| 87 |
|
.IP |
| 88 |
|
v value (radiance) |
| 89 |
|
.IP |
| 90 |
+ |
V contribution (radiance) |
| 91 |
+ |
.IP |
| 92 |
|
w weight |
| 93 |
|
.IP |
| 94 |
+ |
W color coefficient |
| 95 |
+ |
.IP |
| 96 |
|
l effective length of ray |
| 97 |
|
.IP |
| 98 |
|
L first intersection distance |
| 111 |
|
.IP |
| 112 |
|
M material name |
| 113 |
|
.IP |
| 114 |
+ |
~ tilde (end of trace marker) |
| 115 |
+ |
.IP |
| 116 |
|
If the letter 't' appears in |
| 117 |
|
.I spec, |
| 118 |
|
then the fields following will be printed for every ray traced, |
| 119 |
|
not just the final result. |
| 120 |
+ |
If the capital letter 'T' is given instead of 't', then all rays will |
| 121 |
+ |
be reported, including shadow testing rays to light sources. |
| 122 |
|
Spawned rays are indented one tab for each level. |
| 123 |
+ |
The tilde marker ('~') is a handy way of differentiating the final ray |
| 124 |
+ |
value from daughter values in a traced ray tree, and usually appears |
| 125 |
+ |
right before the 't' or 'T' output flags. |
| 126 |
+ |
E.g., |
| 127 |
+ |
.I \-ov~TmW |
| 128 |
+ |
will emit a tilde followed by a tab at the end of each trace, |
| 129 |
+ |
which can be easily distinguished even in binary output. |
| 130 |
|
.IP |
| 131 |
|
Note that there is no space between this option and its argument. |
| 132 |
|
.TP |
| 140 |
|
.I mod |
| 141 |
|
as its modifier will not be reported to the standard output with |
| 142 |
|
the rest of the rays being traced. |
| 143 |
< |
This option has no effect unless the 't' option has been given as |
| 144 |
< |
part of the output specifier. |
| 143 |
> |
This option has no effect unless either the 't' or 'T' |
| 144 |
> |
option has been given as part of the output specifier. |
| 145 |
|
Any number of excluded modifiers may be given, but each |
| 146 |
|
must appear in a separate option. |
| 147 |
|
.TP |
| 149 |
|
Add |
| 150 |
|
.I mod |
| 151 |
|
to the trace include list, |
| 152 |
< |
so that it will be considered during the indirect calculation. |
| 152 |
> |
so that it will be reported by the trace option. |
| 153 |
|
The program can use either an include list or an exclude |
| 154 |
|
list, but not both. |
| 155 |
|
.TP |
| 180 |
|
This option is especially useful in |
| 181 |
|
conjunction with ximage(1) for computing illuminance at scene points. |
| 182 |
|
.TP |
| 183 |
+ |
.BR \-u |
| 184 |
+ |
Boolean switch to control uncorrelated random sampling. |
| 185 |
+ |
When "off", a low-discrepancy sequence is used, which reduces |
| 186 |
+ |
variance but can result in a brushed appearance in specular highlights. |
| 187 |
+ |
When "on", pure Monte Carlo sampling is used in all calculations. |
| 188 |
+ |
.TP |
| 189 |
|
.BR \-I |
| 190 |
|
Boolean switch to compute irradiance rather than radiance, |
| 191 |
|
with the input origin and direction interpreted instead |
| 526 |
|
.BI -lr \ N |
| 527 |
|
Limit reflections to a maximum of |
| 528 |
|
.I N. |
| 529 |
+ |
If |
| 530 |
+ |
.I N |
| 531 |
+ |
is zero or negative, then Russian roulette is used for ray |
| 532 |
+ |
termination, and the |
| 533 |
+ |
.I -lw |
| 534 |
+ |
setting (below) must be positive. |
| 535 |
+ |
If N is a negative integer, then this sets the upper limit |
| 536 |
+ |
of reflections past which Russian roulette will not be used. |
| 537 |
+ |
In scenes with dielectrics and total internal reflection, |
| 538 |
+ |
a setting of 0 (no limit) may cause a stack overflow. |
| 539 |
|
.TP |
| 540 |
|
.BI -lw \ frac |
| 541 |
|
Limit the weight of each ray to a minimum of |
| 542 |
|
.I frac. |
| 543 |
< |
During ray-tracing, a record is kept of the final contribution |
| 544 |
< |
a ray would have to the image. |
| 545 |
< |
If it is less then the specified minimum, the ray is not traced. |
| 543 |
> |
During ray-tracing, a record is kept of the estimated contribution |
| 544 |
> |
(weight) a ray would have in the image. |
| 545 |
> |
If this weight is less than the specified minimum and the |
| 546 |
> |
.I -lr |
| 547 |
> |
setting (above) is positive, the ray is not traced. |
| 548 |
> |
Otherwise, Russian roulette is used to |
| 549 |
> |
continue rays with a probability equal to the ray weight |
| 550 |
> |
divided by the given |
| 551 |
> |
.I frac. |
| 552 |
|
.TP |
| 553 |
|
.BR -ld |
| 554 |
|
Boolean switch to limit ray distance. |
| 646 |
|
Greg Ward |
| 647 |
|
.SH "SEE ALSO" |
| 648 |
|
getinfo(1), lookamb(1), oconv(1), pfilt(1), pinterp(1), |
| 649 |
< |
pvalue(1), rpict(1), rvu(1), vwrays(1), ximage(1) |
| 649 |
> |
pvalue(1), rpict(1), rtcontrib(1), rvu(1), vwrays(1), ximage(1) |
