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greg |
1.1 |
/* Copyright (c) 1986 Regents of the University of California */ |
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#ifndef lint |
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static char SCCSid[] = "$SunId$ LBL"; |
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#endif |
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/* |
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* ambient.c - routines dealing with ambient (inter-reflected) component. |
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* |
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* The macro AMBFLUSH (if defined) is the number of ambient values |
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* to wait before flushing to the ambient file. |
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* |
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* 5/9/86 |
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*/ |
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#include "ray.h" |
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#include "octree.h" |
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#include "random.h" |
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#define OCTSCALE 0.5 /* ceil((valid rad.)/(cube size)) */ |
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extern CUBE thescene; /* contains space boundaries */ |
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extern COLOR ambval; /* global ambient component */ |
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extern double ambacc; /* ambient accuracy */ |
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extern int ambres; /* ambient resolution */ |
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extern int ambdiv; /* number of divisions for calculation */ |
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extern int ambssamp; /* number of super-samples */ |
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extern int ambounce; /* number of ambient bounces */ |
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extern char *amblist[]; /* ambient include/exclude list */ |
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extern int ambincl; /* include == 1, exclude == 0 */ |
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OBJECT ambset[128]; /* ambient include/exclude set */ |
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double maxarad; /* maximum ambient radius */ |
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double minarad; /* minimum ambient radius */ |
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typedef struct ambval { |
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FVECT pos; /* position in space */ |
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FVECT dir; /* normal direction */ |
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int lvl; /* recursion level of parent ray */ |
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float weight; /* weight of parent ray */ |
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COLOR val; /* computed ambient value */ |
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float rad; /* validity radius */ |
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struct ambval *next; /* next in list */ |
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} AMBVAL; /* ambient value */ |
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typedef struct ambtree { |
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AMBVAL *alist; /* ambient value list */ |
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struct ambtree *kid; /* 8 child nodes */ |
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} AMBTREE; /* ambient octree */ |
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typedef struct { |
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float k; /* error contribution per sample */ |
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COLOR v; /* ray sum */ |
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int n; /* number of samples */ |
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short t, p; /* theta, phi indices */ |
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} AMBSAMP; /* ambient sample */ |
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static AMBTREE atrunk; /* our ambient trunk node */ |
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static FILE *ambfp = NULL; /* ambient file pointer */ |
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#define newambval() (AMBVAL *)bmalloc(sizeof(AMBVAL)) |
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#define newambtree() (AMBTREE *)calloc(8, sizeof(AMBTREE)) |
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double sumambient(), doambient(), makeambient(); |
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setambient(afile) /* initialize calculation */ |
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char *afile; |
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{ |
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long ftell(); |
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char **amblp; |
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OBJECT obj; |
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AMBVAL amb; |
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/* set up ambient set */ |
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ambset[0] = 0; |
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for (amblp = amblist; *amblp != NULL; amblp++) { |
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if ((obj = modifier(*amblp)) == OVOID) { |
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sprintf(errmsg, "unknown %s modifier \"%s\"", |
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ambincl ? "include" : "exclude", *amblp); |
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error(WARNING, errmsg); |
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continue; |
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} |
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if (!inset(ambset, obj)) |
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insertelem(ambset, obj); |
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} |
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maxarad = thescene.cusize / 2.0; /* maximum radius */ |
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/* minimum radius */ |
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minarad = ambres > 0 ? thescene.cusize/ambres : 0.0; |
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/* open ambient file */ |
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if (afile != NULL) |
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if ((ambfp = fopen(afile, "r+")) != NULL) { |
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while (fread(&amb, sizeof(AMBVAL), 1, ambfp) == 1) |
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avinsert(&amb, &atrunk, thescene.cuorg, |
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thescene.cusize); |
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/* align */ |
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fseek(ambfp, -(ftell(ambfp)%sizeof(AMBVAL)), 1); |
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} else if ((ambfp = fopen(afile, "w")) == NULL) { |
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sprintf(errmsg, "cannot open ambient file \"%s\"", |
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afile); |
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error(SYSTEM, errmsg); |
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} |
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} |
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ambient(acol, r) /* compute ambient component for ray */ |
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COLOR acol; |
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register RAY *r; |
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{ |
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static int rdepth = 0; /* ambient recursion */ |
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double wsum; |
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rdepth++; /* increment level */ |
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| 121 |
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if (ambdiv <= 0) /* no ambient calculation */ |
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goto dumbamb; |
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/* check number of bounces */ |
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if (rdepth > ambounce) |
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goto dumbamb; |
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/* check ambient list */ |
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if (ambincl != -1 && r->ro != NULL && |
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ambincl != inset(ambset, r->ro->omod)) |
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goto dumbamb; |
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if (ambacc <= FTINY) { /* no ambient storage */ |
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if (doambient(acol, r) == 0.0) |
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goto dumbamb; |
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goto done; |
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} |
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/* get ambient value */ |
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setcolor(acol, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); |
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wsum = sumambient(acol, r, &atrunk, thescene.cuorg, thescene.cusize); |
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if (wsum > FTINY) |
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scalecolor(acol, 1.0/wsum); |
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else if (makeambient(acol, r) == 0.0) |
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goto dumbamb; |
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goto done; |
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| 145 |
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dumbamb: /* return global value */ |
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copycolor(acol, ambval); |
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done: /* must finish here! */ |
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rdepth--; |
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} |
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double |
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sumambient(acol, r, at, c0, s) /* get interpolated ambient value */ |
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COLOR acol; |
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register RAY *r; |
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AMBTREE *at; |
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FVECT c0; |
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double s; |
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{ |
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extern double sqrt(); |
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double d, e1, e2, wt, wsum; |
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COLOR ct; |
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FVECT ck0; |
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int i; |
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register int j; |
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register AMBVAL *av; |
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greg |
1.7 |
/* do this node */ |
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greg |
1.1 |
wsum = 0.0; |
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for (av = at->alist; av != NULL; av = av->next) { |
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/* |
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* Ray strength test. |
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*/ |
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if (av->lvl > r->rlvl || av->weight < r->rweight-FTINY) |
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continue; |
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/* |
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* Ambient radius test. |
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*/ |
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e1 = 0.0; |
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for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) { |
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d = av->pos[j] - r->rop[j]; |
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e1 += d * d; |
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} |
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e1 /= av->rad * av->rad; |
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if (e1 > ambacc*ambacc*1.21) |
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continue; |
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/* |
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* Normal direction test. |
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*/ |
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e2 = (1.0 - DOT(av->dir, r->ron)) * r->rweight; |
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if (e2 < 0.0) e2 = 0.0; |
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if (e1 + e2 > ambacc*ambacc*1.21) |
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continue; |
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/* |
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* Ray behind test. |
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*/ |
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d = 0.0; |
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for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) |
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d += (r->rop[j] - av->pos[j]) * |
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(av->dir[j] + r->ron[j]); |
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if (d < -minarad) |
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continue; |
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/* |
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* Jittering final test reduces image artifacts. |
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*/ |
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wt = sqrt(e1) + sqrt(e2); |
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greg |
1.7 |
wt *= .9 + .2*frandom(); |
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greg |
1.6 |
if (wt > ambacc) |
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greg |
1.1 |
continue; |
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if (wt <= 1e-3) |
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wt = 1e3; |
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else |
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wt = 1.0 / wt; |
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wsum += wt; |
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copycolor(ct, av->val); |
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scalecolor(ct, wt); |
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addcolor(acol, ct); |
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greg |
1.7 |
} |
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if (at->kid == NULL) |
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return(wsum); |
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/* do children */ |
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s *= 0.5; |
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for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { |
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for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) { |
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ck0[j] = c0[j]; |
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if (1<<j & i) |
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ck0[j] += s; |
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if (r->rop[j] < ck0[j] - OCTSCALE*s) |
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break; |
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if (r->rop[j] > ck0[j] + (1.0+OCTSCALE)*s) |
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break; |
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} |
| 232 |
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if (j == 3) |
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wsum += sumambient(acol, r, at->kid+i, ck0, s); |
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greg |
1.1 |
} |
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return(wsum); |
| 236 |
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} |
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| 238 |
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| 239 |
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double |
| 240 |
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makeambient(acol, r) /* make a new ambient value */ |
| 241 |
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COLOR acol; |
| 242 |
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register RAY *r; |
| 243 |
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{ |
| 244 |
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AMBVAL amb; |
| 245 |
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| 246 |
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amb.rad = doambient(acol, r); /* compute ambient */ |
| 247 |
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if (amb.rad == 0.0) |
| 248 |
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return(0.0); |
| 249 |
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/* store it */ |
| 250 |
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VCOPY(amb.pos, r->rop); |
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VCOPY(amb.dir, r->ron); |
| 252 |
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amb.lvl = r->rlvl; |
| 253 |
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amb.weight = r->rweight; |
| 254 |
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copycolor(amb.val, acol); |
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/* insert into tree */ |
| 256 |
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avinsert(&amb, &atrunk, thescene.cuorg, thescene.cusize); |
| 257 |
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avsave(&amb); /* write to file */ |
| 258 |
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return(amb.rad); |
| 259 |
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} |
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| 262 |
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double |
| 263 |
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doambient(acol, r) /* compute ambient component */ |
| 264 |
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COLOR acol; |
| 265 |
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register RAY *r; |
| 266 |
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{ |
| 267 |
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extern int ambcmp(); |
| 268 |
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extern double sin(), cos(), sqrt(); |
| 269 |
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double phi, xd, yd, zd; |
| 270 |
greg |
1.3 |
double b, b2; |
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greg |
1.1 |
register AMBSAMP *div; |
| 272 |
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AMBSAMP dnew; |
| 273 |
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RAY ar; |
| 274 |
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FVECT ux, uy; |
| 275 |
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double arad; |
| 276 |
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int ndivs, nt, np, ns, ne, i, j; |
| 277 |
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register int k; |
| 278 |
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| 279 |
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setcolor(acol, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); |
| 280 |
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/* set number of divisions */ |
| 281 |
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nt = sqrt(ambdiv * r->rweight * 0.5) + 0.5; |
| 282 |
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np = 2 * nt; |
| 283 |
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ndivs = nt * np; |
| 284 |
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/* check first */ |
| 285 |
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if (ndivs == 0 || rayorigin(&ar, r, AMBIENT, 0.5) < 0) |
| 286 |
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return(0.0); |
| 287 |
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/* set number of super-samples */ |
| 288 |
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ns = ambssamp * r->rweight + 0.5; |
| 289 |
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if (ns > 0) { |
| 290 |
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div = (AMBSAMP *)malloc(ndivs*sizeof(AMBSAMP)); |
| 291 |
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if (div == NULL) |
| 292 |
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error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in doambient"); |
| 293 |
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} |
| 294 |
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/* make axes */ |
| 295 |
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uy[0] = uy[1] = uy[2] = 0.0; |
| 296 |
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for (k = 0; k < 3; k++) |
| 297 |
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if (r->ron[k] < 0.6 && r->ron[k] > -0.6) |
| 298 |
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break; |
| 299 |
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uy[k] = 1.0; |
| 300 |
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fcross(ux, r->ron, uy); |
| 301 |
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normalize(ux); |
| 302 |
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fcross(uy, ux, r->ron); |
| 303 |
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/* sample divisions */ |
| 304 |
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arad = 0.0; |
| 305 |
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ne = 0; |
| 306 |
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for (i = 0; i < nt; i++) |
| 307 |
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for (j = 0; j < np; j++) { |
| 308 |
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rayorigin(&ar, r, AMBIENT, 0.5); /* pretested */ |
| 309 |
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zd = sqrt((i+frandom())/nt); |
| 310 |
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phi = 2.0*PI * (j+frandom())/np; |
| 311 |
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xd = cos(phi) * zd; |
| 312 |
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yd = sin(phi) * zd; |
| 313 |
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zd = sqrt(1.0 - zd*zd); |
| 314 |
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for (k = 0; k < 3; k++) |
| 315 |
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ar.rdir[k] = xd*ux[k]+yd*uy[k]+zd*r->ron[k]; |
| 316 |
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rayvalue(&ar); |
| 317 |
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if (ar.rot < FHUGE) |
| 318 |
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arad += 1.0 / ar.rot; |
| 319 |
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if (ns > 0) { /* save division */ |
| 320 |
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div[ne].k = 0.0; |
| 321 |
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copycolor(div[ne].v, ar.rcol); |
| 322 |
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div[ne].n = 0; |
| 323 |
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div[ne].t = i; div[ne].p = j; |
| 324 |
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/* sum errors */ |
| 325 |
greg |
1.3 |
b = bright(ar.rcol); |
| 326 |
greg |
1.1 |
if (i > 0) { /* from above */ |
| 327 |
greg |
1.3 |
b2 = bright(div[ne-np].v) - b; |
| 328 |
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b2 *= b2 * 0.25; |
| 329 |
|
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div[ne].k += b2; |
| 330 |
greg |
1.1 |
div[ne].n++; |
| 331 |
greg |
1.3 |
div[ne-np].k += b2; |
| 332 |
greg |
1.1 |
div[ne-np].n++; |
| 333 |
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} |
| 334 |
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if (j > 0) { /* from behind */ |
| 335 |
greg |
1.3 |
b2 = bright(div[ne-1].v) - b; |
| 336 |
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b2 *= b2 * 0.25; |
| 337 |
|
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div[ne].k += b2; |
| 338 |
greg |
1.1 |
div[ne].n++; |
| 339 |
greg |
1.3 |
div[ne-1].k += b2; |
| 340 |
greg |
1.1 |
div[ne-1].n++; |
| 341 |
|
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} |
| 342 |
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if (j == np-1) { /* around */ |
| 343 |
greg |
1.3 |
b2 = bright(div[ne-(np-1)].v) - b; |
| 344 |
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b2 *= b2 * 0.25; |
| 345 |
|
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div[ne].k += b2; |
| 346 |
greg |
1.1 |
div[ne].n++; |
| 347 |
greg |
1.3 |
div[ne-(np-1)].k += b2; |
| 348 |
greg |
1.1 |
div[ne-(np-1)].n++; |
| 349 |
|
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} |
| 350 |
|
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ne++; |
| 351 |
|
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} else |
| 352 |
|
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addcolor(acol, ar.rcol); |
| 353 |
|
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} |
| 354 |
|
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for (k = 0; k < ne; k++) { /* compute errors */ |
| 355 |
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if (div[k].n > 1) |
| 356 |
|
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div[k].k /= div[k].n; |
| 357 |
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div[k].n = 1; |
| 358 |
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} |
| 359 |
|
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/* sort the divisions */ |
| 360 |
|
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qsort(div, ne, sizeof(AMBSAMP), ambcmp); |
| 361 |
|
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/* skim excess */ |
| 362 |
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while (ne > ns) { |
| 363 |
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ne--; |
| 364 |
|
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addcolor(acol, div[ne].v); |
| 365 |
|
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} |
| 366 |
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/* super-sample */ |
| 367 |
|
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for (i = ns; i > 0; i--) { |
| 368 |
|
|
rayorigin(&ar, r, AMBIENT, 0.5); /* pretested */ |
| 369 |
|
|
zd = sqrt((div[0].t+frandom())/nt); |
| 370 |
|
|
phi = 2.0*PI * (div[0].p+frandom())/np; |
| 371 |
|
|
xd = cos(phi) * zd; |
| 372 |
|
|
yd = sin(phi) * zd; |
| 373 |
|
|
zd = sqrt(1.0 - zd*zd); |
| 374 |
|
|
for (k = 0; k < 3; k++) |
| 375 |
|
|
ar.rdir[k] = xd*ux[k]+yd*uy[k]+zd*r->ron[k]; |
| 376 |
|
|
rayvalue(&ar); |
| 377 |
|
|
if (ar.rot < FHUGE) |
| 378 |
|
|
arad += 1.0 / ar.rot; |
| 379 |
|
|
/* recompute error */ |
| 380 |
|
|
copycolor(dnew.v, div[0].v); |
| 381 |
|
|
addcolor(dnew.v, ar.rcol); |
| 382 |
|
|
dnew.n = div[0].n + 1; |
| 383 |
|
|
dnew.t = div[0].t; dnew.p = div[0].p; |
| 384 |
greg |
1.3 |
b2 = bright(dnew.v)/dnew.n - bright(ar.rcol); |
| 385 |
greg |
1.5 |
b2 = b2*b2 + div[0].k*(div[0].n*div[0].n); |
| 386 |
|
|
dnew.k = b2/(dnew.n*dnew.n); |
| 387 |
greg |
1.1 |
/* reinsert */ |
| 388 |
|
|
for (k = 0; k < ne-1 && dnew.k < div[k+1].k; k++) |
| 389 |
|
|
bcopy(&div[k+1], &div[k], sizeof(AMBSAMP)); |
| 390 |
|
|
bcopy(&dnew, &div[k], sizeof(AMBSAMP)); |
| 391 |
|
|
|
| 392 |
|
|
if (ne >= i) { /* extract darkest division */ |
| 393 |
|
|
ne--; |
| 394 |
|
|
if (div[ne].n > 1) |
| 395 |
|
|
scalecolor(div[ne].v, 1.0/div[ne].n); |
| 396 |
|
|
addcolor(acol, div[ne].v); |
| 397 |
|
|
} |
| 398 |
|
|
} |
| 399 |
|
|
scalecolor(acol, 1.0/ndivs); |
| 400 |
|
|
if (arad <= FTINY) |
| 401 |
|
|
arad = FHUGE; |
| 402 |
|
|
else |
| 403 |
|
|
arad = (ndivs+ns) / arad / sqrt(r->rweight); |
| 404 |
|
|
if (arad > maxarad) |
| 405 |
|
|
arad = maxarad; |
| 406 |
|
|
else if (arad < minarad) |
| 407 |
|
|
arad = minarad; |
| 408 |
|
|
if (ns > 0) |
| 409 |
|
|
free((char *)div); |
| 410 |
|
|
return(arad); |
| 411 |
|
|
} |
| 412 |
|
|
|
| 413 |
|
|
|
| 414 |
|
|
static int |
| 415 |
|
|
ambcmp(d1, d2) /* decreasing order */ |
| 416 |
|
|
AMBSAMP *d1, *d2; |
| 417 |
|
|
{ |
| 418 |
|
|
if (d1->k < d2->k) |
| 419 |
|
|
return(1); |
| 420 |
|
|
if (d1->k > d2->k) |
| 421 |
|
|
return(-1); |
| 422 |
|
|
return(0); |
| 423 |
|
|
} |
| 424 |
|
|
|
| 425 |
|
|
|
| 426 |
|
|
static |
| 427 |
|
|
avsave(av) /* save an ambient value */ |
| 428 |
|
|
AMBVAL *av; |
| 429 |
|
|
{ |
| 430 |
|
|
#ifdef AMBFLUSH |
| 431 |
|
|
static int nunflshed = 0; |
| 432 |
|
|
#endif |
| 433 |
|
|
if (ambfp == NULL) |
| 434 |
|
|
return; |
| 435 |
|
|
if (fwrite(av, sizeof(AMBVAL), 1, ambfp) != 1) |
| 436 |
|
|
goto writerr; |
| 437 |
|
|
#ifdef AMBFLUSH |
| 438 |
|
|
if (++nunflshed >= AMBFLUSH) { |
| 439 |
|
|
if (fflush(ambfp) == EOF) |
| 440 |
|
|
goto writerr; |
| 441 |
|
|
nunflshed = 0; |
| 442 |
|
|
} |
| 443 |
|
|
#endif |
| 444 |
|
|
return; |
| 445 |
|
|
writerr: |
| 446 |
|
|
error(SYSTEM, "error writing ambient file"); |
| 447 |
|
|
} |
| 448 |
|
|
|
| 449 |
|
|
|
| 450 |
|
|
static |
| 451 |
|
|
avinsert(aval, at, c0, s) /* insert ambient value in a tree */ |
| 452 |
|
|
AMBVAL *aval; |
| 453 |
|
|
register AMBTREE *at; |
| 454 |
|
|
FVECT c0; |
| 455 |
|
|
double s; |
| 456 |
|
|
{ |
| 457 |
|
|
FVECT ck0; |
| 458 |
|
|
int branch; |
| 459 |
|
|
register AMBVAL *av; |
| 460 |
|
|
register int i; |
| 461 |
|
|
|
| 462 |
|
|
if ((av = newambval()) == NULL) |
| 463 |
|
|
goto memerr; |
| 464 |
|
|
bcopy(aval, av, sizeof(AMBVAL)); |
| 465 |
|
|
VCOPY(ck0, c0); |
| 466 |
|
|
while (s*(OCTSCALE/2) > av->rad*ambacc) { |
| 467 |
|
|
if (at->kid == NULL) |
| 468 |
|
|
if ((at->kid = newambtree()) == NULL) |
| 469 |
|
|
goto memerr; |
| 470 |
|
|
s *= 0.5; |
| 471 |
|
|
branch = 0; |
| 472 |
|
|
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) |
| 473 |
|
|
if (av->pos[i] > ck0[i] + s) { |
| 474 |
|
|
ck0[i] += s; |
| 475 |
|
|
branch |= 1 << i; |
| 476 |
|
|
} |
| 477 |
|
|
at = at->kid + branch; |
| 478 |
|
|
} |
| 479 |
|
|
av->next = at->alist; |
| 480 |
|
|
at->alist = av; |
| 481 |
|
|
return; |
| 482 |
|
|
memerr: |
| 483 |
|
|
error(SYSTEM, "out of memory in avinsert"); |
| 484 |
|
|
} |
