescene;          /* contains space boundaries */
25	>	extern char  *shm_boundary;     /* memory sharing boundary */
26
27	<	extern COLOR  ambval;           /* global ambient component */
28	<	extern double  ambacc;          /* ambient accuracy */
29	<	extern int  ambres;             /* ambient resolution */
30	<	extern int  ambdiv;             /* number of divisions for calculation */
30	<	extern int  ambssamp;           /* number of super-samples */
31	<	extern int  ambounce;           /* number of ambient bounces */
32	<	extern char  *amblist[];        /* ambient include/exclude list */
33	<	extern int  ambincl;            /* include == 1, exclude == 0 */
27	>	#ifndef  MAXASET
28	>	#define  MAXASET        4095    /* maximum number of elements in ambient set */
29	>	#endif
30	>	OBJECT  ambset[MAXASET+1]={0};  /* ambient include/exclude set */
31
32	<	OBJECT  ambset[128];            /* ambient include/exclude set */
32	>	double  maxarad;                /* maximum ambient radius */
33	>	double  minarad;                /* minimum ambient radius */
34
35	<	double  maxarad;                /* maximum ambient radius */
38	<	double  minarad;                /* minimum ambient radius */
35	>	static AMBTREE  atrunk;         /* our ambient trunk node */
36
37	<	typedef struct ambval {
38	<	FVECT  pos;             /* position in space */
42	<	FVECT  dir;             /* normal direction */
43	<	int  lvl;               /* recursion level of parent ray */
44	<	float  weight;          /* weight of parent ray */
45	<	COLOR  val;             /* computed ambient value */
46	<	float  rad;             /* validity radius */
47	<	struct ambval  *next;   /* next in list */
48	<	}  AMBVAL;                      /* ambient value */
37	>	static FILE  *ambfp = NULL;     /* ambient file pointer */
38	>	static int  nunflshed = 0;      /* number of unflushed ambient values */
39
40	<	typedef struct ambtree {
41	<	AMBVAL  *alist;         /* ambient value list */
42	<	struct ambtree  *kid;   /* 8 child nodes */
43	<	}  AMBTREE;                     /* ambient octree */
40	>	#ifndef SORT_THRESH
41	>	#ifdef SMLMEM
42	>	#define SORT_THRESH     ((16L<<20)/sizeof(AMBVAL))
43	>	#else
44	>	#define SORT_THRESH     ((64L<<20)/sizeof(AMBVAL))
45	>	#endif
46	>	#endif
47	>	#ifndef SORT_INTVL
48	>	#define SORT_INTVL      (SORT_THRESH<<1)
49	>	#endif
50	>	#ifndef MAX_SORT_INTVL
51	>	#define MAX_SORT_INTVL  (SORT_INTVL<<6)
52	>	#endif
53
55	–	typedef struct {
56	–	float  k;               /* error contribution per sample */
57	–	COLOR  v;               /* ray sum */
58	–	int  n;                 /* number of samples */
59	–	short  t, p;            /* theta, phi indices */
60	–	}  AMBSAMP;                     /* ambient sample */
54
55	<	static AMBTREE  atrunk;         /* our ambient trunk node */
55	>	static double  qambacc = 0.;            /* ambient accuracy to the 1/4 power */
56	>	static double  avsum = 0.;              /* computed ambient value sum (log) */
57	>	static unsigned int  navsum = 0;        /* number of values in avsum */
58	>	static unsigned int  nambvals = 0;      /* total number of indirect values */
59	>	static unsigned int  nambshare = 0;     /* number of values from file */
60	>	static unsigned long  ambclock = 0;     /* ambient access clock */
61	>	static unsigned long  lastsort = 0;     /* time of last value sort */
62	>	static long  sortintvl = SORT_INTVL;    /* time until next sort */
63	>	static FILE  *ambinp = NULL;            /* auxiliary file for input */
64	>	static long  lastpos = -1;              /* last flush position */
65
66	<	static FILE  *ambfp = NULL;     /* ambient file pointer */
66	>	#define MAXACLOCK       (1L<<30)        /* clock turnover value */
67	>	/*
68	>	* Track access times unless we are sharing ambient values
69	>	* through memory on a multiprocessor, when we want to avoid
70	>	* claiming our own memory (copy on write).  Go ahead anyway
71	>	* if more than two thirds of our values are unshared.
72	>	* Compile with -Dtracktime=0 to turn this code off.
73	>	*/
74	>	#ifndef tracktime
75	>	#define tracktime       (shm_boundary == NULL || nambvals > 3*nambshare)
76	>	#endif
77
78	<	#define  newambval()    (AMBVAL *)bmalloc(sizeof(AMBVAL))
78	>	#define  AMBFLUSH       (BUFSIZ/AMBVALSIZ)
79
80	<	#define  newambtree()   (AMBTREE *)calloc(8, sizeof(AMBTREE))
80	>	#define  newambval()    (AMBVAL *)malloc(sizeof(AMBVAL))
81	>	#define  freeav(av)     free((void *)av);
82
83	<	double  sumambient(), doambient(), makeambient();
83	>	static void initambfile(int creat);
84	>	static void avsave(AMBVAL *av);
85	>	static AMBVAL *avstore(AMBVAL  *aval);
86	>	static AMBTREE *newambtree(void);
87	>	static void freeambtree(AMBTREE  *atp);
88
89	+	typedef void unloadtf_t(AMBVAL *);
90	+	static unloadtf_t avinsert;
91	+	static unloadtf_t av2list;
92	+	static unloadtf_t avfree;
93	+	static void unloadatree(AMBTREE  *at, unloadtf_t *f);
94
95	<	setambient(afile)                       /* initialize calculation */
96	<	char  *afile;
95	>	static int aposcmp(const void *avp1, const void *avp2);
96	>	static int avlmemi(AMBVAL *avaddr);
97	>	static void sortambvals(int always);
98	>
99	>	#ifdef  F_SETLKW
100	>	static void aflock(int  typ);
101	>	#endif
102	>
103	>
104	>	void
105	>	setambres(                              /* set ambient resolution */
106	>	int  ar
107	>	)
108		{
109	<	long  ftell();
110	<	char  **amblp;
111	<	OBJECT  obj;
112	<	AMBVAL  amb;
113	<	/* set up ambient set */
114	<	ambset[0] = 0;
115	<	for (amblp = amblist; *amblp != NULL; amblp++) {
116	<	if ((obj = modifier(*amblp)) == OVOID) {
117	<	sprintf(errmsg, "unknown %s modifier \"%s\"",
118	<	ambincl ? "include" : "exclude", *amblp);
109	>	ambres = ar < 0 ? 0 : ar;               /* may be done already */
110	>	/* set min & max radii */
111	>	if (ar <= 0) {
112	>	minarad = 0;
113	>	maxarad = thescene.cusize / 2.0;
114	>	} else {
115	>	minarad = thescene.cusize / ar;
116	>	maxarad = 64 * minarad;                 /* heuristic */
117	>	if (maxarad > thescene.cusize / 2.0)
118	>	maxarad = thescene.cusize / 2.0;
119	>	}
120	>	if (minarad <= FTINY)
121	>	minarad = 10*FTINY;
122	>	if (maxarad <= minarad)
123	>	maxarad = 64 * minarad;
124	>	}
125	>
126	>
127	>	void
128	>	setambacc(                              /* set ambient accuracy */
129	>	double  newa
130	>	)
131	>	{
132	>	double  ambdiff;
133	>
134	>	if (newa < 0.0)
135	>	newa = 0.0;
136	>	ambdiff = fabs(newa - ambacc);
137	>	if (ambdiff >= .01 && (ambacc = newa) > FTINY) {
138	>	qambacc = sqrt(sqrt(ambacc));
139	>	if (nambvals > 0)
140	>	sortambvals(1);         /* rebuild tree */
141	>	}
142	>	}
143	>
144	>
145	>	void
146	>	setambient(void)                                /* initialize calculation */
147	>	{
148	>	int     readonly = 0;
149	>	long    flen;
150	>	AMBVAL  amb;
151	>	/* make sure we're fresh */
152	>	ambdone();
153	>	/* init ambient limits */
154	>	setambres(ambres);
155	>	qambacc = sqrt(sqrt(ambacc *= (ambacc > FTINY)));
156	>	if (ambfile == NULL || !ambfile[0])
157	>	return;
158	>	if (ambacc <= FTINY) {
159	>	sprintf(errmsg, "zero ambient accuracy so \"%s\" not opened",
160	>	ambfile);
161	>	error(WARNING, errmsg);
162	>	return;
163	>	}
164	>	/* open ambient file */
165	>	if ((ambfp = fopen(ambfile, "r+")) == NULL)
166	>	readonly = (ambfp = fopen(ambfile, "r")) != NULL;
167	>	if (ambfp != NULL) {
168	>	initambfile(0);                 /* file exists */
169	>	lastpos = ftell(ambfp);
170	>	while (readambval(&amb, ambfp))
171	>	avinsert(avstore(&amb));
172	>	nambshare = nambvals;           /* share loaded values */
173	>	if (readonly) {
174	>	sprintf(errmsg,
175	>	"loaded %u values from read-only ambient file",
176	>	nambvals);
177		error(WARNING, errmsg);
178	<	continue;
178	>	fclose(ambfp);          /* close file so no writes */
179	>	ambfp = NULL;
180	>	return;                 /* avoid ambsync() */
181		}
182	<	if (!inset(ambset, obj))
183	<	insertelem(ambset, obj);
182	>	/* align file pointer */
183	>	lastpos += (long)nambvals*AMBVALSIZ;
184	>	flen = lseek(fileno(ambfp), (off_t)0, SEEK_END);
185	>	if (flen != lastpos) {
186	>	sprintf(errmsg,
187	>	"ignoring last %ld values in ambient file (corrupted)",
188	>	(flen - lastpos)/AMBVALSIZ);
189	>	error(WARNING, errmsg);
190	>	fseek(ambfp, lastpos, SEEK_SET);
191	>	#ifndef _WIN32 /* XXX we need a replacement for that one */
192	>	ftruncate(fileno(ambfp), (off_t)lastpos);
193	>	#endif
194	>	}
195	>	} else if ((ambfp = fopen(ambfile, "w+")) != NULL) {
196	>	initambfile(1);                 /* else create new file */
197	>	fflush(ambfp);
198	>	lastpos = ftell(ambfp);
199	>	} else {
200	>	sprintf(errmsg, "cannot open ambient file \"%s\"", ambfile);
201	>	error(SYSTEM, errmsg);
202		}
203	<	maxarad = thescene.cusize / 2.0;                /* maximum radius */
204	<	/* minimum radius */
205	<	minarad = ambres > 0 ? thescene.cusize/ambres : 0.0;
203	>	#ifdef getc_unlocked
204	>	flockfile(ambfp);                       /* application-level lock */
205	>	#endif
206	>	#ifdef  F_SETLKW
207	>	aflock(F_UNLCK);                        /* release file */
208	>	#endif
209	>	}
210
211	<	/* open ambient file */
212	<	if (afile != NULL)
213	<	if ((ambfp = fopen(afile, "r+")) != NULL) {
214	<	while (fread(&amb, sizeof(AMBVAL), 1, ambfp) == 1)
215	<	avinsert(&amb, &atrunk, thescene.cuorg,
216	<	thescene.cusize);
217	<	/* align */
218	<	fseek(ambfp, -(ftell(ambfp)%sizeof(AMBVAL)), 1);
219	<	} else if ((ambfp = fopen(afile, "w")) == NULL) {
220	<	sprintf(errmsg, "cannot open ambient file \"%s\"",
221	<	afile);
107	<	error(SYSTEM, errmsg);
211	>
212	>	void
213	>	ambdone(void)                   /* close ambient file and free memory */
214	>	{
215	>	if (ambfp != NULL) {            /* close ambient file */
216	>	ambsync();
217	>	fclose(ambfp);
218	>	ambfp = NULL;
219	>	if (ambinp != NULL) {
220	>	fclose(ambinp);
221	>	ambinp = NULL;
222		}
223	+	lastpos = -1;
224	+	}
225	+	/* free ambient tree */
226	+	unloadatree(&atrunk, &avfree);
227	+	/* reset state variables */
228	+	avsum = 0.;
229	+	navsum = 0;
230	+	nambvals = 0;
231	+	nambshare = 0;
232	+	ambclock = 0;
233	+	lastsort = 0;
234	+	sortintvl = SORT_INTVL;
235		}
236
237
238	<	ambient(acol, r)                /* compute ambient component for ray */
239	<	COLOR  acol;
240	<	register RAY  *r;
238	>	void
239	>	ambnotify(                      /* record new modifier */
240	>	OBJECT  obj
241	>	)
242		{
243	<	static int  rdepth = 0;                 /* ambient recursion */
244	<	double  wsum;
243	>	static int  hitlimit = 0;
244	>	OBJREC   *o;
245	>	char  **amblp;
246
247	<	rdepth++;                               /* increment level */
247	>	if (obj == OVOID) {             /* starting over */
248	>	ambset[0] = 0;
249	>	hitlimit = 0;
250	>	return;
251	>	}
252	>	o = objptr(obj);
253	>	if (hitlimit || !ismodifier(o->otype))
254	>	return;
255	>	for (amblp = amblist; *amblp != NULL; amblp++)
256	>	if (!strcmp(o->oname, *amblp)) {
257	>	if (ambset[0] >= MAXASET) {
258	>	error(WARNING, "too many modifiers in ambient list");
259	>	hitlimit++;
260	>	return;         /* should this be fatal? */
261	>	}
262	>	insertelem(ambset, obj);
263	>	return;
264	>	}
265	>	}
266
267	+	/************ THE FOLLOWING ROUTINES DIFFER BETWEEN NEW & OLD ***************/
268	+
269	+	#ifdef NEWAMB
270	+
271	+	#define tfunc(lwr, x, upr)      (((x)-(lwr))/((upr)-(lwr)))
272	+
273	+	static double   sumambient(COLOR acol, RAY *r, FVECT rn, int al,
274	+	AMBTREE *at, FVECT c0, double s);
275	+	static int      makeambient(COLOR acol, RAY *r, FVECT rn, int al);
276	+	static void     extambient(COLOR cr, AMBVAL *ap, FVECT pv, FVECT nv,
277	+	FVECT uvw[3]);
278	+
279	+	void
280	+	multambient(            /* compute ambient component & multiply by coef. */
281	+	COLOR  aval,
282	+	RAY  *r,
283	+	FVECT  nrm
284	+	)
285	+	{
286	+	static int  rdepth = 0;                 /* ambient recursion */
287	+	COLOR   acol;
288	+	int     ok;
289	+	double  d, l;
290	+
291		if (ambdiv <= 0)                        /* no ambient calculation */
292		goto dumbamb;
293		/* check number of bounces */
294	<	if (rdepth > ambounce)
294	>	if (rdepth >= ambounce)
295		goto dumbamb;
296		/* check ambient list */
297		if (ambincl != -1 && r->ro != NULL &&
#	Line 129 | Line 299 | register RAY  *r;
299		goto dumbamb;
300
301		if (ambacc <= FTINY) {                  /* no ambient storage */
302	<	if (doambient(acol, r) == 0.0)
302	>	copycolor(acol, aval);
303	>	rdepth++;
304	>	ok = doambient(acol, r, r->rweight, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
305	>	rdepth--;
306	>	if (!ok)
307		goto dumbamb;
308	<	goto done;
308	>	copycolor(aval, acol);
309	>	return;
310		}
311	<	/* get ambient value */
311	>
312	>	if (tracktime)                          /* sort to minimize thrashing */
313	>	sortambvals(0);
314	>	/* interpolate ambient value */
315		setcolor(acol, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
316	<	wsum = sumambient(acol, r, &atrunk, thescene.cuorg, thescene.cusize);
317	<	if (wsum > FTINY)
318	<	scalecolor(acol, 1.0/wsum);
319	<	else if (makeambient(acol, r) == 0.0)
316	>	d = sumambient(acol, r, nrm, rdepth,
317	>	&atrunk, thescene.cuorg, thescene.cusize);
318	>	if (d > FTINY) {
319	>	d = 1.0/d;
320	>	scalecolor(acol, d);
321	>	multcolor(aval, acol);
322	>	return;
323	>	}
324	>	rdepth++;                               /* need to cache new value */
325	>	ok = makeambient(acol, r, nrm, rdepth-1);
326	>	rdepth--;
327	>	if (ok) {
328	>	multcolor(aval, acol);          /* computed new value */
329	>	return;
330	>	}
331	>	dumbamb:                                        /* return global value */
332	>	if ((ambvwt <= 0) | (navsum == 0)) {
333	>	multcolor(aval, ambval);
334	>	return;
335	>	}
336	>	l = bright(ambval);                     /* average in computations */
337	>	if (l > FTINY) {
338	>	d = (log(l)*(double)ambvwt + avsum) /
339	>	(double)(ambvwt + navsum);
340	>	d = exp(d) / l;
341	>	scalecolor(aval, d);
342	>	multcolor(aval, ambval);        /* apply color of ambval */
343	>	} else {
344	>	d = exp( avsum / (double)navsum );
345	>	scalecolor(aval, d);            /* neutral color */
346	>	}
347	>	}
348	>
349	>
350	>	double
351	>	sumambient(             /* get interpolated ambient value */
352	>	COLOR  acol,
353	>	RAY  *r,
354	>	FVECT  rn,
355	>	int  al,
356	>	AMBTREE  *at,
357	>	FVECT  c0,
358	>	double  s
359	>	)
360	>	{                       /* initial limit is 10 degrees plus ambacc radians */
361	>	const double    minangle = 10.0 * PI/180.;
362	>	const double    maxangle = (minangle+ambacc-PI/2.)*pow(r->rweight,0.13)
363	>	+ PI/2.;
364	>	double          wsum = 0.0;
365	>	FVECT           ck0;
366	>	int             i, j;
367	>	AMBVAL          *av;
368	>	/* sum this node */
369	>	for (av = at->alist; av != NULL; av = av->next) {
370	>	double  d, delta_r2, delta_t2;
371	>	COLOR   ct;
372	>	FVECT   uvw[3];
373	>	/* record access */
374	>	if (tracktime)
375	>	av->latick = ambclock;
376	>	/*
377	>	*  Ambient level test
378	>	*/
379	>	if (av->lvl > al)       /* list sorted, so this works */
380	>	break;
381	>	if (av->weight < 0.9*r->rweight)
382	>	continue;
383	>	/*
384	>	*  Direction test using unperturbed normal
385	>	*/
386	>	decodedir(uvw[2], av->ndir);
387	>	d = DOT(uvw[2], r->ron);
388	>	if (d <= 0.0)           /* >= 90 degrees */
389	>	continue;
390	>	delta_r2 = 2.0 - 2.0*d; /* approx. radians^2 */
391	>	if (delta_r2 >= maxangle*maxangle)
392	>	continue;
393	>	/*
394	>	*  Modified ray behind test
395	>	*/
396	>	VSUB(ck0, av->pos, r->rop);
397	>	d = DOT(ck0, uvw[2]);
398	>	if (d < -minarad*qambacc-.001)
399	>	continue;
400	>	d /= av->rad[0];
401	>	delta_t2 = d*d;
402	>	if (delta_t2 >= qambacc*qambacc)
403	>	continue;
404	>	/*
405	>	*  Elliptical radii test based on Hessian
406	>	*/
407	>	decodedir(uvw[0], av->udir);
408	>	VCROSS(uvw[1], uvw[2], uvw[0]);
409	>	d = DOT(ck0, uvw[0]) / av->rad[0];
410	>	delta_t2 += d*d;
411	>	d = DOT(ck0, uvw[1]) / av->rad[1];
412	>	delta_t2 += d*d;
413	>	if (delta_t2 >= qambacc*qambacc)
414	>	continue;
415	>	/*
416	>	*  Extrapolate value and compute final weight (hat function)
417	>	*/
418	>	extambient(ct, av, r->rop, rn, uvw);
419	>	d = tfunc(maxangle, sqrt(delta_r2), 0.0) *
420	>	tfunc(qambacc, sqrt(delta_t2), 0.0);
421	>	scalecolor(ct, d);
422	>	addcolor(acol, ct);
423	>	wsum += d;
424	>	}
425	>	if (at->kid == NULL)
426	>	return(wsum);
427	>	/* sum children */
428	>	s *= 0.5;
429	>	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
430	>	for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
431	>	ck0[j] = c0[j];
432	>	if (1<<j & i)
433	>	ck0[j] += s;
434	>	if (r->rop[j] < ck0[j] - OCTSCALE*s)
435	>	break;
436	>	if (r->rop[j] > ck0[j] + (1.0+OCTSCALE)*s)
437	>	break;
438	>	}
439	>	if (j == 3)
440	>	wsum += sumambient(acol, r, rn, al,
441	>	at->kid+i, ck0, s);
442	>	}
443	>	return(wsum);
444	>	}
445	>
446	>
447	>	int
448	>	makeambient(            /* make a new ambient value for storage */
449	>	COLOR  acol,
450	>	RAY  *r,
451	>	FVECT  rn,
452	>	int  al
453	>	)
454	>	{
455	>	AMBVAL  amb;
456	>	FVECT   uvw[3];
457	>	int     i;
458	>
459	>	amb.weight = 1.0;                       /* compute weight */
460	>	for (i = al; i-- > 0; )
461	>	amb.weight *= AVGREFL;
462	>	if (r->rweight < 0.1*amb.weight)        /* heuristic override */
463	>	amb.weight = 1.25*r->rweight;
464	>	setcolor(acol, AVGREFL, AVGREFL, AVGREFL);
465	>	/* compute ambient */
466	>	i = doambient(acol, r, amb.weight, uvw, amb.rad, amb.gpos, amb.gdir);
467	>	scalecolor(acol, 1./AVGREFL);           /* undo assumed reflectance */
468	>	if (i <= 0 || amb.rad[0] <= FTINY)      /* no Hessian or zero radius */
469	>	return(i);
470	>	/* store value */
471	>	VCOPY(amb.pos, r->rop);
472	>	amb.ndir = encodedir(r->ron);
473	>	amb.udir = encodedir(uvw[0]);
474	>	amb.lvl = al;
475	>	copycolor(amb.val, acol);
476	>	/* insert into tree */
477	>	avsave(&amb);                           /* and save to file */
478	>	if (rn != r->ron) {                     /* texture */
479	>	VCOPY(uvw[2], r->ron);
480	>	extambient(acol, &amb, r->rop, rn, uvw);
481	>	}
482	>	return(1);
483	>	}
484	>
485	>
486	>	void
487	>	extambient(             /* extrapolate value at pv, nv */
488	>	COLOR  cr,
489	>	AMBVAL   *ap,
490	>	FVECT  pv,
491	>	FVECT  nv,
492	>	FVECT  uvw[3]
493	>	)
494	>	{
495	>	static FVECT    my_uvw[3];
496	>	FVECT           v1;
497	>	int             i;
498	>	double          d = 1.0;        /* zeroeth order */
499	>
500	>	if (uvw == NULL) {              /* need local coordinates? */
501	>	decodedir(my_uvw[2], ap->ndir);
502	>	decodedir(my_uvw[0], ap->udir);
503	>	VCROSS(my_uvw[1], my_uvw[2], my_uvw[0]);
504	>	uvw = my_uvw;
505	>	}
506	>	for (i = 3; i--; )              /* gradient due to translation */
507	>	d += (pv[i] - ap->pos[i]) *
508	>	(ap->gpos[0]*uvw[0][i] + ap->gpos[1]*uvw[1][i]);
509	>
510	>	VCROSS(v1, uvw[2], nv);         /* gradient due to rotation */
511	>	for (i = 3; i--; )
512	>	d += v1[i] * (ap->gdir[0]*uvw[0][i] + ap->gdir[1]*uvw[1][i]);
513	>
514	>	if (d <= 0.0) {
515	>	setcolor(cr, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
516	>	return;
517	>	}
518	>	copycolor(cr, ap->val);
519	>	scalecolor(cr, d);
520	>	}
521	>
522	>
523	>	static void
524	>	avinsert(                               /* insert ambient value in our tree */
525	>	AMBVAL *av
526	>	)
527	>	{
528	>	AMBTREE  *at;
529	>	AMBVAL  *ap;
530	>	AMBVAL  avh;
531	>	FVECT  ck0;
532	>	double  s;
533	>	int  branch;
534	>	int  i;
535	>
536	>	if (av->rad[0] <= FTINY)
537	>	error(CONSISTENCY, "zero ambient radius in avinsert");
538	>	at = &atrunk;
539	>	VCOPY(ck0, thescene.cuorg);
540	>	s = thescene.cusize;
541	>	while (s*(OCTSCALE/2) > av->rad[1]*qambacc) {
542	>	if (at->kid == NULL)
543	>	if ((at->kid = newambtree()) == NULL)
544	>	error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in avinsert");
545	>	s *= 0.5;
546	>	branch = 0;
547	>	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
548	>	if (av->pos[i] > ck0[i] + s) {
549	>	ck0[i] += s;
550	>	branch |= 1 << i;
551	>	}
552	>	at = at->kid + branch;
553	>	}
554	>	avh.next = at->alist;           /* order by increasing level */
555	>	for (ap = &avh; ap->next != NULL; ap = ap->next)
556	>	if (ap->next->lvl >= av->lvl)
557	>	break;
558	>	av->next = ap->next;
559	>	ap->next = (AMBVAL*)av;
560	>	at->alist = avh.next;
561	>	}
562	>
563	>
564	>	#else /* ! NEWAMB */
565	>
566	>	static double   sumambient(COLOR acol, RAY *r, FVECT rn, int al,
567	>	AMBTREE *at, FVECT c0, double s);
568	>	static double   makeambient(COLOR acol, RAY *r, FVECT rn, int al);
569	>	static void     extambient(COLOR cr, AMBVAL *ap, FVECT pv, FVECT nv);
570	>
571	>
572	>	void
573	>	multambient(            /* compute ambient component & multiply by coef. */
574	>	COLOR  aval,
575	>	RAY  *r,
576	>	FVECT  nrm
577	>	)
578	>	{
579	>	static int  rdepth = 0;                 /* ambient recursion */
580	>	COLOR   acol;
581	>	double  d, l;
582	>
583	>	if (ambdiv <= 0)                        /* no ambient calculation */
584		goto dumbamb;
585	<	goto done;
585	>	/* check number of bounces */
586	>	if (rdepth >= ambounce)
587	>	goto dumbamb;
588	>	/* check ambient list */
589	>	if (ambincl != -1 && r->ro != NULL &&
590	>	ambincl != inset(ambset, r->ro->omod))
591	>	goto dumbamb;
592
593	<	dumbamb:                                        /* return global value */
594	<	copycolor(acol, ambval);
595	<	done:                                           /* must finish here! */
593	>	if (ambacc <= FTINY) {                  /* no ambient storage */
594	>	copycolor(acol, aval);
595	>	rdepth++;
596	>	d = doambient(acol, r, r->rweight, NULL, NULL);
597	>	rdepth--;
598	>	if (d <= FTINY)
599	>	goto dumbamb;
600	>	copycolor(aval, acol);
601	>	return;
602	>	}
603	>
604	>	if (tracktime)                          /* sort to minimize thrashing */
605	>	sortambvals(0);
606	>	/* interpolate ambient value */
607	>	setcolor(acol, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
608	>	d = sumambient(acol, r, nrm, rdepth,
609	>	&atrunk, thescene.cuorg, thescene.cusize);
610	>	if (d > FTINY) {
611	>	d = 1.0/d;
612	>	scalecolor(acol, d);
613	>	multcolor(aval, acol);
614	>	return;
615	>	}
616	>	rdepth++;                               /* need to cache new value */
617	>	d = makeambient(acol, r, nrm, rdepth-1);
618		rdepth--;
619	+	if (d > FTINY) {
620	+	multcolor(aval, acol);          /* got new value */
621	+	return;
622	+	}
623	+	dumbamb:                                        /* return global value */
624	+	if ((ambvwt <= 0) | (navsum == 0)) {
625	+	multcolor(aval, ambval);
626	+	return;
627	+	}
628	+	l = bright(ambval);                     /* average in computations */
629	+	if (l > FTINY) {
630	+	d = (log(l)*(double)ambvwt + avsum) /
631	+	(double)(ambvwt + navsum);
632	+	d = exp(d) / l;
633	+	scalecolor(aval, d);
634	+	multcolor(aval, ambval);        /* apply color of ambval */
635	+	} else {
636	+	d = exp( avsum / (double)navsum );
637	+	scalecolor(aval, d);            /* neutral color */
638	+	}
639		}
640
641
642	<	double
643	<	sumambient(acol, r, at, c0, s)          /* get interpolated ambient value */
644	<	COLOR  acol;
645	<	register RAY  *r;
646	<	AMBTREE  *at;
647	<	FVECT  c0;
648	<	double  s;
642	>	static double
643	>	sumambient(     /* get interpolated ambient value */
644	>	COLOR  acol,
645	>	RAY  *r,
646	>	FVECT  rn,
647	>	int  al,
648	>	AMBTREE  *at,
649	>	FVECT  c0,
650	>	double  s
651	>	)
652		{
653	<	extern double  sqrt();
161	<	double  d, e1, e2, wt, wsum;
653	>	double  d, e1, e2, wt, wsum;
654		COLOR  ct;
655		FVECT  ck0;
656		int  i;
657	<	register int  j;
658	<	register AMBVAL  *av;
659	<	/* do this node */
657	>	int  j;
658	>	AMBVAL   *av;
659	>
660		wsum = 0.0;
661	+	/* do this node */
662		for (av = at->alist; av != NULL; av = av->next) {
663	+	double  rn_dot = -2.0;
664	+	if (tracktime)
665	+	av->latick = ambclock;
666		/*
667	<	*  Ray strength test.
667	>	*  Ambient level test.
668		*/
669	<	if (av->lvl > r->rlvl || av->weight < r->rweight-FTINY)
669	>	if (av->lvl > al)       /* list sorted, so this works */
670	>	break;
671	>	if (av->weight < 0.9*r->rweight)
672		continue;
673		/*
674		*  Ambient radius test.
675		*/
676	<	e1 = 0.0;
677	<	for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
180	<	d = av->pos[j] - r->rop[j];
181	<	e1 += d * d;
182	<	}
183	<	e1 /= av->rad * av->rad;
676	>	VSUB(ck0, av->pos, r->rop);
677	>	e1 = DOT(ck0, ck0) / (av->rad * av->rad);
678		if (e1 > ambacc*ambacc*1.21)
679		continue;
680		/*
681	<	*  Normal direction test.
681	>	*  Direction test using closest normal.
682		*/
683	<	e2 = (1.0 - DOT(av->dir, r->ron)) * r->rweight;
684	<	if (e2 < 0.0) e2 = 0.0;
685	<	if (e1 + e2 > ambacc*ambacc*1.21)
683	>	d = DOT(av->dir, r->ron);
684	>	if (rn != r->ron) {
685	>	rn_dot = DOT(av->dir, rn);
686	>	if (rn_dot > 1.0-FTINY)
687	>	rn_dot = 1.0-FTINY;
688	>	if (rn_dot >= d-FTINY) {
689	>	d = rn_dot;
690	>	rn_dot = -2.0;
691	>	}
692	>	}
693	>	e2 = (1.0 - d) * r->rweight;
694	>	if (e2 < 0.0)
695	>	e2 = 0.0;
696	>	else if (e1 + e2 > ambacc*ambacc*1.21)
697		continue;
698		/*
699		*  Ray behind test.
#	Line 197 | Line 702 | double  s;
702		for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
703		d += (r->rop[j] - av->pos[j]) *
704		(av->dir[j] + r->ron[j]);
705	<	if (d < -minarad)
705	>	if (d*0.5 < -minarad*ambacc-.001)
706		continue;
707		/*
708		*  Jittering final test reduces image artifacts.
709		*/
710	<	wt = sqrt(e1) + sqrt(e2);
711	<	if (wt > ambacc*(0.9 + 0.2*frandom()))
710	>	e1 = sqrt(e1);
711	>	e2 = sqrt(e2);
712	>	wt = e1 + e2;
713	>	if (wt > ambacc*(.9+.2*urand(9015+samplendx)))
714		continue;
715	+	/*
716	+	*  Recompute directional error using perturbed normal
717	+	*/
718	+	if (rn_dot > 0.0) {
719	+	e2 = sqrt((1.0 - rn_dot)*r->rweight);
720	+	wt = e1 + e2;
721	+	}
722		if (wt <= 1e-3)
723		wt = 1e3;
724		else
725		wt = 1.0 / wt;
726		wsum += wt;
727	<	copycolor(ct, av->val);
727	>	extambient(ct, av, r->rop, rn);
728		scalecolor(ct, wt);
729		addcolor(acol, ct);
730		}
#	Line 229 | Line 743 | double  s;
743		break;
744		}
745		if (j == 3)
746	<	wsum += sumambient(acol, r, at->kid+i, ck0, s);
746	>	wsum += sumambient(acol, r, rn, al,
747	>	at->kid+i, ck0, s);
748		}
749		return(wsum);
750		}
751
752
753	<	double
754	<	makeambient(acol, r)            /* make a new ambient value */
755	<	COLOR  acol;
756	<	register RAY  *r;
753	>	static double
754	>	makeambient(            /* make a new ambient value for storage */
755	>	COLOR  acol,
756	>	RAY  *r,
757	>	FVECT  rn,
758	>	int  al
759	>	)
760		{
761	<	AMBVAL  amb;
761	>	AMBVAL  amb;
762	>	FVECT   gp, gd;
763	>	int     i;
764
765	<	amb.rad = doambient(acol, r);           /* compute ambient */
766	<	if (amb.rad == 0.0)
765	>	amb.weight = 1.0;                       /* compute weight */
766	>	for (i = al; i-- > 0; )
767	>	amb.weight *= AVGREFL;
768	>	if (r->rweight < 0.1*amb.weight)        /* heuristic override */
769	>	amb.weight = 1.25*r->rweight;
770	>	setcolor(acol, AVGREFL, AVGREFL, AVGREFL);
771	>	/* compute ambient */
772	>	amb.rad = doambient(acol, r, amb.weight, gp, gd);
773	>	if (amb.rad <= FTINY) {
774	>	setcolor(acol, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
775		return(0.0);
776	<	/* store it */
776	>	}
777	>	scalecolor(acol, 1./AVGREFL);           /* undo assumed reflectance */
778	>	/* store value */
779		VCOPY(amb.pos, r->rop);
780		VCOPY(amb.dir, r->ron);
781	<	amb.lvl = r->rlvl;
252	<	amb.weight = r->rweight;
781	>	amb.lvl = al;
782		copycolor(amb.val, acol);
783	+	VCOPY(amb.gpos, gp);
784	+	VCOPY(amb.gdir, gd);
785		/* insert into tree */
786	<	avinsert(&amb, &atrunk, thescene.cuorg, thescene.cusize);
787	<	avsave(&amb);                           /* write to file */
786	>	avsave(&amb);                           /* and save to file */
787	>	if (rn != r->ron)
788	>	extambient(acol, &amb, r->rop, rn);     /* texture */
789		return(amb.rad);
790		}
791
792
793	<	double
794	<	doambient(acol, r)                      /* compute ambient component */
795	<	COLOR  acol;
796	<	register RAY  *r;
793	>	static void
794	>	extambient(             /* extrapolate value at pv, nv */
795	>	COLOR  cr,
796	>	AMBVAL   *ap,
797	>	FVECT  pv,
798	>	FVECT  nv
799	>	)
800		{
801	<	extern int  ambcmp();
802	<	extern double  sin(), cos(), sqrt();
803	<	double  phi, xd, yd, zd;
269	<	register AMBSAMP  *div;
270	<	AMBSAMP  dnew;
271	<	RAY  ar;
272	<	FVECT  ux, uy;
273	<	double  arad;
274	<	int  ndivs, nt, np, ns, ne, i, j;
275	<	register int  k;
801	>	FVECT  v1;
802	>	int  i;
803	>	double  d;
804
805	<	setcolor(acol, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
806	<	/* set number of divisions */
807	<	nt = sqrt(ambdiv * r->rweight * 0.5) + 0.5;
808	<	np = 2 * nt;
809	<	ndivs = nt * np;
810	<	/* check first */
811	<	if (ndivs == 0 || rayorigin(&ar, r, AMBIENT, 0.5) < 0)
812	<	return(0.0);
813	<	/* set number of super-samples */
814	<	ns = ambssamp * r->rweight + 0.5;
287	<	if (ns > 0) {
288	<	div = (AMBSAMP *)malloc(ndivs*sizeof(AMBSAMP));
289	<	if (div == NULL)
290	<	error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in doambient");
805	>	d = 1.0;                        /* zeroeth order */
806	>	/* gradient due to translation */
807	>	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
808	>	d += ap->gpos[i]*(pv[i]-ap->pos[i]);
809	>	/* gradient due to rotation */
810	>	VCROSS(v1, ap->dir, nv);
811	>	d += DOT(ap->gdir, v1);
812	>	if (d <= 0.0) {
813	>	setcolor(cr, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
814	>	return;
815		}
816	<	/* make axes */
817	<	uy[0] = uy[1] = uy[2] = 0.0;
818	<	for (k = 0; k < 3; k++)
819	<	if (r->ron[k] < 0.6 && r->ron[k] > -0.6)
816	>	copycolor(cr, ap->val);
817	>	scalecolor(cr, d);
818	>	}
819	>
820	>
821	>	static void
822	>	avinsert(                               /* insert ambient value in our tree */
823	>	AMBVAL *av
824	>	)
825	>	{
826	>	AMBTREE  *at;
827	>	AMBVAL  *ap;
828	>	AMBVAL  avh;
829	>	FVECT  ck0;
830	>	double  s;
831	>	int  branch;
832	>	int  i;
833	>
834	>	if (av->rad <= FTINY)
835	>	error(CONSISTENCY, "zero ambient radius in avinsert");
836	>	at = &atrunk;
837	>	VCOPY(ck0, thescene.cuorg);
838	>	s = thescene.cusize;
839	>	while (s*(OCTSCALE/2) > av->rad*ambacc) {
840	>	if (at->kid == NULL)
841	>	if ((at->kid = newambtree()) == NULL)
842	>	error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in avinsert");
843	>	s *= 0.5;
844	>	branch = 0;
845	>	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
846	>	if (av->pos[i] > ck0[i] + s) {
847	>	ck0[i] += s;
848	>	branch |= 1 << i;
849	>	}
850	>	at = at->kid + branch;
851	>	}
852	>	avh.next = at->alist;           /* order by increasing level */
853	>	for (ap = &avh; ap->next != NULL; ap = ap->next)
854	>	if (ap->next->lvl >= av->lvl)
855		break;
856	<	uy[k] = 1.0;
857	<	fcross(ux, r->ron, uy);
858	<	normalize(ux);
859	<	fcross(uy, ux, r->ron);
860	<	/* sample divisions */
861	<	arad = 0.0;
862	<	ne = 0;
863	<	for (i = 0; i < nt; i++)
864	<	for (j = 0; j < np; j++) {
865	<	rayorigin(&ar, r, AMBIENT, 0.5);        /* pretested */
866	<	zd = sqrt((i+frandom())/nt);
867	<	phi = 2.0*PI * (j+frandom())/np;
868	<	xd = cos(phi) * zd;
869	<	yd = sin(phi) * zd;
870	<	zd = sqrt(1.0 - zd*zd);
871	<	for (k = 0; k < 3; k++)
872	<	ar.rdir[k] = xd*ux[k]+yd*uy[k]+zd*r->ron[k];
873	<	rayvalue(&ar);
874	<	if (ar.rot < FHUGE)
875	<	arad += 1.0 / ar.rot;
876	<	if (ns > 0) {                   /* save division */
877	<	div[ne].k = 0.0;
878	<	copycolor(div[ne].v, ar.rcol);
879	<	div[ne].n = 0;
880	<	div[ne].t = i; div[ne].p = j;
881	<	/* sum errors */
882	<	xd = bright(ar.rcol);
883	<	if (i > 0) {            /* from above */
884	<	yd = bright(div[ne-np].v) - xd;
885	<	yd *= yd * 0.25;
886	<	div[ne].k += yd;
887	<	div[ne].n++;
888	<	div[ne-np].k += yd;
889	<	div[ne-np].n++;
890	<	}
891	<	if (j > 0) {            /* from behind */
892	<	yd = bright(div[ne-1].v) - xd;
893	<	yd *= yd * 0.25;
894	<	div[ne].k += yd;
895	<	div[ne].n++;
896	<	div[ne-1].k += yd;
897	<	div[ne-1].n++;
898	<	}
899	<	if (j == np-1) {        /* around */
900	<	yd = bright(div[ne-(np-1)].v) - xd;
901	<	yd *= yd * 0.25;
902	<	div[ne].k += yd;
903	<	div[ne].n++;
904	<	div[ne-(np-1)].k += yd;
905	<	div[ne-(np-1)].n++;
906	<	}
907	<	ne++;
908	<	} else
909	<	addcolor(acol, ar.rcol);
910	<	}
911	<	for (k = 0; k < ne; k++) {              /* compute errors */
912	<	if (div[k].n > 1)
913	<	div[k].k /= div[k].n;
914	<	div[k].n = 1;
856	>	av->next = ap->next;
857	>	ap->next = (AMBVAL*)av;
858	>	at->alist = avh.next;
859	>	}
860	>
861	>	#endif  /* ! NEWAMB */
862	>
863	>	/************* FOLLOWING ROUTINES SAME FOR NEW & OLD METHODS ***************/
864	>
865	>	static void
866	>	initambfile(            /* initialize ambient file */
867	>	int  cre8
868	>	)
869	>	{
870	>	extern char  *progname, *octname;
871	>	static char  *mybuf = NULL;
872	>
873	>	#ifdef  F_SETLKW
874	>	aflock(cre8 ? F_WRLCK : F_RDLCK);
875	>	#endif
876	>	SET_FILE_BINARY(ambfp);
877	>	if (mybuf == NULL)
878	>	mybuf = (char *)bmalloc(BUFSIZ+8);
879	>	setbuf(ambfp, mybuf);
880	>	if (cre8) {                     /* new file */
881	>	newheader("RADIANCE", ambfp);
882	>	fprintf(ambfp, "%s -av %g %g %g -aw %d -ab %d -aa %g ",
883	>	progname, colval(ambval,RED),
884	>	colval(ambval,GRN), colval(ambval,BLU),
885	>	ambvwt, ambounce, ambacc);
886	>	fprintf(ambfp, "-ad %d -as %d -ar %d ",
887	>	ambdiv, ambssamp, ambres);
888	>	if (octname != NULL)
889	>	fputs(octname, ambfp);
890	>	fputc('\n', ambfp);
891	>	fprintf(ambfp, "SOFTWARE= %s\n", VersionID);
892	>	fputnow(ambfp);
893	>	fputformat(AMBFMT, ambfp);
894	>	fputc('\n', ambfp);
895	>	putambmagic(ambfp);
896	>	} else if (checkheader(ambfp, AMBFMT, NULL) < 0 || !hasambmagic(ambfp))
897	>	error(USER, "bad ambient file");
898	>	}
899	>
900	>
901	>	static void
902	>	avsave(                         /* insert and save an ambient value */
903	>	AMBVAL  *av
904	>	)
905	>	{
906	>	avinsert(avstore(av));
907	>	if (ambfp == NULL)
908	>	return;
909	>	if (writambval(av, ambfp) < 0)
910	>	goto writerr;
911	>	if (++nunflshed >= AMBFLUSH)
912	>	if (ambsync() == EOF)
913	>	goto writerr;
914	>	return;
915	>	writerr:
916	>	error(SYSTEM, "error writing to ambient file");
917	>	}
918	>
919	>
920	>	static AMBVAL *
921	>	avstore(                                /* allocate memory and store aval */
922	>	AMBVAL  *aval
923	>	)
924	>	{
925	>	AMBVAL  *av;
926	>	double  d;
927	>
928	>	if ((av = newambval()) == NULL)
929	>	error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in avstore");
930	>	*av = *aval;
931	>	av->latick = ambclock;
932	>	av->next = NULL;
933	>	nambvals++;
934	>	d = bright(av->val);
935	>	if (d > FTINY) {                /* add to log sum for averaging */
936	>	avsum += log(d);
937	>	navsum++;
938		}
939	<	/* sort the divisions */
940	<	qsort(div, ne, sizeof(AMBSAMP), ambcmp);
941	<	/* skim excess */
942	<	while (ne > ns) {
943	<	ne--;
944	<	addcolor(acol, div[ne].v);
939	>	return(av);
940	>	}
941	>
942	>
943	>	#define ATALLOCSZ       512             /* #/8 trees to allocate at once */
944	>
945	>	static AMBTREE  *atfreelist = NULL;     /* free ambient tree structures */
946	>
947	>
948	>	static AMBTREE *
949	>	newambtree(void)                                /* allocate 8 ambient tree structs */
950	>	{
951	>	AMBTREE  *atp, *upperlim;
952	>
953	>	if (atfreelist == NULL) {       /* get more nodes */
954	>	atfreelist = (AMBTREE *)malloc(ATALLOCSZ*8*sizeof(AMBTREE));
955	>	if (atfreelist == NULL)
956	>	return(NULL);
957	>	/* link new free list */
958	>	upperlim = atfreelist + 8*(ATALLOCSZ-1);
959	>	for (atp = atfreelist; atp < upperlim; atp += 8)
960	>	atp->kid = atp + 8;
961	>	atp->kid = NULL;
962		}
963	<	/* super-sample */
964	<	for (i = ns; i > 0; i--) {
965	<	rayorigin(&ar, r, AMBIENT, 0.5);        /* pretested */
966	<	zd = sqrt((div[0].t+frandom())/nt);
967	<	phi = 2.0*PI * (div[0].p+frandom())/np;
369	<	xd = cos(phi) * zd;
370	<	yd = sin(phi) * zd;
371	<	zd = sqrt(1.0 - zd*zd);
372	<	for (k = 0; k < 3; k++)
373	<	ar.rdir[k] = xd*ux[k]+yd*uy[k]+zd*r->ron[k];
374	<	rayvalue(&ar);
375	<	if (ar.rot < FHUGE)
376	<	arad += 1.0 / ar.rot;
377	<	/* recompute error */
378	<	copycolor(dnew.v, div[0].v);
379	<	addcolor(dnew.v, ar.rcol);
380	<	dnew.n = div[0].n + 1;
381	<	dnew.t = div[0].t; dnew.p = div[0].p;
382	<	yd = bright(dnew.v)/dnew.n - bright(ar.rcol);
383	<	yd = yd*yd + div[0].k*(div[0].n*div[0].n);
384	<	dnew.k = yd/(dnew.n*dnew.n);
385	<	/* reinsert */
386	<	for (k = 0; k < ne-1 && dnew.k < div[k+1].k; k++)
387	<	bcopy(&div[k+1], &div[k], sizeof(AMBSAMP));
388	<	bcopy(&dnew, &div[k], sizeof(AMBSAMP));
963	>	atp = atfreelist;
964	>	atfreelist = atp->kid;
965	>	memset((char *)atp, '\0', 8*sizeof(AMBTREE));
966	>	return(atp);
967	>	}
968
969	<	if (ne >= i) {          /* extract darkest division */
970	<	ne--;
971	<	if (div[ne].n > 1)
972	<	scalecolor(div[ne].v, 1.0/div[ne].n);
973	<	addcolor(acol, div[ne].v);
974	<	}
969	>
970	>	static void
971	>	freeambtree(                    /* free 8 ambient tree structs */
972	>	AMBTREE  *atp
973	>	)
974	>	{
975	>	atp->kid = atfreelist;
976	>	atfreelist = atp;
977	>	}
978	>
979	>
980	>	static void
981	>	unloadatree(                    /* unload an ambient value tree */
982	>	AMBTREE  *at,
983	>	unloadtf_t *f
984	>	)
985	>	{
986	>	AMBVAL  *av;
987	>	int  i;
988	>	/* transfer values at this node */
989	>	for (av = at->alist; av != NULL; av = at->alist) {
990	>	at->alist = av->next;
991	>	(*f)(av);
992		}
993	<	scalecolor(acol, 1.0/ndivs);
994	<	if (arad <= FTINY)
995	<	arad = FHUGE;
996	<	else
997	<	arad = (ndivs+ns) / arad / sqrt(r->rweight);
998	<	if (arad > maxarad)
403	<	arad = maxarad;
404	<	else if (arad < minarad)
405	<	arad = minarad;
406	<	if (ns > 0)
407	<	free((char *)div);
408	<	return(arad);
993	>	if (at->kid == NULL)
994	>	return;
995	>	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)         /* transfer and free children */
996	>	unloadatree(at->kid+i, f);
997	>	freeambtree(at->kid);
998	>	at->kid = NULL;
999		}
1000
1001
1002	+	static struct avl {
1003	+	AMBVAL  *p;
1004	+	unsigned long   t;
1005	+	}       *avlist1;                       /* ambient value list with ticks */
1006	+	static AMBVAL   **avlist2;              /* memory positions for sorting */
1007	+	static int      i_avlist;               /* index for lists */
1008	+
1009	+	static int alatcmp(const void *av1, const void *av2);
1010	+
1011	+	static void
1012	+	avfree(AMBVAL *av)
1013	+	{
1014	+	free(av);
1015	+	}
1016	+
1017	+	static void
1018	+	av2list(
1019	+	AMBVAL *av
1020	+	)
1021	+	{
1022	+	#ifdef DEBUG
1023	+	if (i_avlist >= nambvals)
1024	+	error(CONSISTENCY, "too many ambient values in av2list1");
1025	+	#endif
1026	+	avlist1[i_avlist].p = avlist2[i_avlist] = (AMBVAL*)av;
1027	+	avlist1[i_avlist++].t = av->latick;
1028	+	}
1029	+
1030	+
1031		static int
1032	<	ambcmp(d1, d2)                          /* decreasing order */
1033	<	AMBSAMP  *d1, *d2;
1032	>	alatcmp(                        /* compare ambient values for MRA */
1033	>	const void *av1,
1034	>	const void *av2
1035	>	)
1036		{
1037	<	if (d1->k < d2->k)
1038	<	return(1);
1039	<	if (d1->k > d2->k)
1037	>	long  lc = ((struct avl *)av2)->t - ((struct avl *)av1)->t;
1038	>	return(lc<0 ? -1 : lc>0 ? 1 : 0);
1039	>	}
1040	>
1041	>
1042	>	/* GW NOTE 2002/10/3:
1043	>	* I used to compare AMBVAL pointers, but found that this was the
1044	>	* cause of a serious consistency error with gcc, since the optimizer
1045	>	* uses some dangerous trick in pointer subtraction that
1046	>	* assumes pointers differ by exact struct size increments.
1047	>	*/
1048	>	static int
1049	>	aposcmp(                        /* compare ambient value positions */
1050	>	const void      *avp1,
1051	>	const void      *avp2
1052	>	)
1053	>	{
1054	>	long    diff = *(char * const *)avp1 - *(char * const *)avp2;
1055	>	if (diff < 0)
1056		return(-1);
1057	<	return(0);
1057	>	return(diff > 0);
1058		}
1059
1060
1061	<	static
1062	<	avsave(av)                              /* save an ambient value */
1063	<	AMBVAL  *av;
1061	>	static int
1062	>	avlmemi(                                /* find list position from address */
1063	>	AMBVAL  *avaddr
1064	>	)
1065		{
1066	<	#ifdef  AMBFLUSH
1067	<	static int  nunflshed = 0;
1068	<	#endif
1069	<	if (ambfp == NULL)
1066	>	AMBVAL  **avlpp;
1067	>
1068	>	avlpp = (AMBVAL **)bsearch((char *)&avaddr, (char *)avlist2,
1069	>	nambvals, sizeof(AMBVAL *), &aposcmp);
1070	>	if (avlpp == NULL)
1071	>	error(CONSISTENCY, "address not found in avlmemi");
1072	>	return(avlpp - avlist2);
1073	>	}
1074	>
1075	>
1076	>	static void
1077	>	sortambvals(                    /* resort ambient values */
1078	>	int     always
1079	>	)
1080	>	{
1081	>	AMBTREE  oldatrunk;
1082	>	AMBVAL  tav, *tap, *pnext;
1083	>	int     i, j;
1084	>	/* see if it's time yet */
1085	>	if (!always && (ambclock++ < lastsort+sortintvl ||
1086	>	nambvals < SORT_THRESH))
1087		return;
1088	<	if (fwrite(av, sizeof(AMBVAL), 1, ambfp) != 1)
1089	<	goto writerr;
1090	<	#ifdef  AMBFLUSH
1091	<	if (++nunflshed >= AMBFLUSH) {
1092	<	if (fflush(ambfp) == EOF)
1093	<	goto writerr;
1094	<	nunflshed = 0;
1088	>	/*
1089	>	* The idea here is to minimize memory thrashing
1090	>	* in VM systems by improving reference locality.
1091	>	* We do this by periodically sorting our stored ambient
1092	>	* values in memory in order of most recently to least
1093	>	* recently accessed.  This ordering was chosen so that new
1094	>	* ambient values (which tend to be less important) go into
1095	>	* higher memory with the infrequently accessed values.
1096	>	*      Since we expect our values to need sorting less
1097	>	* frequently as the process continues, we double our
1098	>	* waiting interval after each call.
1099	>	*      This routine is also called by setambacc() with
1100	>	* the "always" parameter set to 1 so that the ambient
1101	>	* tree will be rebuilt with the new accuracy parameter.
1102	>	*/
1103	>	if (tracktime) {                /* allocate pointer arrays to sort */
1104	>	avlist2 = (AMBVAL **)malloc(nambvals*sizeof(AMBVAL *));
1105	>	avlist1 = (struct avl *)malloc(nambvals*sizeof(struct avl));
1106	>	} else {
1107	>	avlist2 = NULL;
1108	>	avlist1 = NULL;
1109		}
1110	+	if (avlist1 == NULL) {          /* no time tracking -- rebuild tree? */
1111	+	if (avlist2 != NULL)
1112	+	free((void *)avlist2);
1113	+	if (always) {           /* rebuild without sorting */
1114	+	oldatrunk = atrunk;
1115	+	atrunk.alist = NULL;
1116	+	atrunk.kid = NULL;
1117	+	unloadatree(&oldatrunk, &avinsert);
1118	+	}
1119	+	} else {                        /* sort memory by last access time */
1120	+	/*
1121	+	* Sorting memory is tricky because it isn't contiguous.
1122	+	* We have to sort an array of pointers by MRA and also
1123	+	* by memory position.  We then copy values in "loops"
1124	+	* to minimize memory hits.  Nevertheless, we will visit
1125	+	* everyone at least twice, and this is an expensive process
1126	+	* when we're thrashing, which is when we need to do it.
1127	+	*/
1128	+	#ifdef DEBUG
1129	+	sprintf(errmsg, "sorting %u ambient values at ambclock=%lu...",
1130	+	nambvals, ambclock);
1131	+	eputs(errmsg);
1132		#endif
1133	<	return;
1134	<	writerr:
1135	<	error(SYSTEM, "error writing ambient file");
1133	>	i_avlist = 0;
1134	>	unloadatree(&atrunk, &av2list); /* empty current tree */
1135	>	#ifdef DEBUG
1136	>	if (i_avlist < nambvals)
1137	>	error(CONSISTENCY, "missing ambient values in sortambvals");
1138	>	#endif
1139	>	qsort((char *)avlist1, nambvals, sizeof(struct avl), &alatcmp);
1140	>	qsort((char *)avlist2, nambvals, sizeof(AMBVAL *), &aposcmp);
1141	>	for (i = 0; i < nambvals; i++) {
1142	>	if (avlist1[i].p == NULL)
1143	>	continue;
1144	>	tap = avlist2[i];
1145	>	tav = *tap;
1146	>	for (j = i; (pnext = avlist1[j].p) != tap;
1147	>	j = avlmemi(pnext)) {
1148	>	*(avlist2[j]) = *pnext;
1149	>	avinsert(avlist2[j]);
1150	>	avlist1[j].p = NULL;
1151	>	}
1152	>	*(avlist2[j]) = tav;
1153	>	avinsert(avlist2[j]);
1154	>	avlist1[j].p = NULL;
1155	>	}
1156	>	free((void *)avlist1);
1157	>	free((void *)avlist2);
1158	>	/* compute new sort interval */
1159	>	sortintvl = ambclock - lastsort;
1160	>	if (sortintvl >= MAX_SORT_INTVL/2)
1161	>	sortintvl = MAX_SORT_INTVL;
1162	>	else
1163	>	sortintvl <<= 1;        /* wait twice as long next */
1164	>	#ifdef DEBUG
1165	>	eputs("done\n");
1166	>	#endif
1167	>	}
1168	>	if (ambclock >= MAXACLOCK)
1169	>	ambclock = MAXACLOCK/2;
1170	>	lastsort = ambclock;
1171		}
1172
1173
1174	<	static
1175	<	avinsert(aval, at, c0, s)               /* insert ambient value in a tree */
1176	<	AMBVAL  *aval;
1177	<	register AMBTREE  *at;
1178	<	FVECT  c0;
1179	<	double  s;
1174	>	#ifdef  F_SETLKW
1175	>
1176	>	static void
1177	>	aflock(                 /* lock/unlock ambient file */
1178	>	int  typ
1179	>	)
1180		{
1181	<	FVECT  ck0;
456	<	int  branch;
457	<	register AMBVAL  *av;
458	<	register int  i;
1181	>	static struct flock  fls;       /* static so initialized to zeroes */
1182
1183	<	if ((av = newambval()) == NULL)
1184	<	goto memerr;
1185	<	bcopy(aval, av, sizeof(AMBVAL));
1186	<	VCOPY(ck0, c0);
1187	<	while (s*(OCTSCALE/2) > av->rad*ambacc) {
1188	<	if (at->kid == NULL)
1189	<	if ((at->kid = newambtree()) == NULL)
1190	<	goto memerr;
1191	<	s *= 0.5;
1192	<	branch = 0;
1193	<	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
1194	<	if (av->pos[i] > ck0[i] + s) {
1195	<	ck0[i] += s;
1196	<	branch |= 1 << i;
1183	>	if (typ == fls.l_type)          /* already called? */
1184	>	return;
1185	>	fls.l_type = typ;
1186	>	if (fcntl(fileno(ambfp), F_SETLKW, &fls) < 0)
1187	>	error(SYSTEM, "cannot (un)lock ambient file");
1188	>	}
1189	>
1190	>
1191	>	int
1192	>	ambsync(void)                   /* synchronize ambient file */
1193	>	{
1194	>	long  flen;
1195	>	AMBVAL  avs;
1196	>	int  n;
1197	>
1198	>	if (ambfp == NULL)      /* no ambient file? */
1199	>	return(0);
1200	>	/* gain appropriate access */
1201	>	aflock(nunflshed ? F_WRLCK : F_RDLCK);
1202	>	/* see if file has grown */
1203	>	if ((flen = lseek(fileno(ambfp), (off_t)0, SEEK_END)) < 0)
1204	>	goto seekerr;
1205	>	if ((n = flen - lastpos) > 0) {         /* file has grown */
1206	>	if (ambinp == NULL) {           /* use duplicate filedes */
1207	>	ambinp = fdopen(dup(fileno(ambfp)), "r");
1208	>	if (ambinp == NULL)
1209	>	error(SYSTEM, "fdopen failed in ambsync");
1210	>	}
1211	>	if (fseek(ambinp, lastpos, SEEK_SET) < 0)
1212	>	goto seekerr;
1213	>	while (n >= AMBVALSIZ) {        /* load contributed values */
1214	>	if (!readambval(&avs, ambinp)) {
1215	>	sprintf(errmsg,
1216	>	"ambient file \"%s\" corrupted near character %ld",
1217	>	ambfile, flen - n);
1218	>	error(WARNING, errmsg);
1219	>	break;
1220		}
1221	<	at = at->kid + branch;
1221	>	avinsert(avstore(&avs));
1222	>	n -= AMBVALSIZ;
1223	>	}
1224	>	lastpos = flen - n;
1225	>	/*** seek always as safety measure
1226	>	if (n) ***/                     /* alignment */
1227	>	if (lseek(fileno(ambfp), (off_t)lastpos, SEEK_SET) < 0)
1228	>	goto seekerr;
1229		}
1230	<	av->next = at->alist;
1231	<	at->alist = av;
1232	<	return;
1233	<	memerr:
1234	<	error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in avinsert");
1230	>	n = fflush(ambfp);                      /* calls write() at last */
1231	>	if (n != EOF)
1232	>	lastpos += (long)nunflshed*AMBVALSIZ;
1233	>	else if ((lastpos = lseek(fileno(ambfp), (off_t)0, SEEK_CUR)) < 0)
1234	>	goto seekerr;
1235	>
1236	>	aflock(F_UNLCK);                        /* release file */
1237	>	nunflshed = 0;
1238	>	return(n);
1239	>	seekerr:
1240	>	error(SYSTEM, "seek failed in ambsync");
1241	>	return -1; /* pro forma return */
1242		}
1243	+
1244	+	#else   /* ! F_SETLKW */
1245	+
1246	+	int
1247	+	ambsync(void)                   /* flush ambient file */
1248	+	{
1249	+	if (ambfp == NULL)
1250	+	return(0);
1251	+	nunflshed = 0;
1252	+	return(fflush(ambfp));
1253	+	}
1254	+
1255	+	#endif  /* ! F_SETLKW */

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