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root/radiance/ray/src/common/malloc.c
Revision: 2.11
Committed: Mon Aug 24 15:31:29 1998 UTC (25 years, 8 months ago) by gwlarson
Content type: text/plain
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 2.10: +1 -1 lines
Log Message:
added defensive measure to bfree() for NULL pointer

File Contents

# User Rev Content
1 greg 2.3 /* Copyright (c) 1992 Regents of the University of California */
2 greg 1.1
3     #ifndef lint
4     static char SCCSid[] = "$SunId$ LBL";
5     #endif
6    
7     /*
8     * Fast malloc for memory hogs and VM environments.
9     * Performs a minimum of searching through free lists.
10 greg 1.4 * malloc(), realloc() and free() use buckets
11     * containing blocks in powers of two, similar to CIT routines.
12     * bfree() puts memory from any source into malloc free lists.
13     * bmalloc() doesn't keep track of free lists -- it's usually
14 greg 1.3 * just a buffered call to sbrk(2). However, bmalloc will
15     * call mscrounge() if sbrk fails.
16 greg 1.8 * mscrounge() returns whatever free memory it can find to satisfy the
17 greg 1.3 * request along with the number of bytes (modified).
18 greg 1.14 * mcompact() takes the same arguments as mscrounge() (and is in fact
19     * called by mscrounge() under dire circumstances), but it uses
20     * memory compaction to return a larger block. (MCOMP)
21 greg 1.1 *
22     * Greg Ward Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
23     */
24    
25 greg 1.6 #include <errno.h>
26    
27 greg 2.7 #ifndef BSD
28     #define bcopy(s,d,n) (void)memcpy(d,s,n)
29     #define bzero(d,n) (void)memset(d,0,n)
30     #endif
31    
32 greg 1.9 #ifdef MSTATS
33     #include <stdio.h>
34 greg 2.6 static unsigned b_nsbrked = 0;
35 greg 1.9 static unsigned b_nalloced = 0;
36     static unsigned b_nfreed = 0;
37     static unsigned b_nscrounged = 0;
38 greg 1.14 static unsigned b_ncompacted = 0;
39 greg 1.9 static unsigned m_nalloced = 0;
40     static unsigned m_nfreed = 0;
41     static unsigned m_nwasted = 0;
42     #else
43 greg 1.1 #define NULL 0
44 greg 1.9 #endif
45 greg 1.1
46     #ifndef ALIGN
47     #define ALIGN int /* align type */
48     #endif
49     #define BYTES_WORD sizeof(ALIGN)
50    
51 greg 1.16 #ifndef MAXINCR
52 greg 1.9 #define MAXINCR (1<<16) /* largest sbrk(2) increment */
53 greg 1.1 #endif
54     /* malloc free lists */
55     typedef union m_head {
56     union m_head *next;
57 greg 1.12 struct {
58     short magic;
59     short bucket;
60     } a;
61 greg 1.1 ALIGN dummy;
62     } M_HEAD;
63    
64 greg 1.12 #define MAGIC 0x1a2 /* magic number for allocated memory */
65    
66 greg 1.1 #define FIRSTBUCKET 3
67     #define NBUCKETS 30
68    
69     static M_HEAD *free_list[NBUCKETS];
70    
71 greg 1.12 static ALIGN dummy_mem;
72 greg 1.1
73 greg 2.6 static char *memlim[2];
74    
75 greg 1.12 #define DUMMYLOC ((char *)&dummy_mem)
76 greg 1.10
77 greg 2.6 #define BADPTR(p) ((p) < memlim[0] | (p) >= memlim[1])
78    
79 greg 1.14 #ifdef MCOMP /* memory compaction routines */
80     static char seedtab[1024]; /* seed for compaction table */
81 greg 1.12
82 greg 1.14 static struct mblk {
83     char *ptr; /* pointer to memory block */
84     unsigned siz; /* size of memory block */
85     } cptab = {seedtab, sizeof(seedtab)};
86    
87     #define mtab(mb) ((struct mblk *)(mb)->ptr)
88     #define mtablen(mb) ((mb)->siz/sizeof(struct mblk))
89    
90    
91     static int
92     mbcmp(m1, m2) /* compare memory block locations */
93     register struct mblk *m1, *m2;
94     {
95     /* put empty blocks at end */
96     if (m1->siz == 0)
97     return(m2->siz == 0 ? 0 : 1);
98     if (m2->siz == 0)
99     return(-1);
100     /* otherwise, ascending order */
101     return(m1->ptr - m2->ptr);
102     }
103    
104    
105     int
106     compactfree() /* compact free lists (moving to table) */
107     {
108     register struct mblk *tp;
109     register int bucket;
110     unsigned n, bsiz, ncomp;
111     /* fill table from free lists */
112     tp = mtab(&cptab); n = mtablen(&cptab);
113     bucket = NBUCKETS-1; bsiz = 1<<(NBUCKETS-1);
114     ncomp = 0;
115     for ( ; ; ) {
116     while (tp->siz) { /* find empty slot */
117     if (--n == 0)
118     goto loopexit;
119     tp++;
120     }
121     while (free_list[bucket] == NULL) { /* find block */
122     if (--bucket < FIRSTBUCKET)
123     goto loopexit;
124     bsiz >>= 1;
125     }
126     tp->ptr = (char *)free_list[bucket];
127     ncomp += (tp->siz = bsiz + sizeof(M_HEAD));
128     free_list[bucket] = free_list[bucket]->next;
129     }
130     loopexit:
131     if (ncomp == 0)
132     return(0); /* nothing new to compact */
133     #ifdef MSTATS
134     b_ncompacted += ncomp;
135     #endif
136     tp = mtab(&cptab); n = mtablen(&cptab); /* sort table */
137     qsort((char *)tp, n, sizeof(struct mblk), mbcmp);
138     ncomp = 0; /* collect blocks */
139     while (--n && tp[1].siz) {
140     if (tp[0].ptr + tp[0].siz == tp[1].ptr) {
141     tp[1].ptr = tp[0].ptr;
142     tp[1].siz += tp[0].siz;
143     ncomp += tp[0].siz;
144     tp[0].siz = 0;
145     }
146     tp++;
147     }
148     return(ncomp);
149     }
150    
151    
152 greg 1.1 char *
153 greg 1.14 mcompact(np) /* compact free lists to satisfy request */
154     unsigned *np;
155     {
156     struct mblk *tab;
157     unsigned tablen;
158     register struct mblk *bp, *big;
159    
160     for ( ; ; ) {
161     /* compact free lists */
162 greg 2.9 while (compactfree())
163     ;
164 greg 1.14 /* find largest block */
165     tab = mtab(&cptab); tablen = mtablen(&cptab);
166     big = tab;
167     bp = tab + tablen;
168     while (--bp > tab)
169     if (bp->siz > big->siz)
170     big = bp;
171     if (big->siz >= *np) { /* big enough? */
172     *np = big->siz;
173     big->siz = 0; /* remove from table */
174     return(big->ptr); /* return it */
175     }
176 greg 2.7 if (mtablen(big) <= tablen) {
177 greg 1.14 *np = 0; /* cannot grow table */
178     return(NULL); /* report failure */
179     }
180     /* enlarge table, free old one */
181     mtab(big)[0].ptr = cptab.ptr;
182     mtab(big)[0].siz = cptab.siz;
183     cptab.ptr = big->ptr;
184     cptab.siz = big->siz;
185     big->siz = 0; /* clear and copy */
186     bcopy((char *)tab, (char *)(mtab(&cptab)+1),
187     tablen*sizeof(struct mblk));
188     bzero((char *)(mtab(&cptab)+tablen+1),
189     (mtablen(&cptab)-tablen-1)*sizeof(struct mblk));
190     } /* next round */
191     }
192     #endif /* MCOMP */
193    
194    
195     char *
196 greg 1.4 mscrounge(np) /* search free lists to satisfy request */
197 greg 1.3 register unsigned *np;
198     {
199     char *p;
200     register int bucket;
201     register unsigned bsiz;
202    
203     for (bucket = FIRSTBUCKET, bsiz = 1<<FIRSTBUCKET;
204     bucket < NBUCKETS; bucket++, bsiz <<= 1)
205     if (free_list[bucket] != NULL && bsiz+sizeof(M_HEAD) >= *np) {
206     *np = bsiz+sizeof(M_HEAD);
207     p = (char *)free_list[bucket];
208     free_list[bucket] = free_list[bucket]->next;
209 greg 1.9 #ifdef MSTATS
210     b_nscrounged += *np;
211     #endif
212 greg 1.3 return(p);
213     }
214 greg 1.14 #ifdef MCOMP
215     return(mcompact(np)); /* try compaction */
216     #else
217 greg 1.3 *np = 0;
218     return(NULL);
219 greg 1.14 #endif
220 greg 1.3 }
221    
222    
223     char *
224 greg 1.1 bmalloc(n) /* allocate a block of n bytes, sans header */
225     register unsigned n;
226     {
227     extern char *sbrk();
228 greg 1.3 static unsigned pagesz = 0;
229     static unsigned amnt;
230 greg 1.1 static char *bpos;
231 greg 1.3 static unsigned nrem;
232     unsigned thisamnt;
233 greg 1.1 register char *p;
234    
235     if (pagesz == 0) { /* initialize */
236 greg 1.2 pagesz = amnt = getpagesize();
237 greg 1.1 nrem = (int)sbrk(0); /* page align break */
238     nrem = pagesz - (nrem&(pagesz-1));
239 greg 2.3 bpos = sbrk(nrem);
240 greg 1.1 if ((int)bpos == -1)
241     return(NULL);
242 greg 1.14 #ifdef MSTATS
243     b_nsbrked += nrem;
244     #endif
245 greg 2.4 bpos += nrem & (BYTES_WORD-1); /* align pointer */
246     nrem &= ~(BYTES_WORD-1);
247 greg 2.6 memlim[0] = bpos;
248     memlim[1] = bpos + nrem;
249 greg 1.1 }
250    
251     n = (n+(BYTES_WORD-1))&~(BYTES_WORD-1); /* word align rqst. */
252    
253     if (n > nrem) { /* need more core */
254 greg 2.8 tryagain:
255 greg 1.3 if (n > amnt) { /* big chunk */
256     thisamnt = (n+(pagesz-1))&~(pagesz-1);
257     if (thisamnt <= MAXINCR) /* increase amnt */
258     amnt = thisamnt;
259     } else
260     thisamnt = amnt;
261     p = sbrk(thisamnt);
262 greg 1.4 if ((int)p == -1) { /* uh-oh, ENOMEM */
263 greg 2.8 errno = 0; /* call cavalry */
264     if (thisamnt >= n+pagesz) {
265     amnt = pagesz; /* minimize request */
266     goto tryagain;
267     }
268     thisamnt = n;
269     p = mscrounge(&thisamnt); /* search free lists */
270     if (p == NULL) { /* we're really out */
271     errno = ENOMEM;
272 greg 1.3 return(NULL);
273 greg 2.8 }
274 greg 1.3 }
275 greg 1.14 #ifdef MSTATS
276     else b_nsbrked += thisamnt;
277     #endif
278 greg 1.3 if (p != bpos+nrem) { /* not an increment */
279 greg 1.4 bfree(bpos, nrem); /* free what we have */
280 greg 1.1 bpos = p;
281 greg 1.3 nrem = thisamnt;
282 greg 1.4 } else /* otherwise tack on */
283 greg 1.3 nrem += thisamnt;
284 greg 2.6 if (bpos < memlim[0])
285     memlim[0] = bpos;
286     if (bpos + nrem > memlim[1])
287     memlim[1] = bpos + nrem;
288 greg 1.1 }
289     p = bpos;
290     bpos += n; /* advance */
291     nrem -= n;
292 greg 1.13 #ifdef MSTATS
293     b_nalloced += n;
294     #endif
295 greg 1.1 return(p);
296     }
297    
298    
299     bfree(p, n) /* free n bytes of random memory */
300 greg 1.2 register char *p;
301     register unsigned n;
302 greg 1.1 {
303     register int bucket;
304     register unsigned bsiz;
305 greg 1.9
306 gwlarson 2.11 if (n < 1<<FIRSTBUCKET || p == NULL)
307 greg 1.15 return;
308 greg 1.9 #ifdef MSTATS
309     b_nfreed += n;
310     #endif
311 greg 1.4 /* align pointer */
312 greg 1.6 bsiz = BYTES_WORD - ((unsigned)p&(BYTES_WORD-1));
313 greg 1.4 if (bsiz < BYTES_WORD) {
314     p += bsiz;
315     n -= bsiz;
316 greg 1.1 }
317 greg 2.6 if (p < memlim[0])
318     memlim[0] = p;
319     if (p + n > memlim[1])
320     memlim[1] = p + n;
321 greg 1.4 /* fill big buckets first */
322     for (bucket = NBUCKETS-1, bsiz = 1<<(NBUCKETS-1);
323     bucket >= FIRSTBUCKET; bucket--, bsiz >>= 1)
324     if (n >= bsiz+sizeof(M_HEAD)) {
325     ((M_HEAD *)p)->next = free_list[bucket];
326     free_list[bucket] = (M_HEAD *)p;
327     p += bsiz+sizeof(M_HEAD);
328     n -= bsiz+sizeof(M_HEAD);
329     }
330 greg 1.1 }
331    
332    
333     char *
334     malloc(n) /* allocate n bytes of memory */
335     unsigned n;
336     {
337     register M_HEAD *mp;
338     register int bucket;
339     register unsigned bsiz;
340 greg 1.10 /* don't return NULL on 0 request */
341     if (n == 0)
342     return(DUMMYLOC);
343 greg 1.2 /* find first bucket that fits */
344 greg 1.6 for (bucket = FIRSTBUCKET, bsiz = 1<<FIRSTBUCKET;
345     bucket < NBUCKETS; bucket++, bsiz <<= 1)
346     if (bsiz >= n)
347     break;
348     if (bucket >= NBUCKETS) {
349     errno = EINVAL;
350     return(NULL);
351     }
352 greg 1.4 if (free_list[bucket] == NULL) { /* need more core */
353 greg 1.1 mp = (M_HEAD *)bmalloc(bsiz+sizeof(M_HEAD));
354     if (mp == NULL)
355     return(NULL);
356 greg 1.4 } else { /* got it */
357 greg 1.1 mp = free_list[bucket];
358     free_list[bucket] = mp->next;
359     }
360 greg 1.13 #ifdef MSTATS
361     m_nalloced += bsiz + sizeof(M_HEAD);
362     m_nwasted += bsiz + sizeof(M_HEAD) - n;
363     #endif
364 greg 1.12 mp->a.magic = MAGIC; /* tag block */
365     mp->a.bucket = bucket;
366 greg 1.1 return((char *)(mp+1));
367     }
368    
369    
370     char *
371     realloc(op, n) /* reallocate memory using malloc() */
372 greg 1.6 register char *op;
373 greg 1.1 unsigned n;
374     {
375 greg 1.6 char *p;
376 greg 1.1 register unsigned on;
377 greg 1.6 /* get old size */
378 greg 2.6 if (op != DUMMYLOC && !BADPTR(op) &&
379     ((M_HEAD *)op-1)->a.magic == MAGIC)
380 greg 1.12 on = 1 << ((M_HEAD *)op-1)->a.bucket;
381 greg 1.5 else
382     on = 0;
383 greg 1.6 if (n <= on && (n > on>>1 || on == 1<<FIRSTBUCKET))
384 greg 1.5 return(op); /* same bucket */
385 greg 1.13 if ((p = malloc(n)) == NULL)
386 greg 2.5 return(n<=on ? op : NULL);
387 greg 1.13 if (on) {
388 greg 1.2 bcopy(op, p, n>on ? on : n);
389 greg 1.13 free(op);
390     }
391 greg 1.1 return(p);
392     }
393    
394    
395     free(p) /* free memory allocated by malloc */
396     char *p;
397     {
398     register M_HEAD *mp;
399     register int bucket;
400    
401 greg 2.6 if (p == DUMMYLOC)
402 greg 1.13 return(1);
403 greg 2.6 if (BADPTR(p))
404     goto invalid;
405 greg 1.1 mp = (M_HEAD *)p - 1;
406 greg 1.12 if (mp->a.magic != MAGIC) /* sanity check */
407 greg 2.6 goto invalid;
408 greg 1.12 bucket = mp->a.bucket;
409 greg 2.2 if (bucket < FIRSTBUCKET | bucket >= NBUCKETS)
410 greg 2.6 goto invalid;
411 greg 1.1 mp->next = free_list[bucket];
412     free_list[bucket] = mp;
413 greg 1.9 #ifdef MSTATS
414     m_nfreed += (1 << bucket) + sizeof(M_HEAD);
415     #endif
416 greg 1.13 return(1);
417 greg 2.6 invalid:
418     errno = EINVAL;
419     return(0);
420 greg 1.1 }
421 greg 1.9
422    
423     #ifdef MSTATS
424     printmemstats(fp) /* print memory statistics to stream */
425     FILE *fp;
426     {
427     register int i;
428     int n;
429     register M_HEAD *mp;
430     unsigned int total = 0;
431    
432     fprintf(fp, "Memory statistics:\n");
433 greg 1.14 fprintf(fp, "\tbmalloc: %d bytes from sbrk\n", b_nsbrked);
434 greg 1.9 fprintf(fp, "\tbmalloc: %d bytes allocated\n", b_nalloced);
435     fprintf(fp, "\tbmalloc: %d bytes freed\n", b_nfreed);
436     fprintf(fp, "\tbmalloc: %d bytes scrounged\n", b_nscrounged);
437 greg 1.14 fprintf(fp, "\tbmalloc: %d bytes compacted\n", b_ncompacted);
438 greg 1.9 fprintf(fp, "\tmalloc: %d bytes allocated\n", m_nalloced);
439     fprintf(fp, "\tmalloc: %d bytes wasted (%.1f%%)\n", m_nwasted,
440     100.0*m_nwasted/m_nalloced);
441     fprintf(fp, "\tmalloc: %d bytes freed\n", m_nfreed);
442     for (i = NBUCKETS-1; i >= FIRSTBUCKET; i--) {
443     n = 0;
444     for (mp = free_list[i]; mp != NULL; mp = mp->next)
445     n++;
446     if (n) {
447     fprintf(fp, "\t%d * %u\n", n, 1<<i);
448     total += n * ((1<<i) + sizeof(M_HEAD));
449     }
450     }
451     fprintf(fp, "\t %u total bytes in free list\n", total);
452     }
453 greg 1.1 #endif