| 5 |
|
.vs 12 |
| 6 |
|
.nr PD .5v |
| 7 |
|
.ds LF MGF |
| 8 |
< |
.ds RF Version 1.0 |
| 9 |
< |
.DA May 1995 |
| 8 |
> |
.ds RF Version 1.1 |
| 9 |
> |
.\" !Remember to update date on each modification! |
| 10 |
> |
.DA February 1996 |
| 11 |
|
.TL |
| 12 |
|
The Materials and Geometry Format |
| 13 |
|
.AU |
| 43 |
|
"http://radsite.lbl.gov/mgf/HOME.html". |
| 44 |
|
.RE |
| 45 |
|
.LP |
| 46 |
< |
The standard parser provides both immediate and a long-term |
| 46 |
> |
The standard parser provides both immediate and long-term |
| 47 |
|
benefits, since it presents a programming interface that is more |
| 48 |
|
stable even than the language itself. |
| 49 |
|
Unlike AutoCAD DXF and other de facto standards, a change to the |
| 233 |
|
n dx dy dz set surface normal for current vertex |
| 234 |
|
_ _ _ |
| 235 |
|
f v1 v2 v3 ... polygon using current material, spec. vertices |
| 236 |
+ |
fh v1 v2 v3 - ... face with explicit holes |
| 237 |
|
sph vc radius sphere |
| 238 |
|
cyl v1 radius v2 truncated right cylinder (open-ended) |
| 239 |
|
cone v1 rad1 v2 rad2 truncated right cone (open-ended) |
| 284 |
|
T} |
| 285 |
|
Material m 2-sided black T{ |
| 286 |
|
sides, rd, td, |
| 287 |
< |
ed, rs, ts |
| 287 |
> |
ed, rs, ts, ir |
| 288 |
|
T} T{ |
| 289 |
|
f, sph, cyl, cone, |
| 290 |
|
ring, torus, prism |
| 1676 |
|
# A 100-watt incandescent bulb (1600 lumens) modeled as a sphere |
| 1677 |
|
m |
| 1678 |
|
c |
| 1679 |
< |
cct 3000 |
| 1679 |
> |
cct 3000 |
| 1680 |
|
ed 87712 |
| 1681 |
|
v cent = |
| 1682 |
|
p 0 0 0 |
| 2070 |
|
Also, specified normals should point in the general direction of the |
| 2071 |
|
surface for best results. |
| 2072 |
|
.LP |
| 2073 |
< |
There is no explicit representation of holes in MGF. A hole must be |
| 2074 |
< |
represented implicitly by connecting vertices to form "seams." For |
| 2073 |
> |
There is no explicit representation of holes in this entity, but see |
| 2074 |
> |
the |
| 2075 |
> |
.UL fh |
| 2076 |
> |
entity for an alternative specification. |
| 2077 |
> |
.LP |
| 2078 |
> |
A hole may be represented implicitly in a face entity |
| 2079 |
> |
by connecting vertices to form "seams." |
| 2080 |
> |
For |
| 2081 |
|
example, a wall with a window in it might look as shown in Figure 1. |
| 2082 |
|
In many systems, the wall itself would be represented with the first |
| 2083 |
|
list of vertices, (v1,v2,v3,v4) and the hole associated with that |
| 2084 |
< |
wall as a second set of vertices (v5,v6,v7,v8). In MGF, we must |
| 2084 |
> |
wall as a second set of vertices (v5,v6,v7,v8). |
| 2085 |
> |
Using the face entity, we must |
| 2086 |
|
give the whole thing as a single polygon, connecting the vertices so |
| 2087 |
|
as to create a "seam," as shown in Figure 2. |
| 2088 |
< |
This could be written in MGF as "f v1 v2 v3 v4 v5 v6 v7 v8 v5 v4". |
| 2088 |
> |
This could be written as "f v1 v2 v3 v4 v5 v6 v7 v8 v5 v4". |
| 2089 |
|
.LP |
| 2090 |
|
It is very important that the order of the hole be opposite to the |
| 2091 |
|
order of the outer perimeter, otherwise the polygon will be |
| 2134 |
|
.LP |
| 2135 |
|
.UL cone, |
| 2136 |
|
.UL cyl, |
| 2137 |
+ |
.UL fh, |
| 2138 |
|
.UL m, |
| 2139 |
|
.UL prism, |
| 2140 |
|
.UL ring, |
| 2141 |
|
.UL sph, |
| 2142 |
|
.UL torus, |
| 2143 |
|
.UL v |
| 2144 |
+ |
.ds RH FH |
| 2145 |
+ |
.bp |
| 2146 |
+ |
.SH |
| 2147 |
+ |
NAME |
| 2148 |
+ |
.LP |
| 2149 |
+ |
fh - create a polygonal face with explicit holes |
| 2150 |
+ |
.SH |
| 2151 |
+ |
SYNOPSIS |
| 2152 |
+ |
.LP |
| 2153 |
+ |
.B fh |
| 2154 |
+ |
.I "p1 p2 ... - h1.1 h1.2 ... - h2.1 h2.2 ..." |
| 2155 |
+ |
.SH |
| 2156 |
+ |
DESCRIPTION |
| 2157 |
+ |
.LP |
| 2158 |
+ |
Create a polygonal face with optional holes made of the current material. |
| 2159 |
+ |
The first contour is the outer perimeter, with vertices given in |
| 2160 |
+ |
counter-clockwise order as seen from the front side (the same as the |
| 2161 |
+ |
.UL f |
| 2162 |
+ |
entity). |
| 2163 |
+ |
A hole is indicated by a hyphen ('-') followed by the hole's |
| 2164 |
+ |
vertices, given in clockwise order as seen from the front side. |
| 2165 |
+ |
Multiple hole contours are separated by additional hyphens. |
| 2166 |
+ |
There must be at least three vertices for each contour, and the |
| 2167 |
+ |
last vertex is implicitly connected to the first. |
| 2168 |
+ |
If any vertex is undefined, an error will result. |
| 2169 |
+ |
.LP |
| 2170 |
+ |
If any vertices have associated surface normals, they will be used |
| 2171 |
+ |
instead of the average plane normal, though it is safest to specify |
| 2172 |
+ |
either all normals or no normals, and to stick with triangles |
| 2173 |
+ |
when normals are used. |
| 2174 |
+ |
Also, specified normals should point in the general direction of the |
| 2175 |
+ |
surface for best results. |
| 2176 |
+ |
.SH |
| 2177 |
+ |
EXAMPLE |
| 2178 |
+ |
.DS |
| 2179 |
+ |
# Make a wall with a window using an explicit hole. |
| 2180 |
+ |
# (See Figures 1 and 2.) |
| 2181 |
+ |
fh v1 v2 v3 v4 - v5 v6 v7 v8 |
| 2182 |
+ |
.DE |
| 2183 |
+ |
.SH |
| 2184 |
+ |
SEE ALSO |
| 2185 |
+ |
.LP |
| 2186 |
+ |
.UL cone, |
| 2187 |
+ |
.UL cyl, |
| 2188 |
+ |
.UL f, |
| 2189 |
+ |
.UL m, |
| 2190 |
+ |
.UL prism, |
| 2191 |
+ |
.UL ring, |
| 2192 |
+ |
.UL sph, |
| 2193 |
+ |
.UL torus, |
| 2194 |
+ |
.UL v |
| 2195 |
|
.ds RH SPH |
| 2196 |
|
.bp |
| 2197 |
|
.SH |
| 2562 |
|
.NH |
| 2563 |
|
MGF Translators |
| 2564 |
|
.LP |
| 2565 |
< |
Initially, there are four translators for MGF data, but only |
| 2566 |
< |
one of these is distributed with the MGF parser itself, |
| 2567 |
< |
.I mgfilt. |
| 2565 |
> |
Initially, there are six translators for MGF data, and |
| 2566 |
> |
three of these are distributed with the MGF parser itself, |
| 2567 |
> |
.I mgfilt, |
| 2568 |
> |
.I mgf2inv |
| 2569 |
> |
and |
| 2570 |
> |
.I 3ds2mgf. |
| 2571 |
|
Two of the other translators, |
| 2572 |
|
.I mgf2rad |
| 2573 |
|
and |
| 2580 |
|
nestor.epfl.ch, or by WWW from |
| 2581 |
|
"http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/HOME.html" |
| 2582 |
|
.FE |
| 2583 |
< |
A third translator, |
| 2583 |
> |
The sixth translator, |
| 2584 |
|
.I mgf2meta, |
| 2585 |
|
converts to a 2-dimensional line plot, and is also |
| 2586 |
|
distributed with Radiance. |
| 2597 |
|
In future releases of MGF, this utility will also be handy for |
| 2598 |
|
taking new entities and producing older versions of MGF for |
| 2599 |
|
translators that have not yet been updated properly. |
| 2600 |
+ |
.LP |
| 2601 |
+ |
Mgf2inv converts from MGF to Inventor or VRML format. |
| 2602 |
+ |
Some information is lost, because these formats do not support |
| 2603 |
+ |
physical light sources or materials. |
| 2604 |
+ |
.LP |
| 2605 |
+ |
3ds2mgf converts from 3D Studio binary format to MGF. |
| 2606 |
+ |
Care must be taken to correct for errors in the material descriptions, |
| 2607 |
+ |
since 3D Studio is completely non-physical. |
| 2608 |
|
.ds LH Translators |
| 2609 |
|
.ds RH MGFILT |
| 2610 |
|
.bp |
| 2667 |
|
.SH |
| 2668 |
|
SEE ALSO |
| 2669 |
|
.LP |
| 2670 |
< |
i, mgf2rad, rad2mgf |
| 2670 |
> |
i, mgf2inv, mgf2rad, rad2mgf |
| 2671 |
> |
.ds RH MGF2INV |
| 2672 |
> |
.bp |
| 2673 |
> |
.SH |
| 2674 |
> |
NAME |
| 2675 |
> |
.LP |
| 2676 |
> |
mgf2inv - convert from MGF to Inventor or VRML format |
| 2677 |
> |
.SH |
| 2678 |
> |
SYNOPSIS |
| 2679 |
> |
.LP |
| 2680 |
> |
.B mgf2inv |
| 2681 |
> |
[ |
| 2682 |
> |
.B "-1|-2|-vrml" |
| 2683 |
> |
] |
| 2684 |
> |
[ |
| 2685 |
> |
.B input .. |
| 2686 |
> |
] |
| 2687 |
> |
.SH |
| 2688 |
> |
DESCRIPTION |
| 2689 |
> |
.LP |
| 2690 |
> |
.I Mgf2inv |
| 2691 |
> |
takes one or more MGF input files and converts it to |
| 2692 |
> |
Inventor or VRML format. |
| 2693 |
> |
If the |
| 2694 |
> |
.I \-1 |
| 2695 |
> |
option is used, then Inventor 1.0 ASCII output is produced. |
| 2696 |
> |
If the |
| 2697 |
> |
.I \-2 |
| 2698 |
> |
option is used, then Inventor 2.0 ASCII output is produced. |
| 2699 |
> |
(This is the default.)\0 |
| 2700 |
> |
If the |
| 2701 |
> |
.I \-vrml |
| 2702 |
> |
option is used, then VRML 1.0 ASCII output is produced. |
| 2703 |
> |
.LP |
| 2704 |
> |
This converter does not work properly for light sources, since |
| 2705 |
> |
the output formats do not support IES-type luminaires with recorded |
| 2706 |
> |
distributions. |
| 2707 |
> |
Also, some material information may be lost because Inventor lacks |
| 2708 |
> |
a physically valid reflectance model. |
| 2709 |
> |
.SH |
| 2710 |
> |
EXAMPLES |
| 2711 |
> |
.LP |
| 2712 |
> |
To take an MGF file and convert it to VRML format: |
| 2713 |
> |
.IP |
| 2714 |
> |
mgf2inv -vrml myscene.mgf > myscene.iv |
| 2715 |
> |
.SH |
| 2716 |
> |
SEE ALSO |
| 2717 |
> |
.LP |
| 2718 |
> |
mgf2rad(1), mgfilt(1), 3ds2mgf(1), rad2mgf(1) |
| 2719 |
> |
.ds RH 3DS2MGF |
| 2720 |
> |
.bp |
| 2721 |
> |
.SH |
| 2722 |
> |
NAME |
| 2723 |
> |
.LP |
| 2724 |
> |
3ds2mgf - convert 3D Studio binary file to Materials and Geometry Format |
| 2725 |
> |
.SH |
| 2726 |
> |
SYNOPSIS |
| 2727 |
> |
.LP |
| 2728 |
> |
.B 3ds2mgf |
| 2729 |
> |
.B input |
| 2730 |
> |
[ |
| 2731 |
> |
.B output |
| 2732 |
> |
] |
| 2733 |
> |
[ |
| 2734 |
> |
.B -lMatlib |
| 2735 |
> |
][ |
| 2736 |
> |
.B -xObjname |
| 2737 |
> |
][ |
| 2738 |
> |
.B -sAngle |
| 2739 |
> |
][ |
| 2740 |
> |
.B -aAnimfile |
| 2741 |
> |
][ |
| 2742 |
> |
.B -fN |
| 2743 |
> |
] |
| 2744 |
> |
.SH |
| 2745 |
> |
DESCRIPTION |
| 2746 |
> |
.LP |
| 2747 |
> |
.I 3ds2mgf |
| 2748 |
> |
converts a 3D Studio binary scene description |
| 2749 |
> |
to the Materials and Geometry Format (MGF). |
| 2750 |
> |
If no output file name is given, the input root name |
| 2751 |
> |
will be taken as the output root, and an "mgf" extension |
| 2752 |
> |
will be added. |
| 2753 |
> |
This file will contain any light sources and materials, and an include |
| 2754 |
> |
statement for a similarly named file ending in "inc", which will contain |
| 2755 |
> |
the MGF geometry of all the translated 3DS meshes. |
| 2756 |
> |
.LP |
| 2757 |
> |
The MGF material names and properties |
| 2758 |
> |
for the surfaces will be those assigned in 3D Studio, |
| 2759 |
> |
unless they are named in one or more MGF material libraries given in a |
| 2760 |
> |
.I -l |
| 2761 |
> |
option. |
| 2762 |
> |
.LP |
| 2763 |
> |
The |
| 2764 |
> |
.I -x |
| 2765 |
> |
option may be used to exclude a named object from the output. |
| 2766 |
> |
.LP |
| 2767 |
> |
The |
| 2768 |
> |
.I -s |
| 2769 |
> |
option may be used to adjust automatic mesh smoothing such that adjacent |
| 2770 |
> |
triangle faces with less than the given angle between them (in degrees) |
| 2771 |
> |
will be smoothed. |
| 2772 |
> |
A value of zero turns smoothing off. |
| 2773 |
> |
The default value is 60 degrees. |
| 2774 |
> |
.LP |
| 2775 |
> |
The |
| 2776 |
> |
.I -a |
| 2777 |
> |
option may be used to specify a 3D Studio animation file, and together with the |
| 2778 |
> |
.I -f |
| 2779 |
> |
option, |
| 2780 |
> |
.I 3ds2mgf |
| 2781 |
> |
will generate a scene description for the specified frame. |
| 2782 |
> |
.LP |
| 2783 |
> |
Note that there are no spaces between the options and their arguments. |
| 2784 |
> |
.SH |
| 2785 |
> |
LIMITATIONS |
| 2786 |
> |
.LP |
| 2787 |
> |
Obviously, since 3D Studio has no notion of physical materials, the |
| 2788 |
> |
translation to MGF material descriptions is very ad hoc, and it will |
| 2789 |
> |
usually be necessary to edit the materials and light sources in |
| 2790 |
> |
the output file or replace materials with proper entries from a material |
| 2791 |
> |
library using the |
| 2792 |
> |
.I -l |
| 2793 |
> |
option. |
| 2794 |
> |
.LP |
| 2795 |
> |
With smoothing turned on (i.e., a non-zero value for the |
| 2796 |
> |
.I -s |
| 2797 |
> |
option), vertices in the MGF output will not be linked in a proper |
| 2798 |
> |
mesh for each object. |
| 2799 |
> |
This is due to the way the automatic smoothing code was originally |
| 2800 |
> |
written, and is too difficult to repair. |
| 2801 |
> |
If a good mesh is needed, then smoothing must be turned off. |
| 2802 |
> |
.SH |
| 2803 |
> |
EXAMPLES |
| 2804 |
> |
.LP |
| 2805 |
> |
To convert a 3D Studio robot model to MGF without smoothing. |
| 2806 |
> |
(Output will be put into "robot.mgf" and "robot.inc".) |
| 2807 |
> |
.IP |
| 2808 |
> |
3ds2mgf robot.3ds -s0 |
| 2809 |
> |
.LP |
| 2810 |
> |
To convert a DC10 jet model to MGF using a hand-created material library: |
| 2811 |
> |
.IP |
| 2812 |
> |
3ds2mgf dc10.3ds -ldc10mat.mgf |
| 2813 |
> |
.SH |
| 2814 |
> |
AUTHORS |
| 2815 |
> |
.LP |
| 2816 |
> |
Steve Anger, Jeff Bowermaster and Greg Ward |
| 2817 |
> |
.br |
| 2818 |
> |
Extended from 3ds2pov 1.8. |
| 2819 |
> |
.SH |
| 2820 |
> |
SEE ALSO |
| 2821 |
> |
.LP |
| 2822 |
> |
mgf2inv(1), mgf2meta(1), mgf2rad(1) |
| 2823 |
|
.ds RH MGF2RAD |
| 2824 |
|
.bp |
| 2825 |
|
.SH |
| 3494 |
|
#define MG_EUNK 1 /* unknown entity */ |
| 3495 |
|
#define MG_EARGC 2 /* wrong number of arguments */ |
| 3496 |
|
#define MG_ETYPE 3 /* argument type error */ |
| 3497 |
< |
#define MG_EILL 4 /* illegal argument value */ |
| 3497 |
> |
#define MG_EILL 4 /* illegal argument value */ |
| 3498 |
|
#define MG_EUNDEF 5 /* undefined reference */ |
| 3499 |
|
#define MG_ENOFILE 6 /* cannot open input file */ |
| 3500 |
|
#define MG_EINCL 7 /* error in included file */ |
| 3504 |
|
#define MG_ELINE 11 /* input line too long */ |
| 3505 |
|
#define MG_ECNTXT 12 /* unmatched context close */ |
| 3506 |
|
|
| 3507 |
< |
#define MG_NERRS 13 |
| 3507 |
> |
#define MG_NERRS 13 |
| 3508 |
|
.DE |
| 3509 |
|
If it is inappropriate to send output to standard error, the calling |
| 3510 |
|
program should use the routines listed under |
| 3927 |
|
transform has not changed, which is uniquely identified by the |
| 3928 |
|
global |
| 3929 |
|
.I xf_context->xid |
| 3930 |
< |
variable, but only if one is using the parser libraries transform |
| 3930 |
> |
variable, but only if one is using the parser library's transform |
| 3931 |
|
handler. |
| 3932 |
|
(See the |
| 3933 |
|
.I xf_handler |
| 4658 |
|
The hardest part is translating the specular power to a roughness value. |
| 4659 |
|
For this, we recommend the following approximation: |
| 4660 |
|
.IP |
| 4661 |
< |
roughness = 0.6/sqrt(specular_power) |
| 4661 |
> |
roughness = sqrt(2/specular_power) |
| 4662 |
|
.LP |
| 4663 |
|
It is not a perfect correlation, but it is about as close as one can get. |
| 4664 |
|
.NH 3 |
