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# Line 1 | Line 1
1   <html>
2 + <!-- RCSid $Id$ -->
3   <head>
4   <title>
5 < The RADIANCE 4.1 Synthetic Imaging System
5 > The RADIANCE 5.1 Synthetic Imaging System
6   </title>
7   </head>
8   <body>
# Line 9 | Line 10 | The RADIANCE 4.1 Synthetic Imaging System
10   <p>
11  
12   <h1>
13 < The RADIANCE 4.1 Synthetic Imaging System
13 > The RADIANCE 5.1 Synthetic Imaging System
14   </h1>
15  
16   <p>
# Line 1063 | Line 1064 | unless the line integrals consider enclosed geometry.
1064          Real arguments to this material may define additional
1065          diffuse components that augment the BSDF data.
1066          String arguments are used to define thickness for proxied
1067 <        surfaces and the "up" orientation for the material.
1067 >        surfaces and the &quot;up&quot; orientation for the material.
1068  
1069   <pre>
1070          mod BSDF id
# Line 1076 | Line 1077 | unless the line integrals consider enclosed geometry.
1077   </pre>
1078  
1079   <p>
1080 <        The first string argument is a "thickness" parameter that may be used
1080 >        The first string argument is a &quot;thickness&quot; parameter that may be used
1081          to hide detail geometry being proxied by an aggregate BSDF material.
1082          If a view or shadow ray hits a BSDF proxy with non-zero thickness,
1083          it will pass directly through as if the surface were not there.
# Line 1092 | Line 1093 | unless the line integrals consider enclosed geometry.
1093          a parallel BSDF surface may be
1094          placed slightly less than the given thickness away from the front surface
1095          to enclose the complex geometry on both sides.
1096 +        The sign of the thickness is important, as it indicates
1097 +        whether the proxied geometry is behind the BSDF
1098 +        surface (when thickness is positive) or in front (when
1099 +        thickness is negative).
1100   <p>
1101 <        The second string argument is the name of the BSDF file, which is
1102 <        found in the usual auxiliary locations.
1103 <        The following three string parameters name variables for an "up" vector,
1104 <        which together with the surface normal, define the
1105 <        local coordinate system that orients the BSDF.
1106 <        These variables, along with the thickness, are defined in a function
1107 <        file given as the next string argument.
1108 <        An optional transform is used to scale the thickness and reorient the up vector.
1101 >        The second string argument is the name of the BSDF file,
1102 >        which is found in the usual auxiliary locations.  The
1103 >        following three string parameters name variables for an
1104 >        &quot;up&quot; vector, which together with the surface
1105 >        normal, define the local coordinate system that orients the
1106 >        BSDF.  These variables, along with the thickness, are defined
1107 >        in a function file given as the next string argument.  An
1108 >        optional transform is used to scale the thickness and
1109 >        reorient the up vector.
1110   <p>
1111 <        If no real arguments are given, the BSDF is used by itself to determine
1112 <        reflection and transmission.
1113 <        If there are at least 3 real arguments, the first triplet is an
1114 <        additional diffuse reflectance for the front side.
1115 <        At least 6 real arguments adds diffuse reflectance to the rear side of the surface.
1116 <        If there are 9 real arguments, the final triplet will be taken as an additional
1117 <        diffuse transmittance.
1118 <        All diffuse components as well as the non-diffuse transmission are
1119 <        modified by patterns applied to this material.
1120 <        The non-diffuse reflection from either side are unaffected.
1121 <        Textures perturb the effective surface normal in the usual way.
1111 >        If no real arguments are given, the BSDF is used by itself
1112 >        to determine reflection and transmission.  If there are at
1113 >        least 3 real arguments, the first triplet is an additional
1114 >        diffuse reflectance for the front side.  At least 6 real
1115 >        arguments adds diffuse reflectance to the rear side of the
1116 >        surface.  If there are 9 real arguments, the final triplet
1117 >        will be taken as an additional diffuse transmittance.  All
1118 >        diffuse components as well as the non-diffuse transmission
1119 >        are modified by patterns applied to this material.  The
1120 >        non-diffuse reflection from either side are unaffected.
1121 >        Textures perturb the effective surface normal in the usual
1122 >        way.
1123   <p>
1124 <        The surface normal of this type is not altered to face the incoming ray,
1125 <        so the front and back BSDF reflections may differ.
1126 <        (Transmission is identical front-to-back by physical law.)\0
1127 <        If back visibility is turned off during rendering and there is no
1128 <        transmission or back-side reflection, only then the surface will be
1129 <        invisible from behind.
1130 <        Unlike other data-driven material types, the BSDF type is fully
1131 <        supported and all parts of the distribution are properly sampled.
1124 >        The surface normal of this type is not altered to face the
1125 >        incoming ray, so the front and back BSDF reflections may
1126 >        differ.  (Transmission is identical front-to-back by physical
1127 >        law.) If back visibility is turned off during rendering and
1128 >        there is no transmission or back-side reflection, only then
1129 >        the surface will be invisible from behind.  Unlike other
1130 >        data-driven material types, the BSDF type is fully supported
1131 >        and all parts of the distribution are properly sampled.
1132   <p>
1133  
1134   <dt>
# Line 1782 | Line 1789 | Pictures may be displayed directly under X11 using the
1789   or converted a standard image format using one of the following
1790   <b>translators</b>:
1791          <ul>
1792 <        <li> <b>Ra_avs</b>
1793 <                converts to and from AVS image format.
1787 <        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_pict.1.html"><b>Ra_pict</b></a>
1788 <                converts to Macintosh 32-bit PICT2 format.
1792 >        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_bmp.1.html"><b>Ra_bmp</b>
1793 >                converts to and from BMP image format.
1794          <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_ppm.1.html"><b>Ra_ppm</b></a>
1795                  converts to and from Poskanzer Portable Pixmap formats.
1791 –        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_pr.1.html"><b>Ra_pr</b></a>
1792 –                converts to and from Sun 8-bit rasterfile format.
1793 –        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_pr24.1.html"><b>Ra_pr24</b></a>
1794 –                converts to and from Sun 24-bit rasterfile format.
1796          <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_ps.1.html"><b>Ra_ps</b></a>
1797                  converts to PostScript color and greyscale formats.
1798          <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_rgbe.1.html"><b>Ra_rgbe</b></a>
# Line 1817 | Line 1818 | or converted a standard image format using one of the
1818   <pre>
1819   The Radiance Software License, Version 1.0
1820  
1821 < Copyright (c) 1990 - 2010 The Regents of the University of California,
1821 > Copyright (c) 1990 - 2014 The Regents of the University of California,
1822   through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.   All rights reserved.
1823  
1824   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# Line 1851 | Line 1852 | are met:
1852        nor may &quot;Radiance&quot; appear in their name, without prior written
1853        permission of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
1854  
1855 < THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
1855 > THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS&quot; AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
1856   WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
1857   OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1858   DISCLAIMED.   IN NO EVENT SHALL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory OR
# Line 1890 | Line 1891 | Ecole  Polytechnique  Federale de Lausanne (EPFL Unive
1891   </h2>
1892   <p>
1893   <ul>
1894 +    <li>McNeil, A., C.J. Jonsson, D. Appelfeld, G. Ward, E.S. Lee,
1895 +        &quot;<a href="http://gaia.lbl.gov/btech/papers/4414.pdf">
1896 +        A validation of a ray-tracing tool used to generate
1897 +        bi-directional scattering distribution functions for
1898 +        complex fenestration systems</a>,&quot;
1899 +        <em>Solar Energy</em>, 98, 404-14,
1900 +        November 2013.
1901 +    <li>Ward, G., R. Mistrick, E.S. Lee, A. McNeil, J. Jonsson,
1902 +        &quot;<a href="http://gaia.lbl.gov/btech/papers/4414.pdf">Simulating
1903 +        the Daylight Performance of Complex Fenestration Systems
1904 +        Using Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Functions within
1905 +        Radiance</a>,&quot;
1906 +        <em>Leukos</em>, 7(4)
1907 +        April 2011.
1908      <li>Cater, Kirsten, Alan Chalmers, Greg Ward,
1909          &quot;<a href="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/egsr2003.pdf">Detail to Attention:
1910          Exploiting Visual Tasks for Selective Rendering</a>,&quot;
1911          <em>Eurographics Symposium
1912          on Rendering 2003</em>, June 2003.
1913      <li>Ward, Greg, Elena Eydelberg-Vileshin,
1914 <        ``<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/egwr02/index.html">Picture Perfect RGB
1915 <        Rendering Using Spectral Prefiltering and Sharp Color Primaries</a>,''
1914 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/egwr02/index.html">Picture Perfect RGB
1915 >        Rendering Using Spectral Prefiltering and Sharp Color Primaries</a>,&quot;
1916          Thirteenth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering (2002),
1917          P. Debevec and S. Gibson (Editors), June 2002.
1918      <li>Ward, Gregory,
1919 <        ``<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/cic01.pdf">High Dynamic Range Imaging</a>,''
1919 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/cic01.pdf">High Dynamic Range Imaging</a>,&quot;
1920          Proceedings of the Ninth Color Imaging Conference, November 2001.
1921      <li>Ward, Gregory and Maryann Simmons,
1922 <        ``<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/tog99.pdf">
1922 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/tog99.pdf">
1923          The Holodeck Ray Cache: An Interactive Rendering System for Global Illumination in Nondiffuse
1924 <        Environments</a>,'' ACM Transactions on Graphics, 18(4):361-98, October 1999.
1925 <    <li>Larson, G.W., ``<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/ewp98.pdf">The Holodeck: A Parallel
1926 <        Ray-caching Rendering System</a>,'' Proceedings of the Second
1924 >        Environments</a>,&quot; ACM Transactions on Graphics, 18(4):361-98, October 1999.
1925 >    <li>Larson, G.W., &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/ewp98.pdf">The Holodeck: A Parallel
1926 >        Ray-caching Rendering System</a>,&quot; Proceedings of the Second
1927          Eurographics Workshop on Parallel Graphics and Visualisation,
1928          September 1998.
1929      <li>Larson, G.W. and R.A. Shakespeare,
# Line 1916 | Line 1931 | Ecole  Polytechnique  Federale de Lausanne (EPFL Unive
1931          the Art and Science of Lighting Visualization</em></a>,
1932          Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1998.
1933      <li>Larson, G.W., H. Rushmeier, C. Piatko,
1934 <        ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/lbnl39882/tonemap.pdf">A Visibility
1934 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/lbnl39882/tonemap.pdf">A Visibility
1935          Matching Tone Reproduction Operator for
1936 <        High Dynamic Range Scenes</a>,'' LBNL Technical Report 39882,
1936 >        High Dynamic Range Scenes</a>,&quot; LBNL Technical Report 39882,
1937          January 1997.
1938 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw95.1/paper.html">Making
1939 <        Global Illumination User-Friendly</a>,'' Sixth
1938 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw95.1/paper.html">Making
1939 >        Global Illumination User-Friendly</a>,&quot; Sixth
1940          Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, Springer-Verlag,
1941          Dublin, Ireland, June 1995.</li>
1942      <li>Rushmeier, H., G. Ward, C. Piatko, P. Sanders, B. Rust,
1943 <        ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/mgf/compare.html">
1943 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/mgf/compare.html">
1944          Comparing Real and Synthetic Images: Some Ideas about
1945 <        Metrics</a>,'' Sixth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering,
1945 >        Metrics</a>,&quot; Sixth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering,
1946          Springer-Verlag, Dublin, Ireland, June 1995.</li>
1947 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.1/paper.html">The RADIANCE
1948 <        Lighting Simulation and Rendering System</a>,'' <em>Computer
1947 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.1/paper.html">The RADIANCE
1948 >        Lighting Simulation and Rendering System</a>,&quot; <em>Computer
1949          Graphics</em>, July 1994.</li>
1950 <    <li>Rushmeier, H., G. Ward, ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.2/energy.html">Energy
1951 <        Preserving Non-Linear Filters</a>,'' <em>Computer
1950 >    <li>Rushmeier, H., G. Ward, &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.2/energy.html">Energy
1951 >        Preserving Non-Linear Filters</a>,&quot; <em>Computer
1952          Graphics</em>, July 1994.</li>
1953 <    <li>Ward, G., ``A Contrast-Based Scalefactor for Luminance
1954 <        Display,'' <em>Graphics Gems IV</em>, Edited by Paul Heckbert,
1953 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;A Contrast-Based Scalefactor for Luminance
1954 >        Display,&quot; <em>Graphics Gems IV</em>, Edited by Paul Heckbert,
1955          Academic Press 1994.</li>
1956 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg92/paper.html">Measuring and
1957 <        Modeling Anisotropic Reflection</a>,'' <em>Computer
1956 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg92/paper.html">Measuring and
1957 >        Modeling Anisotropic Reflection</a>,&quot; <em>Computer
1958          Graphics</em>, Vol. 26, No. 2, July 1992. </li>
1959 <    <li>Ward, G., P. Heckbert, ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw92/paper.html">Irradiance
1960 <        Gradients</a>,'' Third Annual Eurographics Workshop on
1959 >    <li>Ward, G., P. Heckbert, &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw92/paper.html">Irradiance
1960 >        Gradients</a>,&quot; Third Annual Eurographics Workshop on
1961          Rendering, Springer-Verlag, May 1992. </li>
1962 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw91/erw91.html">Adaptive Shadow
1963 <        Testing for Ray Tracing</a>'' Photorealistic Rendering in
1962 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw91/erw91.html">Adaptive Shadow
1963 >        Testing for Ray Tracing</a>&quot; Photorealistic Rendering in
1964          Computer Graphics, proceedings of 1991 Eurographics
1965          Rendering Workshop, edited by P. Brunet and F.W. Jansen,
1966          Springer-Verlag. </li>
1967 <    <li>Ward, G., ``Visualization,'' <em>Lighting Design and
1967 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;Visualization,&quot; <em>Lighting Design and
1968          Application</em>, Vol. 20, No. 6, June 1990. </li>
1969 <    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, R. Clear, ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg88/paper.html">A Ray Tracing Solution for
1970 <        Diffuse Interreflection</a>,'' <em>Computer Graphics</em>,
1969 >    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, R. Clear, &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg88/paper.html">A Ray Tracing Solution for
1970 >        Diffuse Interreflection</a>,&quot; <em>Computer Graphics</em>,
1971          Vol. 22, No. 4, August 1988. </li>
1972 <    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, ``A New Technique for Computer
1973 <        Simulation of Illuminated Spaces,'' <em>Journal of the
1972 >    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, &quot;A New Technique for Computer
1973 >        Simulation of Illuminated Spaces,&quot; <em>Journal of the
1974          Illuminating Engineering Society</em>, Vol. 17, No. 1,
1975          Winter 1988. </li>
1976   </ul>

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