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#ifndef lint |
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static const char RCSid[] = "$Id: gendaymtx.c,v 2.38 2020/09/11 16:50:50 greg Exp $"; |
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#endif |
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/* |
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* gendaymtx.c |
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* |
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* Generate a daylight matrix based on Perez Sky Model. |
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* |
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* Most of this code is borrowed (see copyright below) from Ian Ashdown's |
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* excellent re-implementation of Jean-Jacques Delaunay's gendaylit.c |
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* |
| 12 |
* Created by Greg Ward on 1/16/13. |
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*/ |
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|
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/********************************************************************* |
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* |
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* H32_gendaylit.CPP - Perez Sky Model Calculation |
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* |
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* Version: 1.00A |
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* |
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* History: 09/10/01 - Created. |
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* 11/10/08 - Modified for Unix compilation. |
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* 11/10/12 - Fixed conditional __max directive. |
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* 1/11/13 - Tweaks and optimizations (G.Ward) |
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* |
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* Compilers: Microsoft Visual C/C++ Professional V10.0 |
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* |
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* Author: Ian Ashdown, P.Eng. |
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* byHeart Consultants Limited |
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* 620 Ballantree Road |
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* West Vancouver, B.C. |
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* Canada V7S 1W3 |
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* e-mail: [email protected] |
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* |
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* References: Perez, R., P. Ineichen, R. Seals, J. Michalsky, and R. |
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* Stewart. 1990. ìModeling Daylight Availability and |
| 37 |
* Irradiance Components from Direct and Global |
| 38 |
* Irradiance,î Solar Energy 44(5):271-289. |
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* |
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* Perez, R., R. Seals, and J. Michalsky. 1993. |
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* ìAll-Weather Model for Sky Luminance Distribution - |
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* Preliminary Configuration and Validation,î Solar Energy |
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* 50(3):235-245. |
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* |
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* Perez, R., R. Seals, and J. Michalsky. 1993. "ERRATUM to |
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* All-Weather Model for Sky Luminance Distribution - |
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* Preliminary Configuration and Validation,î Solar Energy |
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* 51(5):423. |
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* |
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* NOTE: This program is a completely rewritten version of |
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* gendaylit.c written by Jean-Jacques Delaunay (1994). |
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* |
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* Copyright 2009-2012 byHeart Consultants Limited. All rights |
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* reserved. |
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* |
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
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* modification, are permitted for personal and commercial purposes |
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* provided that redistribution of source code must retain the above |
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* copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following |
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* disclaimer: |
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* |
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED |
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* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES |
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* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE |
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* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL byHeart Consultants Limited OR |
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* ITS EMPLOYEES BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, |
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* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT |
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* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF |
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* USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED |
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* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT |
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* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN |
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* ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE |
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* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. |
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* |
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*********************************************************************/ |
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|
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/* Zenith is along the Z-axis */ |
| 78 |
/* X-axis points east */ |
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/* Y-axis points north */ |
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/* azimuth is measured as degrees or radians east of North */ |
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|
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/* Include files */ |
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#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES |
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#include <stdlib.h> |
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#include <ctype.h> |
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#include "platform.h" |
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#include "rtmath.h" |
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#include "rtio.h" |
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#include "color.h" |
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#include "sun.h" |
| 91 |
|
| 92 |
char *progname; /* Program name */ |
| 93 |
const double DC_SolarConstantE = 1367.0; /* Solar constant W/m^2 */ |
| 94 |
const double DC_SolarConstantL = 127.5; /* Solar constant klux */ |
| 95 |
|
| 96 |
double altitude; /* Solar altitude (radians) */ |
| 97 |
double azimuth; /* Solar azimuth (radians) */ |
| 98 |
double apwc; /* Atmospheric precipitable water content */ |
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double dew_point = 11.0; /* Surface dew point temperature (deg. C) */ |
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double diff_illum; /* Diffuse illuminance */ |
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double diff_irrad; /* Diffuse irradiance */ |
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double dir_illum; /* Direct illuminance */ |
| 103 |
double dir_irrad; /* Direct irradiance */ |
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int julian_date; /* Julian date */ |
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double perez_param[5]; /* Perez sky model parameters */ |
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double sky_brightness; /* Sky brightness */ |
| 107 |
double sky_clearness; /* Sky clearness */ |
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double solar_rad; /* Solar radiance */ |
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double sun_zenith; /* Sun zenith angle (radians) */ |
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int input = 0; /* Input type */ |
| 111 |
int output = 0; /* Output type */ |
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|
| 113 |
extern double dmax( double, double ); |
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extern double CalcAirMass(); |
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extern double CalcDiffuseIllumRatio( int ); |
| 116 |
extern double CalcDiffuseIrradiance(); |
| 117 |
extern double CalcDirectIllumRatio( int ); |
| 118 |
extern double CalcDirectIrradiance(); |
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extern double CalcEccentricity(); |
| 120 |
extern double CalcPrecipWater( double ); |
| 121 |
extern double CalcRelHorzIllum( float *parr ); |
| 122 |
extern double CalcRelLuminance( double, double ); |
| 123 |
extern double CalcSkyBrightness(); |
| 124 |
extern double CalcSkyClearness(); |
| 125 |
extern int CalcSkyParamFromIllum(); |
| 126 |
extern int GetCategoryIndex(); |
| 127 |
extern void CalcPerezParam( double, double, double, int ); |
| 128 |
extern void CalcSkyPatchLumin( float *parr ); |
| 129 |
extern void ComputeSky( float *parr ); |
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|
| 131 |
/* Degrees into radians */ |
| 132 |
#define DegToRad(deg) ((deg)*(PI/180.)) |
| 133 |
|
| 134 |
/* Radiuans into degrees */ |
| 135 |
#define RadToDeg(rad) ((rad)*(180./PI)) |
| 136 |
|
| 137 |
/* Perez sky model coefficients */ |
| 138 |
|
| 139 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., R. Seals, and J. Michalsky, 1993. "All- */ |
| 140 |
/* Weather Model for Sky Luminance Distribution - */ |
| 141 |
/* Preliminary Configuration and Validation," Solar */ |
| 142 |
/* Energy 50(3):235-245, Table 1. */ |
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|
| 144 |
static const double PerezCoeff[8][20] = |
| 145 |
{ |
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/* Sky clearness (epsilon): 1.000 to 1.065 */ |
| 147 |
{ 1.3525, -0.2576, -0.2690, -1.4366, -0.7670, |
| 148 |
0.0007, 1.2734, -0.1233, 2.8000, 0.6004, |
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1.2375, 1.0000, 1.8734, 0.6297, 0.9738, |
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0.2809, 0.0356, -0.1246, -0.5718, 0.9938 }, |
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/* Sky clearness (epsilon): 1.065 to 1.230 */ |
| 152 |
{ -1.2219, -0.7730, 1.4148, 1.1016, -0.2054, |
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0.0367, -3.9128, 0.9156, 6.9750, 0.1774, |
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6.4477, -0.1239, -1.5798, -0.5081, -1.7812, |
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0.1080, 0.2624, 0.0672, -0.2190, -0.4285 }, |
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/* Sky clearness (epsilon): 1.230 to 1.500 */ |
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{ -1.1000, -0.2515, 0.8952, 0.0156, 0.2782, |
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-0.1812, - 4.5000, 1.1766, 24.7219, -13.0812, |
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-37.7000, 34.8438, -5.0000, 1.5218, 3.9229, |
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-2.6204, -0.0156, 0.1597, 0.4199, -0.5562 }, |
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/* Sky clearness (epsilon): 1.500 to 1.950 */ |
| 162 |
{ -0.5484, -0.6654, -0.2672, 0.7117, 0.7234, |
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-0.6219, -5.6812, 2.6297, 33.3389, -18.3000, |
| 164 |
-62.2500, 52.0781, -3.5000, 0.0016, 1.1477, |
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0.1062, 0.4659, -0.3296, -0.0876, -0.0329 }, |
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/* Sky clearness (epsilon): 1.950 to 2.800 */ |
| 167 |
{ -0.6000, -0.3566, -2.5000, 2.3250, 0.2937, |
| 168 |
0.0496, -5.6812, 1.8415, 21.0000, -4.7656 , |
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-21.5906, 7.2492, -3.5000, -0.1554, 1.4062, |
| 170 |
0.3988, 0.0032, 0.0766, -0.0656, -0.1294 }, |
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/* Sky clearness (epsilon): 2.800 to 4.500 */ |
| 172 |
{ -1.0156, -0.3670, 1.0078, 1.4051, 0.2875, |
| 173 |
-0.5328, -3.8500, 3.3750, 14.0000, -0.9999, |
| 174 |
-7.1406, 7.5469, -3.4000, -0.1078, -1.0750, |
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1.5702, -0.0672, 0.4016, 0.3017, -0.4844 }, |
| 176 |
/* Sky clearness (epsilon): 4.500 to 6.200 */ |
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{ -1.0000, 0.0211, 0.5025, -0.5119, -0.3000, |
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0.1922, 0.7023, -1.6317, 19.0000, -5.0000, |
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1.2438, -1.9094, -4.0000, 0.0250, 0.3844, |
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0.2656, 1.0468, -0.3788, -2.4517, 1.4656 }, |
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/* Sky clearness (epsilon): 6.200 to ... */ |
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{ -1.0500, 0.0289, 0.4260, 0.3590, -0.3250, |
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0.1156, 0.7781, 0.0025, 31.0625, -14.5000, |
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-46.1148, 55.3750, -7.2312, 0.4050, 13.3500, |
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0.6234, 1.5000, -0.6426, 1.8564, 0.5636 } |
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}; |
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|
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/* Perez irradiance component model coefficients */ |
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|
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/* Reference: Perez, R., P. Ineichen, R. Seals, J. Michalsky, and R. */ |
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/* Stewart. 1990. ìModeling Daylight Availability and */ |
| 192 |
/* Irradiance Components from Direct and Global */ |
| 193 |
/* Irradiance,î Solar Energy 44(5):271-289. */ |
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|
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typedef struct |
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{ |
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double lower; /* Lower bound */ |
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double upper; /* Upper bound */ |
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} CategoryBounds; |
| 200 |
|
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/* Perez sky clearness (epsilon) categories (Table 1) */ |
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static const CategoryBounds SkyClearCat[8] = |
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{ |
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{ 1.000, 1.065 }, /* Overcast */ |
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{ 1.065, 1.230 }, |
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{ 1.230, 1.500 }, |
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{ 1.500, 1.950 }, |
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{ 1.950, 2.800 }, |
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{ 2.800, 4.500 }, |
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{ 4.500, 6.200 }, |
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{ 6.200, 12.01 } /* Clear */ |
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}; |
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|
| 214 |
/* Luminous efficacy model coefficients */ |
| 215 |
typedef struct |
| 216 |
{ |
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double a; |
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double b; |
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double c; |
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double d; |
| 221 |
} ModelCoeff; |
| 222 |
|
| 223 |
/* Diffuse luminous efficacy model coefficients (Table 4, Eqn. 7) */ |
| 224 |
static const ModelCoeff DiffuseLumEff[8] = |
| 225 |
{ |
| 226 |
{ 97.24, -0.46, 12.00, -8.91 }, |
| 227 |
{ 107.22, 1.15, 0.59, -3.95 }, |
| 228 |
{ 104.97, 2.96, -5.53, -8.77 }, |
| 229 |
{ 102.39, 5.59, -13.95, -13.90 }, |
| 230 |
{ 100.71, 5.94, -22.75, -23.74 }, |
| 231 |
{ 106.42, 3.83, -36.15, -28.83 }, |
| 232 |
{ 141.88, 1.90, -53.24, -14.03 }, |
| 233 |
{ 152.23, 0.35, -45.27, -7.98 } |
| 234 |
}; |
| 235 |
|
| 236 |
/* Direct luminous efficacy model coefficients (Table 4, Eqn. 8) */ |
| 237 |
static const ModelCoeff DirectLumEff[8] = |
| 238 |
{ |
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{ 57.20, -4.55, -2.98, 117.12 }, |
| 240 |
{ 98.99, -3.46, -1.21, 12.38 }, |
| 241 |
{ 109.83, -4.90, -1.71, -8.81 }, |
| 242 |
{ 110.34, -5.84, -1.99, -4.56 }, |
| 243 |
{ 106.36, -3.97, -1.75, -6.16 }, |
| 244 |
{ 107.19, -1.25, -1.51, -26.73 }, |
| 245 |
{ 105.75, 0.77, -1.26, -34.44 }, |
| 246 |
{ 101.18, 1.58, -1.10, -8.29 } |
| 247 |
}; |
| 248 |
|
| 249 |
#ifndef NSUNPATCH |
| 250 |
#define NSUNPATCH 4 /* max. # patches to spread sun into */ |
| 251 |
#endif |
| 252 |
|
| 253 |
#define SUN_ANG_DEG 0.533 /* sun full-angle in degrees */ |
| 254 |
|
| 255 |
int nsuns = NSUNPATCH; /* number of sun patches to use */ |
| 256 |
double fixed_sun_sa = -1; /* fixed solid angle per sun? */ |
| 257 |
|
| 258 |
int verbose = 0; /* progress reports to stderr? */ |
| 259 |
|
| 260 |
int outfmt = 'a'; /* output format */ |
| 261 |
|
| 262 |
int rhsubdiv = 1; /* Reinhart sky subdivisions */ |
| 263 |
|
| 264 |
COLOR skycolor = {.96, 1.004, 1.118}; /* sky coloration */ |
| 265 |
COLOR suncolor = {1., 1., 1.}; /* sun color */ |
| 266 |
COLOR grefl = {.2, .2, .2}; /* ground reflectance */ |
| 267 |
|
| 268 |
int nskypatch; /* number of Reinhart patches */ |
| 269 |
float *rh_palt; /* sky patch altitudes (radians) */ |
| 270 |
float *rh_pazi; /* sky patch azimuths (radians) */ |
| 271 |
float *rh_dom; /* sky patch solid angle (sr) */ |
| 272 |
|
| 273 |
#define vector(v,alt,azi) ( (v)[1] = cos(alt), \ |
| 274 |
(v)[0] = (v)[1]*sin(azi), \ |
| 275 |
(v)[1] *= cos(azi), \ |
| 276 |
(v)[2] = sin(alt) ) |
| 277 |
|
| 278 |
#define rh_vector(v,i) vector(v,rh_palt[i],rh_pazi[i]) |
| 279 |
|
| 280 |
#define rh_cos(i) tsin(rh_palt[i]) |
| 281 |
|
| 282 |
#define solar_minute(jd,hr) ((24*60)*((jd)-1)+(int)((hr)*60.+.5)) |
| 283 |
|
| 284 |
extern int rh_init(void); |
| 285 |
extern float * resize_dmatrix(float *mtx_data, int nsteps, int npatch); |
| 286 |
extern void OutputSun(int id, int goodsun, FILE *fp, FILE *mfp); |
| 287 |
extern void AddDirect(float *parr); |
| 288 |
|
| 289 |
|
| 290 |
static const char * |
| 291 |
getfmtname(int fmt) |
| 292 |
{ |
| 293 |
switch (fmt) { |
| 294 |
case 'a': |
| 295 |
return("ascii"); |
| 296 |
case 'f': |
| 297 |
return("float"); |
| 298 |
case 'd': |
| 299 |
return("double"); |
| 300 |
} |
| 301 |
return("unknown"); |
| 302 |
} |
| 303 |
|
| 304 |
|
| 305 |
int |
| 306 |
main(int argc, char *argv[]) |
| 307 |
{ |
| 308 |
char buf[256]; |
| 309 |
int doheader = 1; /* output header? */ |
| 310 |
double rotation = 0; /* site rotation (degrees) */ |
| 311 |
double elevation; /* site elevation (meters) */ |
| 312 |
int leap_day = 0; /* add leap day? */ |
| 313 |
int sun_hours_only = 0; /* only output sun hours? */ |
| 314 |
int dir_is_horiz; /* direct is meas. on horizontal? */ |
| 315 |
FILE *sunsfp = NULL; /* output file for individual suns */ |
| 316 |
FILE *modsfp = NULL; /* modifier output file */ |
| 317 |
float *mtx_data = NULL; /* our matrix data */ |
| 318 |
int avgSky = 0; /* compute average sky r.t. matrix? */ |
| 319 |
int ntsteps = 0; /* number of time steps */ |
| 320 |
int tstorage = 0; /* number of allocated time steps */ |
| 321 |
int nstored = 0; /* number of time steps in matrix */ |
| 322 |
int last_monthly = 0; /* month of last report */ |
| 323 |
int mo, da; /* month (1-12) and day (1-31) */ |
| 324 |
double hr; /* hour (local standard time) */ |
| 325 |
double dir, dif; /* direct and diffuse values */ |
| 326 |
int mtx_offset; |
| 327 |
int i, j; |
| 328 |
|
| 329 |
progname = argv[0]; |
| 330 |
/* get options */ |
| 331 |
for (i = 1; i < argc && argv[i][0] == '-'; i++) |
| 332 |
switch (argv[i][1]) { |
| 333 |
case 'g': /* ground reflectance */ |
| 334 |
grefl[0] = atof(argv[++i]); |
| 335 |
grefl[1] = atof(argv[++i]); |
| 336 |
grefl[2] = atof(argv[++i]); |
| 337 |
break; |
| 338 |
case 'v': /* verbose progress reports */ |
| 339 |
verbose++; |
| 340 |
break; |
| 341 |
case 'h': /* turn off header */ |
| 342 |
doheader = 0; |
| 343 |
break; |
| 344 |
case 'o': /* output format */ |
| 345 |
switch (argv[i][2]) { |
| 346 |
case 'f': |
| 347 |
case 'd': |
| 348 |
case 'a': |
| 349 |
outfmt = argv[i][2]; |
| 350 |
break; |
| 351 |
default: |
| 352 |
goto userr; |
| 353 |
} |
| 354 |
break; |
| 355 |
case 'O': /* output type */ |
| 356 |
switch (argv[i][2]) { |
| 357 |
case '0': |
| 358 |
output = 0; |
| 359 |
break; |
| 360 |
case '1': |
| 361 |
output = 1; |
| 362 |
break; |
| 363 |
default: |
| 364 |
goto userr; |
| 365 |
} |
| 366 |
if (argv[i][3]) |
| 367 |
goto userr; |
| 368 |
break; |
| 369 |
case 'm': /* Reinhart subdivisions */ |
| 370 |
rhsubdiv = atoi(argv[++i]); |
| 371 |
break; |
| 372 |
case 'c': /* sky color */ |
| 373 |
skycolor[0] = atof(argv[++i]); |
| 374 |
skycolor[1] = atof(argv[++i]); |
| 375 |
skycolor[2] = atof(argv[++i]); |
| 376 |
break; |
| 377 |
case 'D': /* output suns to file */ |
| 378 |
if (strcmp(argv[++i], "-")) { |
| 379 |
sunsfp = fopen(argv[i], "w"); |
| 380 |
if (sunsfp == NULL) { |
| 381 |
fprintf(stderr, |
| 382 |
"%s: cannot open '%s' for output\n", |
| 383 |
progname, argv[i]); |
| 384 |
exit(1); |
| 385 |
} |
| 386 |
break; /* still may output matrix */ |
| 387 |
} |
| 388 |
sunsfp = stdout; /* sending to stdout, so... */ |
| 389 |
/* fall through */ |
| 390 |
case 'n': /* no matrix output */ |
| 391 |
avgSky = -1; |
| 392 |
rhsubdiv = 1; |
| 393 |
/* fall through */ |
| 394 |
case 'd': /* solar (direct) only */ |
| 395 |
skycolor[0] = skycolor[1] = skycolor[2] = 0; |
| 396 |
grefl[0] = grefl[1] = grefl[2] = 0; |
| 397 |
break; |
| 398 |
case 'M': /* send sun modifiers to file */ |
| 399 |
if ((modsfp = fopen(argv[++i], "w")) == NULL) { |
| 400 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot open '%s' for output\n", |
| 401 |
progname, argv[i]); |
| 402 |
exit(1); |
| 403 |
} |
| 404 |
break; |
| 405 |
case 's': /* sky only (no direct) */ |
| 406 |
suncolor[0] = suncolor[1] = suncolor[2] = 0; |
| 407 |
break; |
| 408 |
case 'u': /* solar hours only */ |
| 409 |
sun_hours_only = 1; |
| 410 |
break; |
| 411 |
case 'r': /* rotate distribution */ |
| 412 |
if (argv[i][2] && argv[i][2] != 'z') |
| 413 |
goto userr; |
| 414 |
rotation = atof(argv[++i]); |
| 415 |
break; |
| 416 |
case '5': /* 5-phase calculation */ |
| 417 |
nsuns = 1; |
| 418 |
fixed_sun_sa = PI/360.*atof(argv[++i]); |
| 419 |
if (fixed_sun_sa <= 0) { |
| 420 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: missing solar disk size argument for '-5' option\n", |
| 421 |
progname); |
| 422 |
exit(1); |
| 423 |
} |
| 424 |
fixed_sun_sa *= fixed_sun_sa*PI; |
| 425 |
break; |
| 426 |
case 'A': /* compute average sky */ |
| 427 |
avgSky = 1; |
| 428 |
break; |
| 429 |
default: |
| 430 |
goto userr; |
| 431 |
} |
| 432 |
if (i < argc-1) |
| 433 |
goto userr; |
| 434 |
if (i == argc-1 && freopen(argv[i], "r", stdin) == NULL) { |
| 435 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot open '%s' for input\n", |
| 436 |
progname, argv[i]); |
| 437 |
exit(1); |
| 438 |
} |
| 439 |
if ((modsfp != NULL) & (sunsfp == NULL)) |
| 440 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: warning -M output will be empty without -D\n", |
| 441 |
progname); |
| 442 |
if (verbose) { |
| 443 |
if (i == argc-1) |
| 444 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: reading weather tape '%s'\n", |
| 445 |
progname, argv[i]); |
| 446 |
else |
| 447 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: reading weather tape from <stdin>\n", |
| 448 |
progname); |
| 449 |
} |
| 450 |
/* read weather tape header */ |
| 451 |
if (scanf("place %[^\r\n] ", buf) != 1) |
| 452 |
goto fmterr; |
| 453 |
if (scanf("latitude %lf\n", &s_latitude) != 1) |
| 454 |
goto fmterr; |
| 455 |
if (scanf("longitude %lf\n", &s_longitude) != 1) |
| 456 |
goto fmterr; |
| 457 |
if (scanf("time_zone %lf\n", &s_meridian) != 1) |
| 458 |
goto fmterr; |
| 459 |
if (scanf("site_elevation %lf\n", &elevation) != 1) |
| 460 |
goto fmterr; |
| 461 |
if (scanf("weather_data_file_units %d\n", &input) != 1) |
| 462 |
goto fmterr; |
| 463 |
switch (input) { /* translate units */ |
| 464 |
case 1: |
| 465 |
input = 1; /* radiometric quantities */ |
| 466 |
dir_is_horiz = 0; /* direct is perpendicular meas. */ |
| 467 |
break; |
| 468 |
case 2: |
| 469 |
input = 1; /* radiometric quantities */ |
| 470 |
dir_is_horiz = 1; /* solar measured horizontally */ |
| 471 |
break; |
| 472 |
case 3: |
| 473 |
input = 2; /* photometric quantities */ |
| 474 |
dir_is_horiz = 0; /* direct is perpendicular meas. */ |
| 475 |
break; |
| 476 |
default: |
| 477 |
goto fmterr; |
| 478 |
} |
| 479 |
rh_init(); /* initialize sky patches */ |
| 480 |
if (verbose) { |
| 481 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: location '%s'\n", progname, buf); |
| 482 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: (lat,long)=(%.1f,%.1f) degrees north, west\n", |
| 483 |
progname, s_latitude, s_longitude); |
| 484 |
if (avgSky >= 0) |
| 485 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d sky patches\n", |
| 486 |
progname, nskypatch); |
| 487 |
if (sunsfp) |
| 488 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: outputting suns to %s\n", |
| 489 |
progname, sunsfp==stdout ? "stdout" : "file"); |
| 490 |
if (rotation != 0) |
| 491 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: rotating output %.0f degrees\n", |
| 492 |
progname, rotation); |
| 493 |
} |
| 494 |
/* convert quantities to radians */ |
| 495 |
s_latitude = DegToRad(s_latitude); |
| 496 |
s_longitude = DegToRad(s_longitude); |
| 497 |
s_meridian = DegToRad(s_meridian); |
| 498 |
/* initial allocation */ |
| 499 |
mtx_data = resize_dmatrix(mtx_data, tstorage=2, nskypatch); |
| 500 |
/* process each time step in tape */ |
| 501 |
while (scanf("%d %d %lf %lf %lf\n", &mo, &da, &hr, &dir, &dif) == 5) { |
| 502 |
double sda, sta; |
| 503 |
int sun_in_sky; |
| 504 |
/* compute solar position */ |
| 505 |
if ((mo == 2) & (da == 29)) { |
| 506 |
julian_date = 60; |
| 507 |
leap_day = 1; |
| 508 |
} else |
| 509 |
julian_date = jdate(mo, da) + leap_day; |
| 510 |
sda = sdec(julian_date); |
| 511 |
sta = stadj(julian_date); |
| 512 |
altitude = salt(sda, hr+sta); |
| 513 |
sun_in_sky = (altitude > -DegToRad(SUN_ANG_DEG/2.)); |
| 514 |
if (sun_hours_only && !sun_in_sky) |
| 515 |
continue; /* skipping nighttime points */ |
| 516 |
azimuth = sazi(sda, hr+sta) + PI - DegToRad(rotation); |
| 517 |
|
| 518 |
mtx_offset = 3*nskypatch*nstored; |
| 519 |
nstored += !avgSky | !nstored; |
| 520 |
/* make space for next row */ |
| 521 |
if (nstored > tstorage) { |
| 522 |
tstorage += (tstorage>>1) + nstored + 7; |
| 523 |
mtx_data = resize_dmatrix(mtx_data, tstorage, nskypatch); |
| 524 |
} |
| 525 |
ntsteps++; /* keep count of time steps */ |
| 526 |
|
| 527 |
if (dir+dif <= 1e-4) { /* effectively nighttime? */ |
| 528 |
if (!avgSky | !mtx_offset) |
| 529 |
memset(mtx_data+mtx_offset, 0, |
| 530 |
sizeof(float)*3*nskypatch); |
| 531 |
/* output black sun? */ |
| 532 |
if (sunsfp && sun_in_sky) |
| 533 |
OutputSun(solar_minute(julian_date,hr), 0, |
| 534 |
sunsfp, modsfp); |
| 535 |
continue; |
| 536 |
} |
| 537 |
if (!sun_in_sky && dir > (input==1 ? 20. : 20.*WHTEFFICACY)) |
| 538 |
fprintf(stderr, |
| 539 |
"%s: warning - unusually bright at %.1f on %d-%d\n", |
| 540 |
progname, hr, mo, da); |
| 541 |
/* convert measured values */ |
| 542 |
if (dir_is_horiz && altitude > FTINY) |
| 543 |
dir /= sin(altitude); |
| 544 |
if (input == 1) { |
| 545 |
dir_irrad = dir; |
| 546 |
diff_irrad = dif; |
| 547 |
} else /* input == 2 */ { |
| 548 |
dir_illum = dir; |
| 549 |
diff_illum = dif; |
| 550 |
} |
| 551 |
/* compute sky patch values */ |
| 552 |
ComputeSky(mtx_data+mtx_offset); |
| 553 |
/* output sun if requested */ |
| 554 |
if (sunsfp && sun_in_sky) |
| 555 |
OutputSun(solar_minute(julian_date,hr), 1, |
| 556 |
sunsfp, modsfp); |
| 557 |
|
| 558 |
if (avgSky < 0) /* no matrix? */ |
| 559 |
continue; |
| 560 |
|
| 561 |
AddDirect(mtx_data+mtx_offset); |
| 562 |
/* update cumulative sky? */ |
| 563 |
for (i = 3*nskypatch*(avgSky&(ntsteps>1)); i--; ) |
| 564 |
mtx_data[i] += mtx_data[mtx_offset+i]; |
| 565 |
/* monthly reporting */ |
| 566 |
if (verbose && mo != last_monthly) |
| 567 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: stepping through month %d...\n", |
| 568 |
progname, last_monthly=mo); |
| 569 |
/* note whether leap-day was given */ |
| 570 |
} |
| 571 |
if (!ntsteps) { |
| 572 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: no valid time steps on input\n", progname); |
| 573 |
exit(1); |
| 574 |
} |
| 575 |
/* check for junk at end */ |
| 576 |
while ((i = fgetc(stdin)) != EOF) |
| 577 |
if (!isspace(i)) { |
| 578 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: warning - unexpected data past EOT: ", |
| 579 |
progname); |
| 580 |
buf[0] = i; buf[1] = '\0'; |
| 581 |
fgets(buf+1, sizeof(buf)-1, stdin); |
| 582 |
fputs(buf, stderr); fputc('\n', stderr); |
| 583 |
break; |
| 584 |
} |
| 585 |
|
| 586 |
if (avgSky < 0) /* no matrix output? */ |
| 587 |
goto alldone; |
| 588 |
|
| 589 |
dif = 1./(double)ntsteps; /* average sky? */ |
| 590 |
for (i = 3*nskypatch*(avgSky&(ntsteps>1)); i--; ) |
| 591 |
mtx_data[i] *= dif; |
| 592 |
/* write out matrix */ |
| 593 |
if (outfmt != 'a') |
| 594 |
SET_FILE_BINARY(stdout); |
| 595 |
#ifdef getc_unlocked |
| 596 |
flockfile(stdout); |
| 597 |
#endif |
| 598 |
if (verbose) |
| 599 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: writing %smatrix with %d time steps...\n", |
| 600 |
progname, outfmt=='a' ? "" : "binary ", nstored); |
| 601 |
if (doheader) { |
| 602 |
newheader("RADIANCE", stdout); |
| 603 |
printargs(argc, argv, stdout); |
| 604 |
printf("LATLONG= %.8f %.8f\n", RadToDeg(s_latitude), |
| 605 |
-RadToDeg(s_longitude)); |
| 606 |
printf("NROWS=%d\n", nskypatch); |
| 607 |
printf("NCOLS=%d\n", nstored); |
| 608 |
printf("NCOMP=3\n"); |
| 609 |
if ((outfmt == 'f') | (outfmt == 'd')) |
| 610 |
fputendian(stdout); |
| 611 |
fputformat((char *)getfmtname(outfmt), stdout); |
| 612 |
putchar('\n'); |
| 613 |
} |
| 614 |
/* patches are rows (outer sort) */ |
| 615 |
for (i = 0; i < nskypatch; i++) { |
| 616 |
mtx_offset = 3*i; |
| 617 |
switch (outfmt) { |
| 618 |
case 'a': |
| 619 |
for (j = 0; j < nstored; j++) { |
| 620 |
printf("%.3g %.3g %.3g\n", mtx_data[mtx_offset], |
| 621 |
mtx_data[mtx_offset+1], |
| 622 |
mtx_data[mtx_offset+2]); |
| 623 |
mtx_offset += 3*nskypatch; |
| 624 |
} |
| 625 |
if (nstored > 1) |
| 626 |
fputc('\n', stdout); |
| 627 |
break; |
| 628 |
case 'f': |
| 629 |
for (j = 0; j < nstored; j++) { |
| 630 |
putbinary(mtx_data+mtx_offset, sizeof(float), 3, |
| 631 |
stdout); |
| 632 |
mtx_offset += 3*nskypatch; |
| 633 |
} |
| 634 |
break; |
| 635 |
case 'd': |
| 636 |
for (j = 0; j < nstored; j++) { |
| 637 |
double ment[3]; |
| 638 |
ment[0] = mtx_data[mtx_offset]; |
| 639 |
ment[1] = mtx_data[mtx_offset+1]; |
| 640 |
ment[2] = mtx_data[mtx_offset+2]; |
| 641 |
putbinary(ment, sizeof(double), 3, stdout); |
| 642 |
mtx_offset += 3*nskypatch; |
| 643 |
} |
| 644 |
break; |
| 645 |
} |
| 646 |
if (ferror(stdout)) |
| 647 |
goto writerr; |
| 648 |
} |
| 649 |
alldone: |
| 650 |
if (fflush(NULL) == EOF) |
| 651 |
goto writerr; |
| 652 |
if (verbose) |
| 653 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: done.\n", progname); |
| 654 |
exit(0); |
| 655 |
userr: |
| 656 |
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-v][-h][-A][-d|-s|-n][-u][-D file [-M modfile]][-r deg][-m N][-g r g b][-c r g b][-o{f|d}][-O{0|1}] [tape.wea]\n", |
| 657 |
progname); |
| 658 |
exit(1); |
| 659 |
fmterr: |
| 660 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: weather tape format error in header\n", progname); |
| 661 |
exit(1); |
| 662 |
writerr: |
| 663 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error on output\n", progname); |
| 664 |
exit(1); |
| 665 |
} |
| 666 |
|
| 667 |
/* Return maximum of two doubles */ |
| 668 |
double dmax( double a, double b ) |
| 669 |
{ return (a > b) ? a : b; } |
| 670 |
|
| 671 |
/* Compute sky patch radiance values (modified by GW) */ |
| 672 |
void |
| 673 |
ComputeSky(float *parr) |
| 674 |
{ |
| 675 |
int index; /* Category index */ |
| 676 |
double norm_diff_illum; /* Normalized diffuse illuimnance */ |
| 677 |
int i; |
| 678 |
|
| 679 |
/* Calculate atmospheric precipitable water content */ |
| 680 |
apwc = CalcPrecipWater(dew_point); |
| 681 |
|
| 682 |
/* Calculate sun zenith angle (don't let it dip below horizon) */ |
| 683 |
/* Also limit minimum angle to keep circumsolar off zenith */ |
| 684 |
if (altitude <= 0.0) |
| 685 |
sun_zenith = DegToRad(90.0); |
| 686 |
else if (altitude >= DegToRad(87.0)) |
| 687 |
sun_zenith = DegToRad(3.0); |
| 688 |
else |
| 689 |
sun_zenith = DegToRad(90.0) - altitude; |
| 690 |
|
| 691 |
/* Compute the inputs for the calculation of the sky distribution */ |
| 692 |
|
| 693 |
if (input == 0) /* XXX never used */ |
| 694 |
{ |
| 695 |
/* Calculate irradiance */ |
| 696 |
diff_irrad = CalcDiffuseIrradiance(); |
| 697 |
dir_irrad = CalcDirectIrradiance(); |
| 698 |
|
| 699 |
/* Calculate illuminance */ |
| 700 |
index = GetCategoryIndex(); |
| 701 |
diff_illum = diff_irrad * CalcDiffuseIllumRatio(index); |
| 702 |
dir_illum = dir_irrad * CalcDirectIllumRatio(index); |
| 703 |
} |
| 704 |
else if (input == 1) |
| 705 |
{ |
| 706 |
sky_brightness = CalcSkyBrightness(); |
| 707 |
sky_clearness = CalcSkyClearness(); |
| 708 |
|
| 709 |
/* Limit sky clearness */ |
| 710 |
if (sky_clearness > 11.9) |
| 711 |
sky_clearness = 11.9; |
| 712 |
|
| 713 |
/* Limit sky brightness */ |
| 714 |
if (sky_brightness < 0.01) |
| 715 |
sky_brightness = 0.01; |
| 716 |
|
| 717 |
/* Calculate illuminance */ |
| 718 |
index = GetCategoryIndex(); |
| 719 |
diff_illum = diff_irrad * CalcDiffuseIllumRatio(index); |
| 720 |
dir_illum = dir_irrad * CalcDirectIllumRatio(index); |
| 721 |
} |
| 722 |
else if (input == 2) |
| 723 |
{ |
| 724 |
/* Calculate sky brightness and clearness from illuminance values */ |
| 725 |
index = CalcSkyParamFromIllum(); |
| 726 |
} |
| 727 |
|
| 728 |
if (output == 1) { /* hack for solar radiance */ |
| 729 |
diff_illum = diff_irrad * WHTEFFICACY; |
| 730 |
dir_illum = dir_irrad * WHTEFFICACY; |
| 731 |
} |
| 732 |
/* Compute ground radiance (include solar contribution if any) */ |
| 733 |
parr[0] = diff_illum; |
| 734 |
if (altitude > 0) |
| 735 |
parr[0] += dir_illum * sin(altitude); |
| 736 |
parr[2] = parr[1] = parr[0] *= (1./PI/WHTEFFICACY); |
| 737 |
multcolor(parr, grefl); |
| 738 |
|
| 739 |
if (bright(skycolor) <= 1e-4) { /* 0 sky component? */ |
| 740 |
memset(parr+3, 0, sizeof(float)*3*(nskypatch-1)); |
| 741 |
return; |
| 742 |
} |
| 743 |
/* Calculate Perez sky model parameters */ |
| 744 |
CalcPerezParam(sun_zenith, sky_clearness, sky_brightness, index); |
| 745 |
|
| 746 |
/* Calculate sky patch luminance values */ |
| 747 |
CalcSkyPatchLumin(parr); |
| 748 |
|
| 749 |
/* Calculate relative horizontal illuminance */ |
| 750 |
norm_diff_illum = CalcRelHorzIllum(parr); |
| 751 |
|
| 752 |
/* Check for zero sky -- make uniform in that case */ |
| 753 |
if (norm_diff_illum <= FTINY) { |
| 754 |
for (i = 1; i < nskypatch; i++) |
| 755 |
setcolor(parr+3*i, 1., 1., 1.); |
| 756 |
norm_diff_illum = PI; |
| 757 |
} |
| 758 |
/* Normalization coefficient */ |
| 759 |
norm_diff_illum = diff_illum / norm_diff_illum; |
| 760 |
|
| 761 |
/* Apply to sky patches to get absolute radiance values */ |
| 762 |
for (i = 1; i < nskypatch; i++) { |
| 763 |
scalecolor(parr+3*i, norm_diff_illum*(1./WHTEFFICACY)); |
| 764 |
multcolor(parr+3*i, skycolor); |
| 765 |
} |
| 766 |
} |
| 767 |
|
| 768 |
/* Add in solar direct to nearest sky patches (GW) */ |
| 769 |
void |
| 770 |
AddDirect(float *parr) |
| 771 |
{ |
| 772 |
FVECT svec; |
| 773 |
double near_dprod[NSUNPATCH]; |
| 774 |
int near_patch[NSUNPATCH]; |
| 775 |
double wta[NSUNPATCH], wtot; |
| 776 |
int i, j, p; |
| 777 |
|
| 778 |
if (dir_illum <= 1e-4 || bright(suncolor) <= 1e-4) |
| 779 |
return; |
| 780 |
/* identify nsuns closest patches */ |
| 781 |
if (nsuns > NSUNPATCH) |
| 782 |
nsuns = NSUNPATCH; |
| 783 |
else if (nsuns <= 0) |
| 784 |
nsuns = 1; |
| 785 |
for (i = nsuns; i--; ) |
| 786 |
near_dprod[i] = -1.; |
| 787 |
vector(svec, altitude, azimuth); |
| 788 |
for (p = 1; p < nskypatch; p++) { |
| 789 |
FVECT pvec; |
| 790 |
double dprod; |
| 791 |
rh_vector(pvec, p); |
| 792 |
dprod = DOT(pvec, svec); |
| 793 |
for (i = 0; i < nsuns; i++) |
| 794 |
if (dprod > near_dprod[i]) { |
| 795 |
for (j = nsuns; --j > i; ) { |
| 796 |
near_dprod[j] = near_dprod[j-1]; |
| 797 |
near_patch[j] = near_patch[j-1]; |
| 798 |
} |
| 799 |
near_dprod[i] = dprod; |
| 800 |
near_patch[i] = p; |
| 801 |
break; |
| 802 |
} |
| 803 |
} |
| 804 |
wtot = 0; /* weight by proximity */ |
| 805 |
for (i = nsuns; i--; ) |
| 806 |
wtot += wta[i] = 1./(1.002 - near_dprod[i]); |
| 807 |
/* add to nearest patch radiances */ |
| 808 |
for (i = nsuns; i--; ) { |
| 809 |
float *pdest = parr + 3*near_patch[i]; |
| 810 |
float val_add = wta[i] * dir_illum / (WHTEFFICACY * wtot); |
| 811 |
|
| 812 |
val_add /= (fixed_sun_sa > 0) ? fixed_sun_sa |
| 813 |
: rh_dom[near_patch[i]] ; |
| 814 |
*pdest++ += val_add*suncolor[0]; |
| 815 |
*pdest++ += val_add*suncolor[1]; |
| 816 |
*pdest++ += val_add*suncolor[2]; |
| 817 |
} |
| 818 |
} |
| 819 |
|
| 820 |
/* Output a sun to indicated file if appropriate for this time step */ |
| 821 |
void |
| 822 |
OutputSun(int id, int goodsun, FILE *fp, FILE *mfp) |
| 823 |
{ |
| 824 |
double srad; |
| 825 |
FVECT sv; |
| 826 |
|
| 827 |
srad = DegToRad(SUN_ANG_DEG/2.); |
| 828 |
srad = goodsun ? dir_illum/(WHTEFFICACY * PI*srad*srad) : 0; |
| 829 |
vector(sv, altitude, azimuth); |
| 830 |
fprintf(fp, "\nvoid light solar%d\n0\n0\n", id); |
| 831 |
fprintf(fp, "3 %.3e %.3e %.3e\n", srad*suncolor[0], |
| 832 |
srad*suncolor[1], srad*suncolor[2]); |
| 833 |
fprintf(fp, "\nsolar%d source sun%d\n0\n0\n", id, id); |
| 834 |
fprintf(fp, "4 %.6f %.6f %.6f %.4f\n", sv[0], sv[1], sv[2], SUN_ANG_DEG); |
| 835 |
|
| 836 |
if (mfp != NULL) /* saving modifier IDs? */ |
| 837 |
fprintf(mfp, "solar%d\n", id); |
| 838 |
} |
| 839 |
|
| 840 |
/* Initialize Reinhart sky patch positions (GW) */ |
| 841 |
int |
| 842 |
rh_init(void) |
| 843 |
{ |
| 844 |
#define NROW 7 |
| 845 |
static const int tnaz[NROW] = {30, 30, 24, 24, 18, 12, 6}; |
| 846 |
const double alpha = (PI/2.)/(NROW*rhsubdiv + .5); |
| 847 |
int p, i, j; |
| 848 |
/* allocate patch angle arrays */ |
| 849 |
nskypatch = 0; |
| 850 |
for (p = 0; p < NROW; p++) |
| 851 |
nskypatch += tnaz[p]; |
| 852 |
nskypatch *= rhsubdiv*rhsubdiv; |
| 853 |
nskypatch += 2; |
| 854 |
rh_palt = (float *)malloc(sizeof(float)*nskypatch); |
| 855 |
rh_pazi = (float *)malloc(sizeof(float)*nskypatch); |
| 856 |
rh_dom = (float *)malloc(sizeof(float)*nskypatch); |
| 857 |
if ((rh_palt == NULL) | (rh_pazi == NULL) | (rh_dom == NULL)) { |
| 858 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: out of memory in rh_init()\n", progname); |
| 859 |
exit(1); |
| 860 |
} |
| 861 |
rh_palt[0] = -PI/2.; /* ground & zenith patches */ |
| 862 |
rh_pazi[0] = 0.; |
| 863 |
rh_dom[0] = 2.*PI; |
| 864 |
rh_palt[nskypatch-1] = PI/2.; |
| 865 |
rh_pazi[nskypatch-1] = 0.; |
| 866 |
rh_dom[nskypatch-1] = 2.*PI*(1. - cos(alpha*.5)); |
| 867 |
p = 1; /* "normal" patches */ |
| 868 |
for (i = 0; i < NROW*rhsubdiv; i++) { |
| 869 |
const float ralt = alpha*(i + .5); |
| 870 |
const int ninrow = tnaz[i/rhsubdiv]*rhsubdiv; |
| 871 |
const float dom = 2.*PI*(sin(alpha*(i+1)) - sin(alpha*i)) / |
| 872 |
(double)ninrow; |
| 873 |
for (j = 0; j < ninrow; j++) { |
| 874 |
rh_palt[p] = ralt; |
| 875 |
rh_pazi[p] = 2.*PI * j / (double)ninrow; |
| 876 |
rh_dom[p++] = dom; |
| 877 |
} |
| 878 |
} |
| 879 |
return nskypatch; |
| 880 |
#undef NROW |
| 881 |
} |
| 882 |
|
| 883 |
/* Resize daylight matrix (GW) */ |
| 884 |
float * |
| 885 |
resize_dmatrix(float *mtx_data, int nsteps, int npatch) |
| 886 |
{ |
| 887 |
if (mtx_data == NULL) |
| 888 |
mtx_data = (float *)malloc(sizeof(float)*3*nsteps*npatch); |
| 889 |
else |
| 890 |
mtx_data = (float *)realloc(mtx_data, |
| 891 |
sizeof(float)*3*nsteps*npatch); |
| 892 |
if (mtx_data == NULL) { |
| 893 |
fprintf(stderr, "%s: out of memory in resize_dmatrix(%d,%d)\n", |
| 894 |
progname, nsteps, npatch); |
| 895 |
exit(1); |
| 896 |
} |
| 897 |
return(mtx_data); |
| 898 |
} |
| 899 |
|
| 900 |
/* Determine category index */ |
| 901 |
int GetCategoryIndex() |
| 902 |
{ |
| 903 |
int index; /* Loop index */ |
| 904 |
|
| 905 |
for (index = 0; index < 8; index++) |
| 906 |
if ((sky_clearness >= SkyClearCat[index].lower) && |
| 907 |
(sky_clearness < SkyClearCat[index].upper)) |
| 908 |
break; |
| 909 |
|
| 910 |
return index; |
| 911 |
} |
| 912 |
|
| 913 |
/* Calculate diffuse illuminance to diffuse irradiance ratio */ |
| 914 |
|
| 915 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., P. Ineichen, R. Seals, J. Michalsky, and R. */ |
| 916 |
/* Stewart. 1990. ìModeling Daylight Availability and */ |
| 917 |
/* Irradiance Components from Direct and Global */ |
| 918 |
/* Irradiance,î Solar Energy 44(5):271-289, Eqn. 7. */ |
| 919 |
|
| 920 |
double CalcDiffuseIllumRatio( int index ) |
| 921 |
{ |
| 922 |
ModelCoeff const *pnle; /* Category coefficient pointer */ |
| 923 |
|
| 924 |
/* Get category coefficient pointer */ |
| 925 |
pnle = &(DiffuseLumEff[index]); |
| 926 |
|
| 927 |
return pnle->a + pnle->b * apwc + pnle->c * cos(sun_zenith) + |
| 928 |
pnle->d * log(sky_brightness); |
| 929 |
} |
| 930 |
|
| 931 |
/* Calculate direct illuminance to direct irradiance ratio */ |
| 932 |
|
| 933 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., P. Ineichen, R. Seals, J. Michalsky, and R. */ |
| 934 |
/* Stewart. 1990. ìModeling Daylight Availability and */ |
| 935 |
/* Irradiance Components from Direct and Global */ |
| 936 |
/* Irradiance,î Solar Energy 44(5):271-289, Eqn. 8. */ |
| 937 |
|
| 938 |
double CalcDirectIllumRatio( int index ) |
| 939 |
{ |
| 940 |
ModelCoeff const *pnle; /* Category coefficient pointer */ |
| 941 |
|
| 942 |
/* Get category coefficient pointer */ |
| 943 |
pnle = &(DirectLumEff[index]); |
| 944 |
|
| 945 |
/* Calculate direct illuminance from direct irradiance */ |
| 946 |
|
| 947 |
return dmax((pnle->a + pnle->b * apwc + pnle->c * exp(5.73 * |
| 948 |
sun_zenith - 5.0) + pnle->d * sky_brightness), |
| 949 |
0.0); |
| 950 |
} |
| 951 |
|
| 952 |
/* Calculate sky brightness */ |
| 953 |
|
| 954 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., P. Ineichen, R. Seals, J. Michalsky, and R. */ |
| 955 |
/* Stewart. 1990. ìModeling Daylight Availability and */ |
| 956 |
/* Irradiance Components from Direct and Global */ |
| 957 |
/* Irradiance,î Solar Energy 44(5):271-289, Eqn. 2. */ |
| 958 |
|
| 959 |
double CalcSkyBrightness() |
| 960 |
{ |
| 961 |
return diff_irrad * CalcAirMass() / (DC_SolarConstantE * |
| 962 |
CalcEccentricity()); |
| 963 |
} |
| 964 |
|
| 965 |
/* Calculate sky clearness */ |
| 966 |
|
| 967 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., P. Ineichen, R. Seals, J. Michalsky, and R. */ |
| 968 |
/* Stewart. 1990. ìModeling Daylight Availability and */ |
| 969 |
/* Irradiance Components from Direct and Global */ |
| 970 |
/* Irradiance,î Solar Energy 44(5):271-289, Eqn. 1. */ |
| 971 |
|
| 972 |
double CalcSkyClearness() |
| 973 |
{ |
| 974 |
double sz_cubed; /* Sun zenith angle cubed */ |
| 975 |
|
| 976 |
/* Calculate sun zenith angle cubed */ |
| 977 |
sz_cubed = sun_zenith*sun_zenith*sun_zenith; |
| 978 |
|
| 979 |
return ((diff_irrad + dir_irrad) / diff_irrad + 1.041 * |
| 980 |
sz_cubed) / (1.0 + 1.041 * sz_cubed); |
| 981 |
} |
| 982 |
|
| 983 |
/* Calculate diffuse horizontal irradiance from Perez sky brightness */ |
| 984 |
|
| 985 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., P. Ineichen, R. Seals, J. Michalsky, and R. */ |
| 986 |
/* Stewart. 1990. ìModeling Daylight Availability and */ |
| 987 |
/* Irradiance Components from Direct and Global */ |
| 988 |
/* Irradiance,î Solar Energy 44(5):271-289, Eqn. 2 */ |
| 989 |
/* (inverse). */ |
| 990 |
|
| 991 |
double CalcDiffuseIrradiance() |
| 992 |
{ |
| 993 |
return sky_brightness * DC_SolarConstantE * CalcEccentricity() / |
| 994 |
CalcAirMass(); |
| 995 |
} |
| 996 |
|
| 997 |
/* Calculate direct normal irradiance from Perez sky clearness */ |
| 998 |
|
| 999 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., P. Ineichen, R. Seals, J. Michalsky, and R. */ |
| 1000 |
/* Stewart. 1990. ìModeling Daylight Availability and */ |
| 1001 |
/* Irradiance Components from Direct and Global */ |
| 1002 |
/* Irradiance,î Solar Energy 44(5):271-289, Eqn. 1 */ |
| 1003 |
/* (inverse). */ |
| 1004 |
|
| 1005 |
double CalcDirectIrradiance() |
| 1006 |
{ |
| 1007 |
return CalcDiffuseIrradiance() * ((sky_clearness - 1.0) * (1 + 1.041 |
| 1008 |
* sun_zenith*sun_zenith*sun_zenith)); |
| 1009 |
} |
| 1010 |
|
| 1011 |
/* Calculate sky brightness and clearness from illuminance values */ |
| 1012 |
int CalcSkyParamFromIllum() |
| 1013 |
{ |
| 1014 |
double test1 = 0.1; |
| 1015 |
double test2 = 0.1; |
| 1016 |
int counter = 0; |
| 1017 |
int index = 0; /* Category index */ |
| 1018 |
|
| 1019 |
/* Convert illuminance to irradiance */ |
| 1020 |
diff_irrad = diff_illum * DC_SolarConstantE / |
| 1021 |
(DC_SolarConstantL * 1000.0); |
| 1022 |
dir_irrad = dir_illum * DC_SolarConstantE / |
| 1023 |
(DC_SolarConstantL * 1000.0); |
| 1024 |
|
| 1025 |
/* Calculate sky brightness and clearness */ |
| 1026 |
sky_brightness = CalcSkyBrightness(); |
| 1027 |
sky_clearness = CalcSkyClearness(); |
| 1028 |
|
| 1029 |
/* Limit sky clearness */ |
| 1030 |
if (sky_clearness > 12.0) |
| 1031 |
sky_clearness = 12.0; |
| 1032 |
|
| 1033 |
/* Limit sky brightness */ |
| 1034 |
if (sky_brightness < 0.01) |
| 1035 |
sky_brightness = 0.01; |
| 1036 |
|
| 1037 |
while (((fabs(diff_irrad - test1) > 10.0) || |
| 1038 |
(fabs(dir_irrad - test2) > 10.0)) && !(counter == 5)) |
| 1039 |
{ |
| 1040 |
test1 = diff_irrad; |
| 1041 |
test2 = dir_irrad; |
| 1042 |
counter++; |
| 1043 |
|
| 1044 |
/* Convert illuminance to irradiance */ |
| 1045 |
index = GetCategoryIndex(); |
| 1046 |
diff_irrad = diff_illum / CalcDiffuseIllumRatio(index); |
| 1047 |
dir_irrad = CalcDirectIllumRatio(index); |
| 1048 |
if (dir_irrad > 0.1) |
| 1049 |
dir_irrad = dir_illum / dir_irrad; |
| 1050 |
|
| 1051 |
/* Calculate sky brightness and clearness */ |
| 1052 |
sky_brightness = CalcSkyBrightness(); |
| 1053 |
sky_clearness = CalcSkyClearness(); |
| 1054 |
|
| 1055 |
/* Limit sky clearness */ |
| 1056 |
if (sky_clearness > 12.0) |
| 1057 |
sky_clearness = 12.0; |
| 1058 |
|
| 1059 |
/* Limit sky brightness */ |
| 1060 |
if (sky_brightness < 0.01) |
| 1061 |
sky_brightness = 0.01; |
| 1062 |
} |
| 1063 |
|
| 1064 |
return GetCategoryIndex(); |
| 1065 |
} |
| 1066 |
|
| 1067 |
/* Calculate relative luminance */ |
| 1068 |
|
| 1069 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., R. Seals, and J. Michalsky. 1993. */ |
| 1070 |
/* ìAll-Weather Model for Sky Luminance Distribution - */ |
| 1071 |
/* Preliminary Configuration and Validation,î Solar Energy */ |
| 1072 |
/* 50(3):235-245, Eqn. 1. */ |
| 1073 |
|
| 1074 |
double CalcRelLuminance( double gamma, double zeta ) |
| 1075 |
{ |
| 1076 |
return (1.0 + perez_param[0] * exp(perez_param[1] / cos(zeta))) * |
| 1077 |
(1.0 + perez_param[2] * exp(perez_param[3] * gamma) + |
| 1078 |
perez_param[4] * cos(gamma) * cos(gamma)); |
| 1079 |
} |
| 1080 |
|
| 1081 |
/* Calculate Perez sky model parameters */ |
| 1082 |
|
| 1083 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., R. Seals, and J. Michalsky. 1993. */ |
| 1084 |
/* ìAll-Weather Model for Sky Luminance Distribution - */ |
| 1085 |
/* Preliminary Configuration and Validation,î Solar Energy */ |
| 1086 |
/* 50(3):235-245, Eqns. 6 - 8. */ |
| 1087 |
|
| 1088 |
void CalcPerezParam( double sz, double epsilon, double delta, |
| 1089 |
int index ) |
| 1090 |
{ |
| 1091 |
double x[5][4]; /* Coefficents a, b, c, d, e */ |
| 1092 |
int i, j; /* Loop indices */ |
| 1093 |
|
| 1094 |
/* Limit sky brightness */ |
| 1095 |
if (epsilon > 1.065 && epsilon < 2.8) |
| 1096 |
{ |
| 1097 |
if (delta < 0.2) |
| 1098 |
delta = 0.2; |
| 1099 |
} |
| 1100 |
|
| 1101 |
/* Get Perez coefficients */ |
| 1102 |
for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) |
| 1103 |
for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) |
| 1104 |
x[i][j] = PerezCoeff[index][4 * i + j]; |
| 1105 |
|
| 1106 |
if (index != 0) |
| 1107 |
{ |
| 1108 |
/* Calculate parameter a, b, c, d and e (Eqn. 6) */ |
| 1109 |
for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) |
| 1110 |
perez_param[i] = x[i][0] + x[i][1] * sz + delta * (x[i][2] + |
| 1111 |
x[i][3] * sz); |
| 1112 |
} |
| 1113 |
else |
| 1114 |
{ |
| 1115 |
/* Parameters a, b and e (Eqn. 6) */ |
| 1116 |
perez_param[0] = x[0][0] + x[0][1] * sz + delta * (x[0][2] + |
| 1117 |
x[0][3] * sz); |
| 1118 |
perez_param[1] = x[1][0] + x[1][1] * sz + delta * (x[1][2] + |
| 1119 |
x[1][3] * sz); |
| 1120 |
perez_param[4] = x[4][0] + x[4][1] * sz + delta * (x[4][2] + |
| 1121 |
x[4][3] * sz); |
| 1122 |
|
| 1123 |
/* Parameter c (Eqn. 7) */ |
| 1124 |
perez_param[2] = exp(pow(delta * (x[2][0] + x[2][1] * sz), |
| 1125 |
x[2][2])) - x[2][3]; |
| 1126 |
|
| 1127 |
/* Parameter d (Eqn. 8) */ |
| 1128 |
perez_param[3] = -exp(delta * (x[3][0] + x[3][1] * sz)) + |
| 1129 |
x[3][2] + delta * x[3][3]; |
| 1130 |
} |
| 1131 |
} |
| 1132 |
|
| 1133 |
/* Calculate relative horizontal illuminance (modified by GW) */ |
| 1134 |
|
| 1135 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., R. Seals, and J. Michalsky. 1993. */ |
| 1136 |
/* ìAll-Weather Model for Sky Luminance Distribution - */ |
| 1137 |
/* Preliminary Configuration and Validation,î Solar Energy */ |
| 1138 |
/* 50(3):235-245, Eqn. 3. */ |
| 1139 |
|
| 1140 |
double CalcRelHorzIllum( float *parr ) |
| 1141 |
{ |
| 1142 |
int i; |
| 1143 |
double rh_illum = 0.0; /* Relative horizontal illuminance */ |
| 1144 |
|
| 1145 |
for (i = 1; i < nskypatch; i++) |
| 1146 |
rh_illum += parr[3*i+1] * rh_cos(i) * rh_dom[i]; |
| 1147 |
|
| 1148 |
return rh_illum; |
| 1149 |
} |
| 1150 |
|
| 1151 |
/* Calculate earth orbit eccentricity correction factor */ |
| 1152 |
|
| 1153 |
/* Reference: Sen, Z. 2008. Solar Energy Fundamental and Modeling */ |
| 1154 |
/* Techniques. Springer, p. 72. */ |
| 1155 |
|
| 1156 |
double CalcEccentricity() |
| 1157 |
{ |
| 1158 |
double day_angle; /* Day angle (radians) */ |
| 1159 |
double E0; /* Eccentricity */ |
| 1160 |
|
| 1161 |
/* Calculate day angle */ |
| 1162 |
day_angle = (julian_date - 1.0) * (2.0 * PI / 365.0); |
| 1163 |
|
| 1164 |
/* Calculate eccentricity */ |
| 1165 |
E0 = 1.00011 + 0.034221 * cos(day_angle) + 0.00128 * sin(day_angle) |
| 1166 |
+ 0.000719 * cos(2.0 * day_angle) + 0.000077 * sin(2.0 * |
| 1167 |
day_angle); |
| 1168 |
|
| 1169 |
return E0; |
| 1170 |
} |
| 1171 |
|
| 1172 |
/* Calculate atmospheric precipitable water content */ |
| 1173 |
|
| 1174 |
/* Reference: Perez, R., P. Ineichen, R. Seals, J. Michalsky, and R. */ |
| 1175 |
/* Stewart. 1990. ìModeling Daylight Availability and */ |
| 1176 |
/* Irradiance Components from Direct and Global */ |
| 1177 |
/* Irradiance,î Solar Energy 44(5):271-289, Eqn. 3. */ |
| 1178 |
|
| 1179 |
/* Note: The default surface dew point temperature is 11 deg. C */ |
| 1180 |
/* (52 deg. F). Typical values are: */ |
| 1181 |
|
| 1182 |
/* Celsius Fahrenheit Human Perception */ |
| 1183 |
/* > 24 > 75 Extremely uncomfortable */ |
| 1184 |
/* 21 - 24 70 - 74 Very humid */ |
| 1185 |
/* 18 - 21 65 - 69 Somewhat uncomfortable */ |
| 1186 |
/* 16 - 18 60 - 64 OK for most people */ |
| 1187 |
/* 13 - 16 55 - 59 Comfortable */ |
| 1188 |
/* 10 - 12 50 - 54 Very comfortable */ |
| 1189 |
/* < 10 < 49 A bit dry for some */ |
| 1190 |
|
| 1191 |
double CalcPrecipWater( double dpt ) |
| 1192 |
{ return exp(0.07 * dpt - 0.075); } |
| 1193 |
|
| 1194 |
/* Calculate relative air mass */ |
| 1195 |
|
| 1196 |
/* Reference: Kasten, F. 1966. "A New Table and Approximation Formula */ |
| 1197 |
/* for the Relative Optical Air Mass," Arch. Meteorol. */ |
| 1198 |
/* Geophys. Bioklimataol. Ser. B14, pp. 206-233. */ |
| 1199 |
|
| 1200 |
/* Note: More sophisticated relative air mass models are */ |
| 1201 |
/* available, but they differ significantly only for */ |
| 1202 |
/* sun zenith angles greater than 80 degrees. */ |
| 1203 |
|
| 1204 |
double CalcAirMass() |
| 1205 |
{ |
| 1206 |
return (1.0 / (cos(sun_zenith) + 0.15 * pow(93.885 - |
| 1207 |
RadToDeg(sun_zenith), -1.253))); |
| 1208 |
} |
| 1209 |
|
| 1210 |
/* Calculate Perez All-Weather sky patch luminances (modified by GW) */ |
| 1211 |
|
| 1212 |
/* NOTE: The sky patches centers are determined in accordance with the */ |
| 1213 |
/* BRE-IDMP sky luminance measurement procedures. (See for example */ |
| 1214 |
/* Mardaljevic, J. 2001. "The BRE-IDMP Dataset: A New Benchmark */ |
| 1215 |
/* for the Validation of Illuminance Prediction Techniques," */ |
| 1216 |
/* Lighting Research & Technology 33(2):117-136.) */ |
| 1217 |
|
| 1218 |
void CalcSkyPatchLumin( float *parr ) |
| 1219 |
{ |
| 1220 |
int i; |
| 1221 |
double aas; /* Sun-sky point azimuthal angle */ |
| 1222 |
double sspa; /* Sun-sky point angle */ |
| 1223 |
double zsa; /* Zenithal sun angle */ |
| 1224 |
|
| 1225 |
for (i = 1; i < nskypatch; i++) |
| 1226 |
{ |
| 1227 |
/* Calculate sun-sky point azimuthal angle */ |
| 1228 |
aas = fabs(rh_pazi[i] - azimuth); |
| 1229 |
|
| 1230 |
/* Calculate zenithal sun angle */ |
| 1231 |
zsa = PI * 0.5 - rh_palt[i]; |
| 1232 |
|
| 1233 |
/* Calculate sun-sky point angle (Equation 8-20) */ |
| 1234 |
sspa = acos(cos(sun_zenith) * cos(zsa) + sin(sun_zenith) * |
| 1235 |
sin(zsa) * cos(aas)); |
| 1236 |
|
| 1237 |
/* Calculate patch luminance */ |
| 1238 |
parr[3*i] = CalcRelLuminance(sspa, zsa); |
| 1239 |
if (parr[3*i] < 0) parr[3*i] = 0; |
| 1240 |
parr[3*i+2] = parr[3*i+1] = parr[3*i]; |
| 1241 |
} |
| 1242 |
} |
