| 1 |
|
.\" RCSid "$Id$" |
| 2 |
|
.TH RMTXOP 1 7/8/97 RADIANCE |
| 3 |
|
.SH NAME |
| 4 |
< |
rmtxop - concatenate, add, transpose, scale, and convert matrices |
| 4 |
> |
rmtxop - concatenate, add, multiply, divide, transpose, scale, and convert matrices |
| 5 |
|
.SH SYNOPSIS |
| 6 |
|
.B rmtxop |
| 7 |
|
[ |
| 8 |
|
.B \-v |
| 9 |
|
][ |
| 10 |
< |
.B \-f[afd] |
| 10 |
> |
.B \-f[afdc] |
| 11 |
|
][ |
| 12 |
|
.B \-t |
| 13 |
|
][ |
| 17 |
|
] |
| 18 |
|
.B m1 |
| 19 |
|
[ |
| 20 |
< |
.B + |
| 20 |
> |
.B ".+*/" |
| 21 |
|
] |
| 22 |
|
.B ".." |
| 23 |
|
.SH DESCRIPTION |
| 24 |
|
.I Rmtxop |
| 25 |
< |
loads and concatenates (multiplies) or adds together component matrix files |
| 26 |
< |
given on the command line. |
| 25 |
> |
loads and concatenates or adds/multiplies/divides |
| 26 |
> |
together component matrix files given on the command line. |
| 27 |
|
Each file must have a header containing the following variables: |
| 28 |
|
.sp |
| 29 |
|
.nf |
| 42 |
|
A matrix may be read from the standard input using a hyphen by itself ('-') |
| 43 |
|
in the appropriate place on the command line. |
| 44 |
|
.PP |
| 45 |
+ |
Any of the matrix inputs may be read from a command |
| 46 |
+ |
instead of a file by |
| 47 |
+ |
using quotes and a beginning exclamation point ('!'). |
| 48 |
+ |
.PP |
| 49 |
|
Two special cases are handled for component matrices that are either |
| 50 |
|
XML files containing BTDF data, or Radiance picture files. |
| 51 |
|
In the first case, a BSDF library is used to load and interpret the |
| 52 |
|
transmission matrix. |
| 53 |
< |
(XML files cannot be read from the standard input.)\0 |
| 53 |
> |
(XML files cannot be read from the standard input or from a command.)\0 |
| 54 |
|
In the second case, the RGBE or XYZE values are loaded in a 3-component |
| 55 |
|
matrix where the number of columns match the X-dimension of the picture, and |
| 56 |
|
the number of rows match the Y-dimension. |
| 57 |
|
The picture must be in standard pixel ordering, and the first row |
| 58 |
< |
as at the top with the first column on the left. |
| 58 |
> |
is at the top with the first column on the left. |
| 59 |
|
.PP |
| 60 |
|
Before each file, the |
| 61 |
|
.I \-t |
| 96 |
|
to the same input matrix. |
| 97 |
|
.PP |
| 98 |
|
If present, the second and subsequent matrices on the command |
| 99 |
< |
line are concatenated to the result unless separated by a plus ('+') symbol, |
| 100 |
< |
in which case the elements are added together. |
| 99 |
> |
line are concatenated together, unless separated by a plus ('+'), |
| 100 |
> |
asterisk ('*'), or forward slash ('/') symbol, |
| 101 |
> |
in which case the individual matrix elements are added, |
| 102 |
> |
multiplied, or divided, respectively. |
| 103 |
> |
The concatenation operator ('.') is the default and need not be specified. |
| 104 |
> |
Note also that the asterisk must be quoted or escaped in most shells. |
| 105 |
> |
In the case of addition, the two matrices involved must have the same number |
| 106 |
> |
of components. |
| 107 |
> |
If subtraction is desired, use addition ('+') with a scaling parameter of -1 |
| 108 |
> |
for the second matrix (the |
| 109 |
> |
.I \-s |
| 110 |
> |
option). |
| 111 |
> |
For element-wise multiplication and division, the second matrix is |
| 112 |
> |
permitted to have a single component per element, which will be |
| 113 |
> |
applied equally to all components of the first matrix. |
| 114 |
> |
If element-wise division is specified, any zero elements in the second |
| 115 |
> |
matrix will result in a warning and the corresponding component(s) in the |
| 116 |
> |
first matrix will be set to zero. |
| 117 |
> |
.PP |
| 118 |
> |
Evaluation proceeds from left to right, and all operations have |
| 119 |
> |
the same precedence. |
| 120 |
> |
If a different evaluation order is desired, pipe the result of one |
| 121 |
> |
.I rmtxop |
| 122 |
> |
command into another, as shown in one of the examples below. |
| 123 |
> |
.PP |
| 124 |
|
The number of components in the new matrix after applying any |
| 125 |
|
.I -c |
| 126 |
|
transform must agree with the prior result. |
| 128 |
|
in the prior result must equal the number of rows in the new matrix, and |
| 129 |
|
the result will have the number of rows of the previous and the number |
| 130 |
|
of columns of the new matrix. |
| 131 |
< |
In the case of addition, the number of rows and columns of the prior |
| 132 |
< |
result and the new matrix must match, and will not be changed by the |
| 133 |
< |
operation. |
| 131 |
> |
In the case of addition, multiplication, and division, |
| 132 |
> |
the number of rows and columns of the prior result and the |
| 133 |
> |
new matrix must match, and will not be changed by the operation. |
| 134 |
|
.PP |
| 135 |
+ |
A final transpose or scaling/transform operation may be applied to |
| 136 |
+ |
the results by appending the |
| 137 |
+ |
.I \-t |
| 138 |
+ |
and |
| 139 |
+ |
.I \-s |
| 140 |
+ |
or |
| 141 |
+ |
.I \-c |
| 142 |
+ |
options after the last matrix on the command line. |
| 143 |
+ |
.PP |
| 144 |
|
Results are sent to the standard output. |
| 145 |
< |
By default, the values will be written in ASCII format, but the |
| 145 |
> |
By default, the values will be written in the lowest resolution format |
| 146 |
> |
among the inputs, but the |
| 147 |
|
.I \-f |
| 148 |
< |
option may be used to output components |
| 149 |
< |
as binary doubles (-fd), floats (-ff), or RGBE colors (-fc). |
| 148 |
> |
option may be used to explicitly output components |
| 149 |
> |
as ASCII (-fa), binary doubles (-fd), floats (-ff), or RGBE colors (-fc). |
| 150 |
|
In the latter case, the actual matrix dimensions are written in the resolution |
| 151 |
|
string rather than the header. |
| 152 |
|
Also, matrix results written as Radiance pictures must have either one |
| 166 |
|
.IP "" .2i |
| 167 |
|
rmtxop -fc blinds.xml > blinds.hdr |
| 168 |
|
.PP |
| 169 |
+ |
To extract the luminance values from a picture as an ASCII matrix: |
| 170 |
+ |
.IP "" .2i |
| 171 |
+ |
rmtxop -fa -c .265 .670 .065 image.hdr > image_lum.mtx |
| 172 |
+ |
.PP |
| 173 |
|
To scale a matrix by 4 and add it to the transpose of another matrix: |
| 174 |
|
.IP "" .2i |
| 175 |
< |
rmtxop -s 4 left.mtx + -t right.mtx > result.mtx |
| 175 |
> |
rmtxop -s 4 first.mtx + -t second.mtx > result.mtx |
| 176 |
|
.PP |
| 177 |
+ |
To multiply elements of two matrices, then concatenate with a third, |
| 178 |
+ |
applying a final transpose to the result: |
| 179 |
+ |
.IP "" .2i |
| 180 |
+ |
rmtxop first.mtx \\* second.mtx . third.mtx -t > result.mtx |
| 181 |
+ |
.PP |
| 182 |
+ |
To left-multiply the element-wise division of two matrices: |
| 183 |
+ |
.IP "" .2i |
| 184 |
+ |
rmtxop -fd numerator.mtx / denominator.mtx | rmtxop left.mtx - > result.mtx |
| 185 |
+ |
.PP |
| 186 |
|
To send the elements of a binary matrix to |
| 187 |
|
.I rcalc(1) |
| 188 |
|
for further processing: |
| 189 |
|
.IP "" .2i |
| 190 |
< |
rmtxop -fa orig.mtx | rcollate -ho -oc 1 | rcalc [opertions] |
| 190 |
> |
rmtxop -fa orig.mtx | rcollate -ho -oc 1 | rcalc [operations] |
| 191 |
> |
.SH NOTES |
| 192 |
> |
Matrix concatenation is associative but not commutative, so order |
| 193 |
> |
matters to the result. |
| 194 |
> |
.I Rmtxop |
| 195 |
> |
takes advantage of this associative property to concatenate |
| 196 |
> |
from right to left when it reduces the number of basic operations. |
| 197 |
> |
If the rightmost matrix is a column vector for example, it is |
| 198 |
> |
much faster to concatenate from the right, and the result will |
| 199 |
> |
be the same. |
| 200 |
> |
Note that this only applies to concatenation; |
| 201 |
> |
element-wise addition, multiplication, and division are always |
| 202 |
> |
evaluated from left to right. |
| 203 |
|
.SH AUTHOR |
| 204 |
|
Greg Ward |
| 205 |
|
.SH "SEE ALSO" |
| 206 |
< |
cnt(1), histo(1), neaten(1), rcalc(1), rcollate(1), |
| 207 |
< |
rcontrib(1), rfluxmtx(1), rlam(1), tabfunc(1), total(1) |
| 206 |
> |
cnt(1), getinfo(1), histo(1), neaten(1), rcalc(1), rcollate(1), |
| 207 |
> |
rcontrib(1), rfluxmtx(1), rlam(1), |
| 208 |
> |
rsplit(1), tabfunc(1), total(1), wrapBSDF(1) |
