1 |
.\" RCSid "$Id: pmdblur.1,v 1.1 2005/01/18 03:59:40 greg Exp $" |
2 |
.TH PMDBLUR 1 1/17/05 NAME |
3 |
pmdblur - generate views for combined camera motion and depth blurring |
4 |
.SH SYNOPSIS |
5 |
.B pmdblur |
6 |
.B speed |
7 |
.B aperture |
8 |
.B nsamp |
9 |
.B v0file |
10 |
.B v1file |
11 |
.SH DESCRIPTION |
12 |
.I Pmdblur |
13 |
takes two viewfiles and generates |
14 |
.I nsamp |
15 |
views starting from |
16 |
.I v0file |
17 |
and moving towards |
18 |
.I v1file, |
19 |
simulating an aperture of diameter |
20 |
.I aperture |
21 |
in world coordinate units. |
22 |
When rendered and averaged together, these views will result in |
23 |
a picture with motion and depth-of-field |
24 |
blur due to a camera changing from v0 to v1 |
25 |
in a relative time unit of 1, whose shutter is open starting at v0 for |
26 |
.I speed |
27 |
of these time units. |
28 |
Either |
29 |
.I pinterp(1) |
30 |
or |
31 |
.I rpict(1) |
32 |
may be called to do the actual work. |
33 |
(The given |
34 |
.I v0file |
35 |
must also be passed on the command line to the chosen renderer, since |
36 |
.I pmdblur |
37 |
provides supplemental view specifications only.)\0 |
38 |
.PP |
39 |
For |
40 |
.I pinterp, |
41 |
feed the output of |
42 |
.I pmdblur |
43 |
to the standard input of |
44 |
.I pinterp |
45 |
and apply the |
46 |
.I \-B |
47 |
option to blur views together. |
48 |
In most cases, two pictures with z-buffers at v0 and v1 will |
49 |
get a satisfactory result, though the perfectionist may wish to |
50 |
apply the |
51 |
.I \-ff |
52 |
option together with the |
53 |
.I \-fr |
54 |
option of |
55 |
.I pinterp. |
56 |
.PP |
57 |
To use |
58 |
.I pmdblur |
59 |
with |
60 |
.I rpict, |
61 |
apply the |
62 |
.I \-S |
63 |
option to indicate a rendering sequence, and set the |
64 |
.I \-o |
65 |
option with a formatted file name to save multiple output |
66 |
pictures. |
67 |
When all the renderings are finished, combine them with the |
68 |
.I pcomb(1) |
69 |
program, using appropriate scalefactors to achieve an average. |
70 |
Note that using |
71 |
.I rpict |
72 |
is MUCH more expensive than using |
73 |
.I pinterp, |
74 |
and it is only recommended if the scene and application |
75 |
absolutely demand it (e.g. there is prominent refraction that |
76 |
must be modeled accurately). |
77 |
.PP |
78 |
For both |
79 |
.I pinterp |
80 |
and |
81 |
.I rpict, |
82 |
the computation time will be proportional to the number of views from |
83 |
.I pmdblur. |
84 |
We have found a |
85 |
.I nsamp |
86 |
setting somewhere between 7 and 15 to be adequate for most images. |
87 |
Relatively larger values are appropriate for faster camera motion. |
88 |
.PP |
89 |
The |
90 |
.I \-pm |
91 |
and/or |
92 |
.I \-pd |
93 |
options of |
94 |
.I rpict |
95 |
may be used instead or in combination to blur animated frames, with |
96 |
the added advantage of blurring reflections and refractions according |
97 |
to their proper motion. |
98 |
However, this option will result in more noise and expense than using |
99 |
.I pmdblur |
100 |
with |
101 |
.I pinterp |
102 |
as a post-process. |
103 |
If both blurring methods are used, a smaller value should be given to the |
104 |
.I rpict |
105 |
.I \-pm |
106 |
option equal to the shutter speed divided by the number of samples, and the |
107 |
.I \-pd |
108 |
option equal to the aperture divided by the number of samples. |
109 |
This will be just enough to blur the boundaries of the ghosts |
110 |
which may appear using |
111 |
.I pmdblur |
112 |
with a small number of time samples. |
113 |
.PP |
114 |
To simulate a particular camera's aperture, divide the focal length of |
115 |
the lens by the f-number, then convert to the corresponding |
116 |
world coordinate units. |
117 |
For example, if you wish to simulate a 50mm lens at f/2.0 in |
118 |
a scene modeled in meters, then you divide 50mm by 2.0 to get 25mm, |
119 |
which corresponds to an effective aperture of 0.025 meters. |
120 |
.SH EXAMPLES |
121 |
To use |
122 |
.I pinterp |
123 |
to simulate motion blur between two frames of a walk-through |
124 |
animation, where the camera shutter is open for 1/4 of the |
125 |
interframe distance with an aperture of 0.1 world units: |
126 |
.IP "" .2i |
127 |
pmdblur .25 .1 8 fr1023.pic fr1024.pic | pinterp -B -vf fr1023.pic -x 640 -y 480 |
128 |
fr1023.pic fr1023.zbf fr1024.pic fr1024.zbf > fr1023b.pic |
129 |
.SH AUTHOR |
130 |
Greg Ward |
131 |
.SH "SEE ALSO" |
132 |
pcomb(1), pdfblur(1), pinterp(1), pmblur(1), rcalc(1), rpict(1), vwright(1) |