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# Line 1 | Line 1
1   <html>
2 + <!-- RCSid $Id$ -->
3   <head>
4   <title>
5 < The RADIANCE 4.1 Synthetic Imaging System
5 > The RADIANCE 5.4 Synthetic Imaging System
6   </title>
7   </head>
8   <body>
# Line 9 | Line 10 | The RADIANCE 4.1 Synthetic Imaging System
10   <p>
11  
12   <h1>
13 < The RADIANCE 4.1 Synthetic Imaging System
13 > The RADIANCE 5.4 Synthetic Imaging System
14   </h1>
15  
16   <p>
# Line 82 | Line 83 | The diagram in Figure 1 shows the flow between program
83   (ovals).  
84   The central program is <i>rpict</i>, which produces a picture from a scene
85   description.
86 < <i>Rview</i> is a  variation  of  rpict  that  computes  and displays images
86 > <i>Rvu</i> is a  variation  of  rpict  that  computes  and displays images
87   interactively, and rtrace computes single ray values.
88   Other programs (not shown) connect many of these elements together,
89   such as the executive programs
# Line 797 | Line 798 | unless the line integrals consider enclosed geometry.
798  
799   <dd>
800          Trans2 is the anisotropic version of <a HREF="#Trans">trans</a>.  
801 <        The string arguments  are  the same as for plastic2, and the real arguments are the same as  for  trans  but  with  an  additional roughness value.
801 >        The string arguments  are  the same as for <a HREF="#Plastic2">plastic2</a>,
802 >        and the real arguments are the same as  for  trans  but  with  an  additional roughness value.
803  
804   <pre>
805          mod trans2 id
# Line 809 | Line 811 | unless the line integrals consider enclosed geometry.
811   <p>
812  
813   <dt>
814 +        <a NAME="Ashik2">
815 +        <b>Ashik2</b>
816 +        </a>
817 +
818 + <dd>
819 +        Ashik2 is the anisotropic reflectance model by Ashikhmin & Shirley.
820 +        The string arguments are the same as for <a HREF="#Plastic2">plastic2</a>, but the real
821 +        arguments have additional flexibility to specify the specular color.
822 +        Also, rather than roughness, specular power is used, which has no
823 +        physical meaning other than larger numbers are equivalent to a smoother
824 +        surface.
825 + <pre>
826 +        mod ashik2 id
827 +        4+ ux uy uz funcfile transform
828 +        0
829 +        8 dred dgrn dblu sred sgrn sblu u-power v-power
830 + </pre>
831 +
832 + <p>
833 +
834 + <dt>
835          <a NAME="Dielectric">
836          <b>Dielectric</b>
837          </a>
# Line 1131 | Line 1154 | unless the line integrals consider enclosed geometry.
1154   <p>
1155  
1156   <dt>
1157 +        <a NAME="aBSDF">
1158 +        <b>aBSDF</b>
1159 +        </a>
1160 +
1161 + <dd>
1162 +        The aBSDF material is identical to the BSDF type with two
1163 +        important differences.  First, proxy geometry is not
1164 +        supported, so there is no thickness parameter.  Second, an
1165 +        aBSDF is assumed to have some specular through component
1166 +        (the &rsquo;a&rsquo; stands for &quot;aperture&quot;),
1167 +        which is treated specially during the direct calculation
1168 +        and when viewing the material.  Based on the BSDF data, the
1169 +        coefficient of specular transmission is determined and used
1170 +        for modifying unscattered shadow and view rays.
1171 +
1172 + <pre>
1173 +        mod aBSDF id
1174 +        5+ BSDFfile ux uy uz funcfile transform
1175 +        0
1176 +        0|3|6|9
1177 +             rfdif gfdif bfdif
1178 +             rbdif gbdif bbdif
1179 +             rtdif gtdif btdif
1180 + </pre>
1181 +
1182 + <p>
1183 +        If a material has no specular transmitted component, it is
1184 +        much better to use the BSDF type with a zero thickness
1185 +        than to use aBSDF.
1186 + <p>
1187 +
1188 + <dt>
1189          <a NAME="Antimatter">
1190          <b>Antimatter</b>
1191          </a>
# Line 1414 | Line 1469 | or:
1469   </h4>
1470  
1471   A mixture is a blend of one or more materials or textures and patterns.
1472 + Blended materials should not be light source types or virtual source types.
1473   The basic types are given below.
1474  
1475   <p>
# Line 1486 | Line 1542 | A mixfunc mixes  two  modifiers  procedurally.   It  i
1542          arguments, the red, green and blue values
1543          corresponding to the pixel at (u,v).
1544  
1489 – </dl>
1545   <p>
1546  
1547   <dt>
# Line 1752 | Line 1807 | The details of this process  are  not  important, but
1807   directs the use of a scene description.
1808   <ul>
1809   <li>
1810 < <a NAME="rvu" HREF="../man_html/rvu.1.html"><b>Rview</b></a>  is  ray-tracing  program  for  viewing  a  scene interactively.  
1810 > <a NAME="rvu" HREF="../man_html/rvu.1.html"><b>Rvu</b></a>  is  ray-tracing  program  for  viewing  a  scene interactively.  
1811   When  the user specifies a new perspective, rvu quickly displays a rough image on the  terminal,  
1812   then progressively increases the resolution as the user looks on.
1813   He can select a particular section of the image to  improve, or  move  to  a different view and start over.  
# Line 1788 | Line 1843 | Pictures may be displayed directly under X11 using the
1843   or converted a standard image format using one of the following
1844   <b>translators</b>:
1845          <ul>
1846 <        <li> <b>Ra_avs</b>
1847 <                converts to and from AVS image format.
1793 <        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_pict.1.html"><b>Ra_pict</b></a>
1794 <                converts to Macintosh 32-bit PICT2 format.
1846 >        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_bmp.1.html"><b>Ra_bmp</b></a>
1847 >                converts to and from BMP image format.
1848          <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_ppm.1.html"><b>Ra_ppm</b></a>
1849                  converts to and from Poskanzer Portable Pixmap formats.
1797 –        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_pr.1.html"><b>Ra_pr</b></a>
1798 –                converts to and from Sun 8-bit rasterfile format.
1799 –        <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_pr24.1.html"><b>Ra_pr24</b></a>
1800 –                converts to and from Sun 24-bit rasterfile format.
1850          <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_ps.1.html"><b>Ra_ps</b></a>
1851                  converts to PostScript color and greyscale formats.
1852          <li> <a HREF="../man_html/ra_rgbe.1.html"><b>Ra_rgbe</b></a>
# Line 1823 | Line 1872 | or converted a standard image format using one of the
1872   <pre>
1873   The Radiance Software License, Version 1.0
1874  
1875 < Copyright (c) 1990 - 2010 The Regents of the University of California,
1875 > Copyright (c) 1990 - 2021 The Regents of the University of California,
1876   through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.   All rights reserved.
1877  
1878   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# Line 1857 | Line 1906 | are met:
1906        nor may &quot;Radiance&quot; appear in their name, without prior written
1907        permission of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
1908  
1909 < THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
1909 > THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS&quot; AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
1910   WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
1911   OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1912   DISCLAIMED.   IN NO EVENT SHALL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory OR
# Line 1896 | Line 1945 | Ecole  Polytechnique  Federale de Lausanne (EPFL Unive
1945   </h2>
1946   <p>
1947   <ul>
1948 +    <li>Wang, Taoning, Gregory Ward, Eleanor Lee,
1949 +      &quot;<a href="https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1XQ0a1M7zGwT7v">Efficient
1950 +      modeling of optically-complex, non-coplanar exterior shading:
1951 +      Validation of matrix algebraic methods</a>&quot;
1952 +      <em>Energy & Buildings</em>, vol. 174, pp. 464-83, Sept. 2018.
1953 +    <li>Lee, Eleanor S., David Geisler-Moroder, Gregory Ward,
1954 +      &quot;<a href="https://eta.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/publications/solar_energy.pdf">Modeling
1955 +      the direct sun component in buildings using matrix
1956 +      algebraic approaches: Methods and
1957 +      validation</a>,&quot; <em>Solar Energy</em>,
1958 +      vol. 160, 15 January 2018, pp 380-395.
1959 +    <li>Narain, Rahul, Rachel A. Albert, Abdullah Bulbul,
1960 +       Gregory J. Ward, Marty Banks, James F. O'Brien,
1961 +       &quot;<a href="http://graphics.berkeley.edu/papers/Narain-OPI-2015-08/index.html">Optimal
1962 +       Presentation of Imagery with Focus
1963 +       Cues on Multi-Plane Displays</a>,&quot;
1964 +       <em>SIGGRAPH 2015</em>.
1965 +    <li>Ward, Greg, Murat Kurt, and Nicolas Bonneel,
1966 +        &quot;<a href="papers/WMAM14_Tensor_Tree_Representation.pdf">Reducing
1967 +        Anisotropic BSDF Measurement to Common Practice</a>,&quot;
1968 +        <em>Workshop on Material Appearance Modeling</em>, 2014.
1969 +    <li>Banks, Martin, Abdullah Bulbul, Rachel Albert, Rahul Narain,
1970 +        James F. O'Brien, Gregory Ward,
1971 +        &quot;<a href="http://graphics.berkeley.edu/papers/Banks-TPO-2014-05/index.html">The
1972 +        Perception of Surface Material from Disparity and Focus Cues</a>,&quot;
1973 +        <em>VSS 2014</em>.
1974 +    <li>McNeil, A., C.J. Jonsson, D. Appelfeld, G. Ward, E.S. Lee,
1975 +        &quot;<a href="http://gaia.lbl.gov/btech/papers/4414.pdf">
1976 +        A validation of a ray-tracing tool used to generate
1977 +        bi-directional scattering distribution functions for
1978 +        complex fenestration systems</a>,&quot;
1979 +        <em>Solar Energy</em>, 98, 404-14,
1980 +        November 2013.
1981 +    <li>Ward, G., R. Mistrick, E.S. Lee, A. McNeil, J. Jonsson,
1982 +        &quot;<a href="http://gaia.lbl.gov/btech/papers/4414.pdf">Simulating
1983 +        the Daylight Performance of Complex Fenestration Systems
1984 +        Using Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Functions within
1985 +        Radiance</a>,&quot;
1986 +        <em>Leukos</em>, 7(4)
1987 +        April 2011.
1988      <li>Cater, Kirsten, Alan Chalmers, Greg Ward,
1989          &quot;<a href="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/egsr2003.pdf">Detail to Attention:
1990          Exploiting Visual Tasks for Selective Rendering</a>,&quot;
1991          <em>Eurographics Symposium
1992          on Rendering 2003</em>, June 2003.
1993      <li>Ward, Greg, Elena Eydelberg-Vileshin,
1994 <        ``<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/egwr02/index.html">Picture Perfect RGB
1995 <        Rendering Using Spectral Prefiltering and Sharp Color Primaries</a>,''
1994 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/egwr02/index.html">Picture Perfect RGB
1995 >        Rendering Using Spectral Prefiltering and Sharp Color Primaries</a>,&quot;
1996          Thirteenth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering (2002),
1997          P. Debevec and S. Gibson (Editors), June 2002.
1998      <li>Ward, Gregory,
1999 <        ``<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/cic01.pdf">High Dynamic Range Imaging</a>,''
1999 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/cic01.pdf">High Dynamic Range Imaging</a>,&quot;
2000          Proceedings of the Ninth Color Imaging Conference, November 2001.
2001      <li>Ward, Gregory and Maryann Simmons,
2002 <        ``<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/tog99.pdf">
2002 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/tog99.pdf">
2003          The Holodeck Ray Cache: An Interactive Rendering System for Global Illumination in Nondiffuse
2004 <        Environments</a>,'' ACM Transactions on Graphics, 18(4):361-98, October 1999.
2005 <    <li>Larson, G.W., ``<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/ewp98.pdf">The Holodeck: A Parallel
2006 <        Ray-caching Rendering System</a>,'' Proceedings of the Second
2004 >        Environments</a>,&quot; ACM Transactions on Graphics, 18(4):361-98, October 1999.
2005 >    <li>Larson, G.W., &quot;<a HREF="http://www.anyhere.com/gward/papers/ewp98.pdf">The Holodeck: A Parallel
2006 >        Ray-caching Rendering System</a>,&quot; Proceedings of the Second
2007          Eurographics Workshop on Parallel Graphics and Visualisation,
2008          September 1998.
2009      <li>Larson, G.W. and R.A. Shakespeare,
# Line 1922 | Line 2011 | Ecole  Polytechnique  Federale de Lausanne (EPFL Unive
2011          the Art and Science of Lighting Visualization</em></a>,
2012          Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1998.
2013      <li>Larson, G.W., H. Rushmeier, C. Piatko,
2014 <        ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/lbnl39882/tonemap.pdf">A Visibility
2014 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/lbnl39882/tonemap.pdf">A Visibility
2015          Matching Tone Reproduction Operator for
2016 <        High Dynamic Range Scenes</a>,'' LBNL Technical Report 39882,
2016 >        High Dynamic Range Scenes</a>,&quot; LBNL Technical Report 39882,
2017          January 1997.
2018 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw95.1/paper.html">Making
2019 <        Global Illumination User-Friendly</a>,'' Sixth
2018 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw95.1/paper.html">Making
2019 >        Global Illumination User-Friendly</a>,&quot; Sixth
2020          Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, Springer-Verlag,
2021          Dublin, Ireland, June 1995.</li>
2022      <li>Rushmeier, H., G. Ward, C. Piatko, P. Sanders, B. Rust,
2023 <        ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/mgf/compare.html">
2023 >        &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/mgf/compare.html">
2024          Comparing Real and Synthetic Images: Some Ideas about
2025 <        Metrics</a>,'' Sixth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering,
2025 >        Metrics</a>,&quot; Sixth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering,
2026          Springer-Verlag, Dublin, Ireland, June 1995.</li>
2027 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.1/paper.html">The RADIANCE
2028 <        Lighting Simulation and Rendering System</a>,'' <em>Computer
2027 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.1/paper.html">The RADIANCE
2028 >        Lighting Simulation and Rendering System</a>,&quot; <em>Computer
2029          Graphics</em>, July 1994.</li>
2030 <    <li>Rushmeier, H., G. Ward, ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.2/energy.html">Energy
2031 <        Preserving Non-Linear Filters</a>,'' <em>Computer
2030 >    <li>Rushmeier, H., G. Ward, &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg94.2/energy.html">Energy
2031 >        Preserving Non-Linear Filters</a>,&quot; <em>Computer
2032          Graphics</em>, July 1994.</li>
2033 <    <li>Ward, G., ``A Contrast-Based Scalefactor for Luminance
2034 <        Display,'' <em>Graphics Gems IV</em>, Edited by Paul Heckbert,
2033 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;A Contrast-Based Scalefactor for Luminance
2034 >        Display,&quot; <em>Graphics Gems IV</em>, Edited by Paul Heckbert,
2035          Academic Press 1994.</li>
2036 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg92/paper.html">Measuring and
2037 <        Modeling Anisotropic Reflection</a>,'' <em>Computer
2036 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg92/paper.html">Measuring and
2037 >        Modeling Anisotropic Reflection</a>,&quot; <em>Computer
2038          Graphics</em>, Vol. 26, No. 2, July 1992. </li>
2039 <    <li>Ward, G., P. Heckbert, ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw92/paper.html">Irradiance
2040 <        Gradients</a>,'' Third Annual Eurographics Workshop on
2039 >    <li>Ward, G., P. Heckbert, &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw92/paper.html">Irradiance
2040 >        Gradients</a>,&quot; Third Annual Eurographics Workshop on
2041          Rendering, Springer-Verlag, May 1992. </li>
2042 <    <li>Ward, G., ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw91/erw91.html">Adaptive Shadow
2043 <        Testing for Ray Tracing</a>'' Photorealistic Rendering in
2042 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/erw91/erw91.html">Adaptive Shadow
2043 >        Testing for Ray Tracing</a>&quot; Photorealistic Rendering in
2044          Computer Graphics, proceedings of 1991 Eurographics
2045          Rendering Workshop, edited by P. Brunet and F.W. Jansen,
2046          Springer-Verlag. </li>
2047 <    <li>Ward, G., ``Visualization,'' <em>Lighting Design and
2047 >    <li>Ward, G., &quot;Visualization,&quot; <em>Lighting Design and
2048          Application</em>, Vol. 20, No. 6, June 1990. </li>
2049 <    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, R. Clear, ``<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg88/paper.html">A Ray Tracing Solution for
2050 <        Diffuse Interreflection</a>,'' <em>Computer Graphics</em>,
2049 >    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, R. Clear, &quot;<a HREF="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/sg88/paper.html">A Ray Tracing Solution for
2050 >        Diffuse Interreflection</a>,&quot; <em>Computer Graphics</em>,
2051          Vol. 22, No. 4, August 1988. </li>
2052 <    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, ``A New Technique for Computer
2053 <        Simulation of Illuminated Spaces,'' <em>Journal of the
2052 >    <li>Ward, G., F. Rubinstein, &quot;A New Technique for Computer
2053 >        Simulation of Illuminated Spaces,&quot; <em>Journal of the
2054          Illuminating Engineering Society</em>, Vol. 17, No. 1,
2055          Winter 1988. </li>
2056   </ul>

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